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Organic Carbon Cycle in Eutrophic Water Body

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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (12 April 2023) | Viewed by 4960

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaoguang Xu

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Guest Editor

School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
Interests: carbon cycle in freshwater lakes; ecological restoration of contaminated water

Dr. Jie Ma

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Guest Editor

Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
Interests: water environment restoration; water pollution control; prevention and control of non-point source pollution; water environment monitoring and early warning; lacustrine reservoir biogeochemical cycle

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Due to the impact of human activities and climate change, inland natural water bodies (lakes, rivers, ponds, streams, wetlands, etc.) are facing the threat of eutrophication. These freshwater ecosystems are undergoing or have undergone a steady-state transition from macrophyte-dominant clear water state to algae-dominant turbid water state. A large amount of algae gather or accumulate to form algal blooms, which have significantly changed the carbon cycle intensity of eutrophic water due to their easy decomposition characteristics. Eutrophic water bodies receive not only a large amount of exogenous nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, but also exogenous organic matter. These internal and external organic matter converge and decompose in the water body, which may significantly promote the decomposition of refractory substances in the water body, release greenhouse gases, and even cause biofeedback on climate change. Therefore, this Special Issue mainly focuses on the source and composition of organic matter, including particulate organic matter and dissolved organic matter in eutrophic water bodies via various traceability technologies, the migration and transformation process of organic matter in water bodies (microbial processes), and the environmental effects caused by the decomposition of organic matter (black and odorous water bodies, greenhouse gas release, etc.).

Dr. Xiaoguang Xu
Dr. Jie Ma
Guest Editors

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Keywords

eutrophic water bodies
POM and DOM (CDOM)
climate change
origin and composition
stable isotope and biomarkers
migration and transformation
microbial processes
greenhouse gases
carbon neutral and carbon peak
relationship between carbon and nitrogen, phosphorus, and the sulfur cycle

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 3408 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Carbon Reduction and Pollutant Abatement by a Bio–Ecological Combined Process for Rural Sewage

by Qiu Jin, Liangang Chen, Shengyun Yang, Chaochao Zhu, Jingang Li, Jing Chen, Wei Li and Xinxin Peng

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(2), 1643; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021643 - 16 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1515

Abstract

In order to explore the treatment effect of a bio–ecological combined process on pollution reduction and carbon abatement of rural domestic wastewater under seasonal changes, the rural area of Lingui District, Guilin City, Guangxi Province, China was selected to construct a combined process of regulating a pond, biological filter, subsurface flow constructed wetland, and ecological purification pond. The influent water, effluent water, and the characteristics of pollutant treatment in each unit were investigated. The results showed that the average removal rates of COD, TN, and NH₃–N in summer were 87.57, 72.18, and 80.98%, respectively, while they were 77.46, 57.52, and 64.48% in winter. There were significant seasonal differences in wastewater treatment results in Guilin. Meanwhile, in view of the low carbon:nitrogen ratio in the influent and the poor decontamination effect, the method of adding additional carbon sources such as sludge fermentation and rice straw is proposed to strengthen resource utilization and achieve carbon reduction and emission reduction. The treatment effect of ecological units, especially constructed wetland units, had a high contribution rate of TN treatment, but it was greatly impacted by seasons. The analysis of the relative abundance of the microbial community at the phylum level in constructed wetlands revealed that Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetota, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla. The relative abundance of microbial communities of Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria decreased to a large extent from summer to winter, while Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetota increased to varying degrees. These dominant bacteria played an important role in the degradation of pollutants such as COD, NH₃–N, and TN in wetland systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Carbon Cycle in Eutrophic Water Body)

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14 pages, 2233 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Differences in Carbon and Nitrogen Migration and Transformation Driven by Cyanobacteria and Macrophyte Activities in Taihu Lake

by Chaonan Han, Hao Wu, Ningning Sun, Yu Tang, Yan Dai and Tianhao Dai

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(1), 371; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010371 - 26 Dec 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1309

