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Caries Management
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Caries Management

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Global Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 9723

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Hai Ming Wong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, China
Interests: strategies for caries prevention; innovative dental materials; social impact of child oral health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dental caries is the most common health condition affecting humankind. Despite significant investment in public health promotion, almost half of children worldwide still suffer from dental caries. As early childhood caries profoundly impacts families and societies, young children demonstrate the highest caries burden across all age groups. Caries in primary teeth not only predicts caries in permanent teeth, but also predisposes individuals to various noncommunicable diseases in later life.

Untreated caries remains a major global public health challenge. This may partly be due to people’s fear of treatment, lack of awareness, and limited availability of dental care resources. Uncontrolled initial caries may gradually worsen and become larger and symptomatic, causing infection, pain, and even loss of teeth.

Dental caries results from caries pathogens that produce acids from the decomposition of sugars to interrupt the tooth-surface mineralization balance and induce the demineralization of dental hard tissues. Based on this mechanism, caries is preventable and repairable by utilizing efficacious strategies that target the inhibition of caries pathogen biofilm formation, reduction in dental hard tissue demineralization, and promotion of remineralization. This Special Issue of IJERPH focuses on the current state of knowledge on caries and innovative strategies for its management. Research papers and reviews are welcome for this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Hai Ming Wong
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dental caries
  • oral health
  • children
  • enamels
  • dentin
  • remineralization

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

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5 pages, 264 KiB  
Editorial
Childhood Caries Management
by Hai Ming Wong
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(14), 8527; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148527 - 12 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2764
Abstract
Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavities, result from the breakdown of teeth due to bacterial acids [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Caries Management)

Research

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12 pages, 283 KiB  
Article
Pediatric Oral Health Online Education for Rural and Migrant Head Start Programs in the United States
by Francisco Ramos-Gomez, Stephanie Parkinson, Victor Garcia de Jesus, Jose A. Rios and Janni J. Kinsler
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21(5), 544; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21050544 - 25 Apr 2024
Viewed by 498
Abstract
Children living in rural and migrant areas in the United States disproportionately suffer from poor oral health. Additionally, there continues to be a shortage of pediatric dentists practicing in rural/migrant areas. The purpose of this formative research study was to assess whether staff, [...] Read more.
Children living in rural and migrant areas in the United States disproportionately suffer from poor oral health. Additionally, there continues to be a shortage of pediatric dentists practicing in rural/migrant areas. The purpose of this formative research study was to assess whether staff, teachers and families from rural/migrant Head Start/Early Head Start (HS/EHS) programs in California were receptive to oral health online education workshops conducted by pediatric dental residents who were assisted by bilingual (English and Spanish) community oral health workers (COHWs). Our findings suggest that partnering pediatric dental residents with bilingual COHWs to educate HS/EHS teachers, staff and parents on oral health care in rural/migrant areas could result in a rewarding experience for pediatric dentists that might lead them to practice in these communities upon graduation from their residency program. Furthermore, the positive feedback received from the teachers, staff and parents who participated in the workshops indicates they were receptive to receiving oral health information related to oral health literacy from the dental providers and COHWs. COHWs can help increase access to oral health care by serving as a bridge between families and providers by relaying information in a cultural, linguistic and sensitive manner. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Caries Management)
12 pages, 1275 KiB  
Article
Streptococcus sobrinus as a Predominant Oral Bacteria Related to the Occurrence of Dental Caries in Polish Children at 12 Years Old
by Izabela Korona-Glowniak, Agnieszka Skawinska-Bednarczyk, Rafal Wrobel, Justyna Pietrak, Izabela Tkacz-Ciebiera, Monika Maslanko-Switala, Dorota Krawczyk, Adrian Bakiera, Anna Borek, Anna Malm and Maria Mielnik-Blaszczak
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 15005; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215005 - 15 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1818
Abstract
Dental caries is listed by the WHO as one of the major non-communicable diseases that need to be prevented and treated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of caries expressed as the Decayed, Missing and Filled Permanent [...] Read more.
Dental caries is listed by the WHO as one of the major non-communicable diseases that need to be prevented and treated. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of caries expressed as the Decayed, Missing and Filled Permanent Teeth (DMFT) index in 12-year-old Polish children and to verify bacterial species related to the occurrence of dental caries. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of DNA isolated from saliva samples was performed to detect 8 cariogenic and periopathogenic bacterial strains. A total of 118 Polish children were enrolled in the study. They had low mean DMFT scores of 1.58 ± 1.98. The prevalence of dental caries in the children tested was low (53.4%), with a tendency to decrease compared to previous oral surveys. Bacterial abundance of other species in the dental caries and caries-free groups did not differ; however, periopathogenic Prevotella pallens, Fusobacterium nucleatum along with cariogenic Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus fermentum were significantly strongly correlated in the caries-active subjects. The prevalence of S. sobrinus was significantly higher in children with dental caries (p = 0.023) and correlated with higher DMFT. It may temporarily play an important role in the initiation of the cariogenic process or in its enhancement due to an ecological imbalance in dental microbiota. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Caries Management)
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Other

