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Horticulturae
Special Issues
Soil-Borne Obligate Parasite of Brassicaceae
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Soil-Borne Obligate Parasite of Brassicaceae

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Pathology and Disease Management (PPDM)".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2022) | Viewed by 10633

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Edel Pérez-López

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Phytology, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
Interests: clubroot; effectors; ETI; pathotyping; phytoplasmas; diagnostics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Clubroot is a devastating disease affecting plants into the Brassicaceae family worldwide. Plasmodiophora brassicae, the clubroot pathogen, is a soil-borne obligate parasite member of the eukaryotic group Rhizaria. In recent years, many important discoveries about the biology of the clubroot pathogen, the different mechanisms used to infect the susceptible hosts, the life cycle, and also the best management practices to avoid the spreading of the pathogen in the field have been done. The purpose of this Special Issue on the “Soil-Borne Obligate Parasite of Brassicaceae” is to present more of the science aiming at a better understanding of the clubroot pathogen and its relationship with the hosts.

In this Special Issue, we welcome articles (original research papers, perspectives, reviews, methods) in molecular biology, omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics), genetics, resistance, and physiology to understand the clubroot pathogen. We also welcome agronomic studies identifying better management strategies and field practices to avoid the spreading of the disease or to reduce its impact in infected fields.

Dr. Edel Pérez-López
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Plasmodiophora brassicae
  • clubroot
  • rapeseed
  • Brassicaceae
  • Arabidopsis
  • effectors
  • diagnostics
  • canola

