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Horticulturae
Special Issues
LED Lighting to Control Plants’ Growth and Development
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LED Lighting to Control Plants’ Growth and Development

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Protected Culture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 May 2024 | Viewed by 3083

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Giuseppe Carlo Modarelli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
Interests: photosynthesis; plant physiology; LED lighting; controlled environment agriculture; integrated production systems; artificial intelligence; stress physiology; abiotic stress tolerance; seedling; plant nutrition; irrigation
Dr. Laura Cammarisano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Next-Generation Horticultural Systems, Leibniz-Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (IGZ), 14979 Grossbeeren, Germany
Interests: photobiology; plant physiology; phytochemistry; controlled environment agriculture; controlled abiotic stresses
Dr. Yun Kong

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension at Dallas Center, Dallas, TX 75252, USA
Interests: controlled environment horticulture; plant ecophysiology in controlled environment; greenhouse environment adjustment; photobiology; LED lighting; soilless cultivation; horticultural crop production; organic horticulture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Qingwu (William) Meng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
Interests: controlled environment agriculture; hydroponics; photobiology; lighting; sustainable food systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Light (in terms of intensity, quality and duration) plays a crucial role in plant growth and development.

It has the fundamental role of fuelling photosynthesis while regulating circadian rhythms and affecting plants’ physiology, morphology and secondary metabolism.

LED lighting makes it possible to supply light in specific and narrow bandwidths and provides more flexibility in the management of the intensity, duration and spectral composition of light compared to other lighting technologies. This creates the possibility of finely tuning plant assimilation processes and regulating the growth and quality of horticultural and ornamental crops in Controlled Environment Agricultural (CEA) systems (greenhouses and vertical farms).

The LED lighting sector is expanding worldwide alongside new, flexible and innovative control technologies, which are helping growers to improve crop production protocols while increasing the energy efficiency and reducing the overall carbon footprint of CEA systems.

The purpose of this Special Issue, entitled “LED Lighting to Control Plants’ Growth and Development”, is to present innovative studies regarding plants’ photobiology, growth and qualitative responses in relation to LED lighting in CEA systems from supplemental lighting in greenhouses to sole source lighting in vertical farms to produce high-quality and sustainable horticultural, vegetable (including microgreens) and ornamental crops from nursery to full plant growth. Submissions of original research, reviews, mini-reviews and methods are welcome.

Dr. Giuseppe Carlo Modarelli
Dr. Laura Cammarisano
Dr. Yun Kong
Dr. Qingwu (William) Meng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • photomorphogenesis
  • daily light integrals
  • light spectral composition
  • artificial lighting
  • plant physiology
  • resource use efficiency
  • plant factory with artificial lighting