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12 pages, 1280 KiB  
Systematic Review
Does Early Childhood Caries Increase Caries Development among School Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Phoebe Pui Ying Lam, Helene Chua, Manikandan Ekambaram, Edward Chin Man Lo and Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13459; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013459 - 18 Oct 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2366
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to systematically review the literature to determine whether early childhood caries (ECC) is significantly associated with caries development in permanent teeth among school children and adolescents, and to identify the association of other risk factors over 24 [...] Read more.
The aim of this paper is to systematically review the literature to determine whether early childhood caries (ECC) is significantly associated with caries development in permanent teeth among school children and adolescents, and to identify the association of other risk factors over 24 months. A systematic literature search was performed in four electronic databases and via a manual search from inception to 28 July 2022. Independent study selection and screening, data extraction, evaluation of risk of bias using ROBINS-I tool and certainty of evidence with GRADE were performed. Ten cohort studies were included, all of which identified that ECC significantly increased the risk of caries in permanent teeth. Meta-analysis suggested children with ECC were three times more likely to develop caries in their permanent teeth (OR, 3.22; 95% CI 2.80, 3.71; p < 0.001), especially when the lesions were in primary molars and progressed to dentine. However, the certainty of evidence was substantially compromised by serious risk of bias and inconsistency between studies. There were inconsistent findings between socioeconomic or behavioural factors on caries development, which could not be pooled for meta-analyses. ECC significantly increases the likelihood of caries development in permanent teeth. Evidence on the association of socioeconomic and oral health behavioural factors is weak. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Caries Management)
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19 pages, 3078 KiB  
Systematic Review
Oral Health Status of Children and Adolescents Living with HIV Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Phoebe Pui Ying Lam, Ni Zhou, Hai Ming Wong and Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(19), 12864; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912864 - 08 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1633
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) increases the survival of HIV-infected children, but might also bring in oral health-related side effects and increase their risks of oral diseases. The review compared the oral health status of children living with HIV (CLWH) undergoing ART with healthy controls. [...] Read more.
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) increases the survival of HIV-infected children, but might also bring in oral health-related side effects and increase their risks of oral diseases. The review compared the oral health status of children living with HIV (CLWH) undergoing ART with healthy controls. Dual independent screening and study selection from four electronic databases and manual searches, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and quality-of-evidence evaluation with Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation were performed. Twelve studies were included in qualitative and quantitative analysis. CLWH taking ART had a significantly higher prevalence of periodontal diseases (OR = 3.11, 95% CI 1.62–5.97), mucosal hyperpigmentation (OR = 20.35, 95% CI 3.86–107.39), and orofacial-related opportunistic infections than healthy controls. No significant differences regarding caries prevalence and tooth development were identified. Those with CD4+ T-cell counts below 250 cells/mm3 were more likely to manifest opportunistic infections, while medication duration had minimal influence on the prevalence of orofacial opportunistic infections. The current findings did not identify HIV and antiretroviral status as predisposing factors to dental caries, but affirmed the associated increased risk of periodontal diseases, mucosal hyperpigmentation and candidiasis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Caries Management)
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