Recent Developments and Emerging Trends of New Electrical Energy Storage Systems

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Power Electronics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 8810

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Guest Editor
Department of Information Technology and Media, Mid Sweden University, 85170 Sundsvall, Sweden
Interests: power electronics; power converters; electrical energy storage
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Energy storage is a requirement for the successful introduction of the growing number of renewable energy sources into future society. Energy storage is needed for storing energy for intermittent energy production from wind and solar, as well as for the long- and medium-term. For large-scale long-time storage, i.e., days–months, hydrogen and pumped power are nowadays more cost-efficient than direct electrical storage. For shorter times (hours–days) or smaller-sized systems, battery storage systems are commonly used. Short term energy storage (seconds to minutes) will also be required to stabilize the power grid. This could be through the generation of synthetic inertia for the grid or maintaining voltage levels in rapid fluctuations in intermittent renewable energy production, e.g., when a solar power installation far out in the grid is suddenly covered by passing clouds.

This Special Issue focuses on technology that enables, improves, and reduces the cost for electric energy storage systems. Both the storage elements and power electronics for the efficient utilization of the storage elements are covered. This includes, among others, battery systems, converters for battery/supercapacitor charging and/or discharging, bidirectional power converters, and technology utilizing car batteries for the grid or personal storage (vehicle to grid). It also includes technology for combining different energy storage elements into a system in order to achieve some benefits such as supercapacitors/fuel cells, superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES)/batteries, pump power/battery, etc. The cost of electrical energy storage systems is currently very high, and cost-effective systems are very interesting, such as refurbished battery storage, low-cost energy storage elements, low cost converters, or other innovative solutions.

Prof. Dr. Kent Bertilsson
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Batteries
  • Supercapacitors
  • Bidirectional converters
  • Electrical energy storage
  • Cost effective electric energy storage
  • Refurbished battery storage
  • Electric vehicles (EVs)
  • Fuel cell power train
  • Electric mobility
  • Vehicle to grid
  • Grid stabilization
  • Synthetic inertia

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2696 KiB  
Article
Reconfigurable Battery for Charging 48 V EVs in High-Voltage Infrastructure
by Stefan Haller, Muhammad Farhan Alam and Kent Bertilsson
Electronics 2022, 11(3), 353; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11030353 - 24 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4874
Abstract
48 V is emerging as a safe-to-touch alternative voltage level for electric vehicles (EVs). Using a low- instead of a high-voltage drive train reduces isolation efforts, eliminates the risk of electric shock, and thus increases the system safety. In contrast, fast charging of [...] Read more.
48 V is emerging as a safe-to-touch alternative voltage level for electric vehicles (EVs). Using a low- instead of a high-voltage drive train reduces isolation efforts, eliminates the risk of electric shock, and thus increases the system safety. In contrast, fast charging of a 48 V battery would require very high currents and is incompatible with the widely established high-voltage electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Instead of employing additional on board power converters for fast charging, the concept of a reconfigurable battery is presented. A small-scale prototype system is designed consisting of eight 48 V lithium iron phosphate battery modules. In series configuration, they can be charged at 460 V with up to 25 A. In 48 V parallel configuration, the peak discharge current is up to 800 A. The MOSFET-based reconfiguration system also operates as a module charge balancer during high-voltage charging. The cost overhead for the reconfiguration system is estimated to 3% for a scaled-up full size EV. Due to the additional reconfiguration switch resistances, the simulation of a 48 V 75 kW electric vehicle in the World harmonized Light-duty vehicles Test Procedure showed a performance reduction of 0.24%. Full article
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20 pages, 88029 KiB  
Article
Battery Durability and Reliability under Electric Utility Grid Operations: Analysis of On-Site Reference Tests
by Matthieu Dubarry, Moe Tun, George Baure, Marc Matsuura and Richard E. Rocheleau
Electronics 2021, 10(13), 1593; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10131593 - 02 Jul 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3054
Abstract
Grid-tied energy storage will play a key role in the reduction of carbon emissions. Systems based on Li-ion batteries could be good candidates for the task, especially those using lithium titanate negative electrodes. In this work, we will present the study of seven [...] Read more.
Grid-tied energy storage will play a key role in the reduction of carbon emissions. Systems based on Li-ion batteries could be good candidates for the task, especially those using lithium titanate negative electrodes. In this work, we will present the study of seven years of usage of a lithium titanate-based battery energy storage system on an isolated island grid. We will show that, even after seven years, the modules’ capacity loss is below 10% and that overall the battery is still performing within specifications. From our results, we established a forecast based on the internal degradation mechanisms of the hottest and coldest modules to show that the battery full lifetime on the grid should easily exceed 15 years. We also identified some inaccuracies in the online capacity estimation methodology which complicates the monitoring of the system. Full article
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