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Advances in Wastewater Treatment 2024
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Advances in Wastewater Treatment 2024

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B: Energy and Environment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 3730

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Marin Ugrina

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21 000 Split, Croatia
Interests: environmental engineering, wastewater treatment proceses, heavy metals, sorption, zeolite, chemical modification of natural zeolite, soil and water remediation
Dr. Jelena Milojković

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Mineral Raw Materials, 86 Franchet d’Esperey St., Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: biosorption, water and wastewater treatment, environmental engineering, heavy metal pollution, material characterization, phytoremediation of uranium

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Certainly, the most significant and priceless natural resource that humans use comes from nature is water. The main source of fresh water for various purposes such as food and industrial production, human consumption, etc. is mainly groundwater. All water systems, in particular groundwater, are vulnerable since they are targets of pollution from natural, and more often anthropogenic sources, which makes them harmful to human health and the environment. Pollutants belong to various categories, from solid waste, heavy metals, organic pollutants (petroleum derivatives, dyes, etc.) to "new pollutants" such as pharmaceuticals.  In recent years, it has often been challenging to meet the required regulatory standards due to increasingly stringent requirements for maximum permissible pollutant concentrations in treated wastewater. For this reason, advanced knowledge is necessary and desirable in developing new advanced technologies or improving existing technologies at all levels of wastewater treatment (preliminary, primary, secondary and tertiary treatment). In addition to the need to obtain purified water, it is extremely important to consider the possibility of energy production (thermal, electrical) from wastewater treatment. Utilization of waste gases and sludge generated by wastewater treatment represents a sustainable approach to the cleaner energy production, contributing to the reduction of both, CO2 emissions and the use of fossil fuels. Ultimately, the production of cleaner water and energy through wastewater recycling is an important pathway to circular economy and sustainable development.

This Special Issue "Advances in Wastewater Treatment 2023" aims to collect original research papers as well as review articles on the latest developments and research efforts on this topic. We welcome experimental research, design and simulation, and environmental engineering aspects of physical, chemical and biological wastewater treatment processes and energy production.

Potential topics of interest may include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Energy conservation /recovery/production from wastewater treatment
  • Innovative water treatment process in energy generation
  • Design and operation of industrial wastewater bio-refinery
  • Assessment of industrial wastewater for future Bio-refinery
  • Electricity generation during industrial wastewater treatment
  • Physico-chemical wastewater treatment (chemical precipitation, coagulation/flocculation, adsorption, ion exchange, biosorption, disinfection)
  • Biological wastewater treatment (aerobic and anaerobic processes)
  • Batch and continuous sorption enhanced processes
  • Advanced aspects of wastewater treatment (application and development of new and alternative materials)
  • Innovative design, modeling and optimization of wastewater treatment processes
  • Electrochemical technologies (electrocoagulation/electroflocculation, electrodialysis)
  • Advanced membrane technologies (mico-, ultra-, nano-filtration, reverse osmosis)
  • Advanced oxidation processes (chemical, photochemical, sonochemical, photocatalytic processes)
  • Remediation processes
  • Sustainable green technologies
  • Development of new strategies for wastewater treatment
  • New developments in wastewater treatment technologies: the present situation
  • Future of circular economy of water – wastewater treatment
  • Other related topics

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Marin Ugrina
Dr. Jelena Milojković
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • energy production from wastewater treatment
  • physico-chemical and biological wastewater treatment
  • electrochemical technologies
  • advanced membrane technologies
  • advanced oxidation processes
  • environmentally friendly processes
  • advanced wastewater treatment

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

2 pages, 131 KiB  
Editorial
Advances in Wastewater Treatment, 2024
by Marin Ugrina and Jelena Milojković
Energies 2024, 17(6), 1400; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17061400 - 14 Mar 2024
Viewed by 563
Abstract
Water is undoubtedly the most important and invaluable natural resource that humans utilize [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wastewater Treatment 2024)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