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2534 KiB  
Article
The Occurrence of Clubroot in Colombia and Its Relationship with Climate and Agronomic Practices
by Andrea Botero-Ramírez, Fabián Leonardo Padilla-Huertas, Stephen E. Strelkov and Celsa García-Dominguez
Horticulturae 2022, 8(8), 711; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8080711 - 08 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1465
Abstract
Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is a major disease of cruciferous crops in Colombia. Limited information is available, however, regarding its distribution or epidemiology in this country. The objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence of clubroot in the main [...] Read more.
Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, is a major disease of cruciferous crops in Colombia. Limited information is available, however, regarding its distribution or epidemiology in this country. The objectives of this study were to determine the occurrence of clubroot in the main regions of Colombia where cruciferous crops are grown, and to examine the relationship between pathogen inoculum density and the likelihood of field infestation with crop management practices and climatic information. In total, 127 fields were surveyed across eight departments, the pathogen inoculum density was estimated, climatic information was obtained, and farmers were surveyed on their crop management practices. More than half (53.7%) of the fields visited were found to be clubroot-infested and pathogen DNA was detected in 91.3% of the surveyed fields. The only department where clubroot symptoms were not observed was Nariño. In infested fields, P. brassicae inoculum density varied between 3 × 102 and 1 × 106 resting spores per gram of soil, with the highest inoculum density observed in Norte de Santander. All other departments had comparable spore loads. Inoculum density positively affected the likelihood of infestation of a field, and both spore loads and infestations were positively affected by the average temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil-Borne Obligate Parasite of Brassicaceae)
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11 pages, 512 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Host Resistance, Hydrated Lime, and Weed Control to Manage Clubroot in Canola
by Brittany C. Hennig, Sheau-Fang Hwang, Victor P. Manolii, George Turnbull, Samuel V. J. Robinson and Stephen E. Strelkov
Horticulturae 2022, 8(3), 215; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8030215 - 01 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2409
Abstract
Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. is a soilborne parasite causing clubroot of canola (Brassica napus L.), a serious disease managed mostly by planting clubroot-resistant (CR) cultivars. Recently, new pathotypes of P. brassicae have emerged that overcome resistance, highlighting the need for a greater understanding [...] Read more.
Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. is a soilborne parasite causing clubroot of canola (Brassica napus L.), a serious disease managed mostly by planting clubroot-resistant (CR) cultivars. Recently, new pathotypes of P. brassicae have emerged that overcome resistance, highlighting the need for a greater understanding of resistance stewardship and an integrated approach to clubroot management. Replicated field experiments were conducted in Edmonton, AB, in 2018 and 2019, to evaluate the effect of lime application and weed management on clubroot severity, crop yield and various growth parameters in clubroot-susceptible (CS) and CR canola cultivars. P. brassicae resting spore densities were also monitored by quantitative PCR for each treatment. When hydrated lime was applied to increase the soil pH from initial values of 5.2–5.5 to 7.2, clubroot severity decreased by 34–36% in the CS canola cultivar, while seed yield increased by 70–98%. The application of hydrated lime also resulted in resting spore densities that were 48–80% lower, relative to untreated controls, in plots where the CS cultivar was grown. Lime application or management of weeds did not significantly affect spore densities in plots with the CR cultivar. The results from the field trial suggest that the application of hydrated lime may be a useful strategy to manage clubroot, when used in combination with genetic resistance to reduce disease pressure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil-Borne Obligate Parasite of Brassicaceae)
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19 pages, 3409 KiB  
Article
A Novel Target (Oxidation Resistant 2) in Arabidopsis thaliana to Reduce Clubroot Disease Symptoms via the Salicylic Acid Pathway without Growth Penalties
by Regina Mencia, Elina Welchen, Susann Auer and Jutta Ludwig-Müller
Horticulturae 2022, 8(1), 9; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8010009 - 22 Dec 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2933
Abstract
The clubroot disease (Plasmodiophora brassicae) is one of the most damaging diseases worldwide among brassica crops. Its control often relies on resistant cultivars, since the manipulation of the disease hormones, such as salicylic acid (SA) alters plant growth negatively. Alternatively, the [...] Read more.
The clubroot disease (Plasmodiophora brassicae) is one of the most damaging diseases worldwide among brassica crops. Its control often relies on resistant cultivars, since the manipulation of the disease hormones, such as salicylic acid (SA) alters plant growth negatively. Alternatively, the SA pathway can be increased by the addition of beneficial microorganisms for biocontrol. However, this potential has not been exhaustively used. In this study, a recently characterized protein Oxidation Resistant 2 (OXR2) from Arabidopsis thaliana is shown to increase the constitutive pathway of SA defense without decreasing plant growth. Plants overexpressing AtOXR2 (OXR2-OE) show strongly reduced clubroot symptoms with improved plant growth performance, in comparison to wild type plants during the course of infection. Consequently, oxr2 mutants are more susceptible to clubroot disease. P. brassicae itself was reduced in these galls as determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the transcriptional downregulation of the gene encoding a SA-methyltransferase from the pathogen in OXR2-OE plants that could contribute to the phenotype. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil-Borne Obligate Parasite of Brassicaceae)
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4 pages, 670 KiB  
Perspective
Digitalization of Clubroot Disease Index, a Long Overdue Task
by Rasha Salih and Edel Pérez-López
Horticulturae 2021, 7(8), 241; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7080241 - 12 Aug 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2976
Abstract
Clubroot is a devastating disease caused by the protist Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin. After root hair colonization, the clubroot pathogen induces clubs that block water uptake, leading to dehydration and death. The study of the severity of plant diseases is very important. It allows [...] Read more.
Clubroot is a devastating disease caused by the protist Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin. After root hair colonization, the clubroot pathogen induces clubs that block water uptake, leading to dehydration and death. The study of the severity of plant diseases is very important. It allows us to characterize the level of resistance of plant germplasm and to classify the virulence of pathogen strains or isolates. Lately, the use of learning machines and automatization has expanded to plant pathology. Fast, reliable and unbiased methods are always necessary, and with clubroot disease indexing this is not different. From this perspective, we discuss why this is the case and how we could achieve this long overdue task for clubroot disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil-Borne Obligate Parasite of Brassicaceae)
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