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 4054 KiB  
Article
Exploring Leaf Anthocyanin Concentrations and Light Effects on Lettuce Growth Leaf
by Peyton Lou Palsha, Marc W. van Iersel, Ryan William Dickson, Lynne Seymour, Melanie Yelton and Rhuanito Soranz Ferrarezi
Horticulturae 2024, 10(5), 437; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10050437 - 24 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites classified as water-soluble, non-photosynthetic pigments with the potential ability to shield chloroplasts from excess light energy. This study investigated the morphological and physiological responses of six lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivars with different leaf anthocyanin contents grown in [...] Read more.
Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites classified as water-soluble, non-photosynthetic pigments with the potential ability to shield chloroplasts from excess light energy. This study investigated the morphological and physiological responses of six lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivars with different leaf anthocyanin contents grown in a greenhouse under different supplemental photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD). Cultivars ‘Cherokee’, ‘Teodore’, ‘Rex’, and ‘Rouxai’ decreased in specific leaf area with increasing PPFD, respectively. We observed that growth in cultivars with higher leaf anthocyanin content (‘Cherokee’ and ‘Rouxai’) increased with increasing PPFD. Light use efficiency (LUE) is an important physiological parameter affecting biomass accumulation, and cultivars ‘Cherokee’, ‘Rex’, ‘Teodore’, and ‘Rouxai’ had the highest LUE and shoot weight. We found that red lettuce varieties, especially ‘Cherokee’ and ‘Rouxai’, showed increased shoot dry weight as light intensity increased. Interestingly, these varieties also had the highest anthocyanin levels in their leaves. This suggests that higher anthocyanin content might contribute to the increased shoot dry weight under higher light intensity, although this was mainly evident in ‘Cherokee’. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue LED Lighting to Control Plants’ Growth and Development)
22 pages, 8818 KiB  
Article
Development, Verification, and Analysis of Simple Mathematical Model of Lettuce Productivity under Different Light Conditions
by Ekaterina Sukhova, Lyubov Yudina, Yuriy Zolin, Alyona Popova and Vladimir Sukhov
Horticulturae 2023, 9(12), 1259; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9121259 - 23 Nov 2023
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Abstract
Lettuce is an important agricultural plant which is often cultivated under artificial illumination including light of light emitting diodes (LEDs). Spectrum and intensity of used illumination and duration of photoperiod can strongly influence a final lettuce biomass; their effects can be interacted. It [...] Read more.
Lettuce is an important agricultural plant which is often cultivated under artificial illumination including light of light emitting diodes (LEDs). Spectrum and intensity of used illumination and duration of photoperiod can strongly influence a final lettuce biomass; their effects can be interacted. It means that search of optimal light conditions is complicated problem for experimental investigations because numerous combinations of light conditions should be analyzed. A mathematical model of lettuce productivity can provide the potential tool for intensification of this search; earlier, we preliminarily proposed the minimal model of lettuce productivity under the LED illumination. The aim of the current work was further development, verification, and analysis of the simple mathematical model of the lettuce productivity. Dry weight of a lettuce leaf rosette was used as the main variable of the model; its changes were described as function of difference between production of biomass through assimilation and its consumption through respiration. The model was quantitively parameterized and verified on basis of our previous experimental works devoted to influence of parameters of the LED illumination on lettuce characteristics. It was shown well correspondence between experimental and simulated results. Further analysis of the developed model predicted optimal illumination conditions of the lettuce cultivation. Particularly, it showed a positive influence of gradual and step increase of the light intensity on final biomass of cultivated lettuce plants. Thus, the developed model can be used as the tool for the theoretical prediction of optimal light conditions for the lettuce cultivation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue LED Lighting to Control Plants’ Growth and Development)
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10 pages, 2881 KiB  
Article
Far-Red Light Affects Stomatal Opening and Evapotranspiration of Sweet Basil
by Ji Up Park, Seong Kwang An and Jongyun Kim
Horticulturae 2023, 9(10), 1095; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9101095 - 01 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1244
Abstract
Far-red light (FR; wavelength: 700–800 nm) is known for its effects on plant morphology and photosynthesis. However, its effects on stomatal responses and transpiration are not well understood. This study investigated the effects of FR on stomatal development and evapotranspiration in sweet basil [...] Read more.
Far-red light (FR; wavelength: 700–800 nm) is known for its effects on plant morphology and photosynthesis. However, its effects on stomatal responses and transpiration are not well understood. This study investigated the effects of FR on stomatal development and evapotranspiration in sweet basil grown under red, blue, and green (RGB) light-emitting diodes (LED). FR was provided for 10 days at 0, 30, 100, and 130 μmol·m−2·s−1 with the same base light (RGB ratio of 6:2:2; a photosynthetic photon flux density of 200 μmol·m−2·s−1). Evapotranspiration was measured using a load cell, and stomatal development was monitored microscopically. FR increased the height of sweet basil mostly due to the shade avoidance syndrome. The photosynthetic rate was not improved with FR, probably due to insufficient base light intensity. Despite similar leaf area and root growth, daily evapotranspiration increased with FR, resulting in higher water use. Although the stomatal density and guard cell area were similar across treatments, the stomatal aperture area was larger in plants with FR, thus increasing evapotranspiration. In conclusion, FR with the base RGB light intensity of 200 μmol·m−2·s−1 enhanced the evapotranspiration of sweet basil by regulating stomatal opening, but it did not enhance photosynthesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue LED Lighting to Control Plants’ Growth and Development)
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