19 pages, 1208 KiB  
Article
Performance Assessment of Venturi-Assisted Confined Tube Aerators with Varying Diameter
by Roohany Mahmud, Joseph Carpenter and David W. MacPhee
Energies 2024, 17(7), 1733; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17071733 - 04 Apr 2024
Viewed by 416
Abstract
A significant amount of energy in wastewater treatment plants is spent on aeration to treat the organic matter with microorganisms in an oxygen-enriched environment. In this study, a novel and simplistic aeration concept known as Confined Tube Aeration (CTA) is proposed, in which [...] Read more.
A significant amount of energy in wastewater treatment plants is spent on aeration to treat the organic matter with microorganisms in an oxygen-enriched environment. In this study, a novel and simplistic aeration concept known as Confined Tube Aeration (CTA) is proposed, in which the main elements are a Venturi injector and a coiled tube at its outlet. Two Venturi injector diameters were chosen for evaluation in this study, measuring 1 inch (25.4 mm) and 4 inch (101.6 mm). In this study, a relationship was developed between air suction rate and pressure differential across the injector. Then, a numerical model was developed to analyze hydrodynamic conditions and evaluate system performance. The main findings are that the larger diameter aerator performs 20% better than the smaller injector in terms of standard aeration efficiency (SAE), with a maximal value of 0.74 kgO2/kWh found for the larger diameter system. These results suggest that future SAE improvements may be made for larger diameter systems in full-scale wastewater treatment applications with suitably designed injectors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wastewater Treatment 2024)
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15 pages, 1394 KiB  
Article
Phosphorus Removal Rate and Efficiency in an Electrochemical Sequencing Reactor for the Treatment of Wastewater with Low Organic Carbon Content
by Artur Mielcarek, Kamil Łukasz Bryszewski, Joanna Rodziewicz, Karolina Kłobukowska and Wojciech Janczukowicz
Energies 2024, 17(6), 1352; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17061352 - 12 Mar 2024
Viewed by 425
Abstract
Energy is essential for the operation of wastewater treatment systems. Simultaneously, it can be a factor facilitating the electrochemical purification processes. Previous studies have shown that under specific conditions, there is no technological justification for using bio-electrochemical reactors designed for the simultaneous removal [...] Read more.
Energy is essential for the operation of wastewater treatment systems. Simultaneously, it can be a factor facilitating the electrochemical purification processes. Previous studies have shown that under specific conditions, there is no technological justification for using bio-electrochemical reactors designed for the simultaneous removal of both phosphorus and nitrogen compounds. This is because similar dephosphatation process effects can be achieved in an electrochemical reactor. Additionally, in a bio-electrochemical reactor, a portion of the organic substrate introduced for biological treatment is lost due to the electrocoagulation process. The aim of the research was to determine the influence of low direct current densities (0.4–2.0 A/m2) on the rate and efficiency of phosphorus and other compound removal in a sequencing electrochemical reactor treating real wastewater from a greenhouse with low organic compound content. In the conducted studies, an increase in electric current density resulted in an increase in the removal rates of phosphorus from 26.45 to 34.79 mg/L·h, nitrogen from 2.07 to 6.58 mg/L·h, and organic compounds from 0.44 to 1.50 mg/L·h. This corresponded to maximum removal efficiencies of 88.6 ± 2.5% for phosphorus, 7.4 ± 2.5% for nitrogen, and 51.1 ± 8.3% for organic compounds. As a result of electrocoagulation, sludge rich in phosphorus was obtained, ranging from 347 ± 38 mg/L (18.1% P) to 665 ± 36 mg/L (11.7% P). The obtained results can be utilized in the future for the development of two-stage systems for wastewater treatment with a low content of organic compounds, aiming at the removal of phosphorus and nitrogen. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wastewater Treatment 2024)
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31 pages, 9403 KiB  
Article
Treatment of Wastewater from Soil Washing with Soluble Humic Substances Using Biochars and Activated Carbon
by Mariusz Z. Gusiatin, Sylwia Pasieczna-Patkowska, Magdaléna Bálintová and Marcin Kuśmierz
Energies 2023, 16(11), 4311; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16114311 - 24 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1213
Abstract
Energy can be obtained by pyrolysis of organic wastes, and the solid residue of pyrolysis (biochar) can be used as an adsorbent for the treatment of various types of wastewater. Although soil washing can effectively remediate metal-contaminated soils, it can generate significant amounts [...] Read more.
Energy can be obtained by pyrolysis of organic wastes, and the solid residue of pyrolysis (biochar) can be used as an adsorbent for the treatment of various types of wastewater. Although soil washing can effectively remediate metal-contaminated soils, it can generate significant amounts of soil washing wastewater (SWW). This study investigated the effectiveness of using activated carbon and various biochars to treat SWW from the remediation of soil heavily contaminated with cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) with soluble humic substances (SHS) from municipal sewage sludge. Willow biochar (BW), plant biomass biochar (BPB), coconut shell biochar (BCH), and Norit SX2 activated carbon (ACN) were tested at different dosages (12.5–100 g/L) and adsorption times (30–1440 min) for the treatment of SWW. At 100 g/L dosage, biochar removed Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn with 56–83%, 32–41%, 18–42%, 75–83%, and 44–83% efficiency, respectively, while ACN removed them with 87–95% efficiency. Only BW and ACN removed soluble organics with efficiencies of 49% and 94%, respectively, at the highest dosage. Adsorption of metals and soluble organics was mainly controlled by physisorption and chemisorption. Diffusion of metals and soluble organics into the different pore sizes was not the most important rate-limiting step. ACN and BW had better structural properties and treated SWW most effectively. BPB and BCH removed metals but not soluble organics, which could be beneficial for SHS recycling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Wastewater Treatment 2024)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: The role of solar concentrator in photocatalytic wastewater treatment
Authors: Joy Sankar Roy; Younès Messaddeq
Affiliation: Laval University
Abstract: The sustainable and cost-effective wastewater treatment technology is a global challenging issue as the water pollution is increasing day by day due to rapid industrialization and expansion of population. The photocatalytic wastewater treatment is a cutting-edge and environmentally friendly technology that uses photons from light source to degrade and remove organic and inorganic contaminants from water. Thus, the photocatalysis treatment of wastewater using solar energy is a promising renewable solution to reduce stresses on global water crisis. To address this issue, the utilization of solar concentrator as the concentrated sunlight source for photo-catalysis provides a promising direction for future applications of low cost and fastest sustainable wastewater purification process. This novel technology will open new technological aspects for cost-effective sustainable rapid wastewater purification process using sunlight. Various solar concentrating systems and their potential application in wastewater treatment process have been discussed in this review article.