Abstract

The metabolic activities of primary producers play an important role in the migration and transformation of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in aquatic environments. This study selected two typical areas in Taihu Lake, a cyanobacteria-dominant area (Meiliang Bay) and a macrophyte-dominant area (in the east area of the lake), to study the effects of cyanobacteria and macrophyte activities on C and N migration and transformation in aquatic environments. The results showed that total N and total particulate N concentrations in the water of the cyanobacteria-dominant area were much higher than those in the macrophyte-dominant area, which was mainly due to the assimilated intracellular N in cyanobacteria. Macrophyte activity drove a significantly higher release of dissolved organic C (DOC) in the water than that driven by cyanobacteria activity, and the DOC contents in the water of the macrophyte-dominant area were 2.4~4.6 times the DOC contents in the cyanobacteria-dominant area. In terms of the sediments, organic matter (OM), sediment total N and N species had positive correlations and their contents were higher in the macrophyte-dominant area than in the cyanobacteria-dominant area. Sediment OM contents in the macrophyte-dominant area increased from 4.19% to 9.33% as the sediment deepened (0~10 cm), while the opposite trend was presented in the sediments of the cyanobacteria-dominant area. Sediment OM in the macrophyte-dominant area may contain a relatively high proportion of recalcitrant OC species, while sediment OM in the cyanobacteria-dominant area may contain a relatively high proportion of labile OC species. Compared with the macrophyte-dominant area, there was a relatively high richness and diversity observed in the bacterial community in the sediments in the cyanobacteria-dominant area, which may be related to the high proportion of labile OC in the OM composition in its sediments. The relative abundances of most OC-decomposing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira were higher in the sediments of the cyanobacteria-dominant area than in the macrophyte-dominant area. These bacteria in the sediments of the cyanobacteria-dominant area potentially accelerated the migration and transformation of C and N, which may supply nutrients to overlying water for the demands of cyanobacteria growth. This study enhances the understanding of the migration and transformation of C and N and the potential effects of bacterial community structures under the different primary producer habitats. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Carbon Cycle in Eutrophic Water Body)

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13 pages, 2730 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Spatiotemporal Patterns in pCO₂ and Nutrient Concentration: Implications for the CO₂ Variations in a Eutrophic Lake

by Jie Xu, Zheng Zhou, Jie Chen, Haihua Zhuo, Jie Ma and Yunbing Liu

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(19), 12150; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912150 - 25 Sep 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1404

Abstract

Lakes are considered sentinels of terrestrial environmental change. Nevertheless, our understanding of the impact of catchment anthropogenic activities on nutrients and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO₂, an important parameter in evaluating CO₂ levels in water) is still restrained by the scarcity of long-term observations. In this study, spatiotemporal variations in nutrient concentrations (total nitrogen: TN, total phosphorus: TP, nitrate: NO₃⁻–N, and ammonium: NH₄⁺–N) pCO₂ in Taihu Lake were analyzed from 1992 to 2006, along with the gross domestic product (GDP) and wastewater discharge (WD) of its catchment. The study area was divided into three zones to characterize spatial heterogeneity in water quality: the inflow river mouth zone (Liangxi River and Zhihugang River), transition zone (Meiliang Bay), and central Taihu Lake, respectively. It is abundantly obvious that external nutrient inputs from the catchment have a notable impact on the water parameters in Taihu Lake, because nutrient concentrations and pCO₂ were substantially higher in the inflow river mouth zone than in the open water of Meiliang Bay and central Taihu Lake. The GDP and WD of Taihu Lake’s catchment were significantly and positively correlated with the temporal variation in nutrient concentrations and pCO₂, indicating that catchment development activities had an impact on Taihu Lake’s water quality. In addition, pCO₂ was negatively correlated with chlorophyll a and the saturation of dissolved oxygen, but positively correlated with nutrient concentrations (e.g., TN, TP, and NH₄⁺–N) in inflow river mouth zone of Taihu Lake. The findings of this study reveal that the anthropogenic activities of the catchment not only affect the water quality of Taihu Lake but also the CO₂ concentrations. Consequently, catchment effects require consideration when modeling and estimating CO₂ emissions from the extensively human-impacted eutrophic lakes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic Carbon Cycle in Eutrophic Water Body)

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