Title: Eco-friendly biopolymers and composites: Preparation and their applications in water-treatment
Authors: Mohanrasu Kulanthaisamy; Arun Chandra Manivannan; Haryni Jayaradhika Raguraman Rengarajan; Raji Kandaiah; Akila Ravindran; Logeshwaran Panneerselvan; Thavamani Palanisami; CI Sathish
Affiliation: Environmental and Plastic Innovation Cluster (EPIC), Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), School of Engineering, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
Abstract: Growing demand for sustainable solutions drives research into biopolymers for diverse industrial applications. The industrial revolutions discharge numerous pollutants into the environment's habitats, causing detrimental effects on aquatic and terrestrial flora and fauna. Conventional technologies employed for pollution control have limitations including, high energy requirements, inadequate pollutant removal, expensive infrastructure, limited resource retrieval, and susceptibility to environmental fluctuations. In this regard, biopolymers and composites are emerging and adsorbent materials that can eliminate a wide range of environmental pollutants. The fabrication of bio composites has notable structural features such as abundant availability (renewable sources), cost-effectiveness, non-toxicity, targeted adsorption (high surface area and versatility), biodegradability, regeneration, and reusability. The current review investigates bio composite (Chitosan, keratin, plant cellulose, bacterial cellulose and PHA) adsorption for various applications, including heavy metals, dyes, etc. Furthermore, discusses biopolymers regeneration (using various eluents) from wastewater and reusing them in diverse applications such as stream treatment, soil enhancement, cement application, and forensic science.

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