Emerging Trends in Control-Oriented Modeling of Hybrid Electric Vehicles in a Connected Framework

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Systems & Control Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2021) | Viewed by 12254

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
Interests: hybrid and solar vehicles; internal combustion engines; renewable energy plants; modeling; optimization and control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In a world with serious and pressing issues about global warming and pollution, increasing demand for personal mobility, and considering actual limitations to the massive diffusion of electrical vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) represent one of the most feasible options for a transition toward a greener and more sustainable mobility. The presence of both thermal and electric machines, combined according to different and complex topologies of multiple energy sources and storage, makes the design and the control of these vehicles a very challenging task for researchers. The possibility to access the electrical grid both for recharging and for providing power, the increasing interaction with information coming from infrastructure and other vehicles, the growing diffusion of ADAS systems and of other emerging technologies add degrees of freedom and complexity to the system. Further challenges for vehicle design and control come from the emerging use of photovoltaic panels on the car and from the possibility to hybridize conventional cars, thus reducing the carbon footprint of the existing fleet. The scope of this Special Issue is therefore to document the state of the art of control-oriented modeling and design of hybrid electric vehicles, with special focus on the new emerging trends connected to new paradigms of mobility.

Specific Topics

Submissions can focus on the conceptual and applied research in topics including, but not limited to, the following:

  • Hybrid and alternative drive vehicles;
  • Energy management and control of hybrid vehicles;
  • Batteries and BMU for hybrid;
  • Control oriented modeling for HEV;
  • Studies on HEV topologies;
  • Drivability issues in HEVs;
  • Hardware-in-the-Loop applications to HEVs;
  • Fuel-cell hybrid vehicles;
  • Solar hybrid vehicles;
  • Hybridization of conventional cars.

Prof. Gianfranco Rizzo
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • hybrid vehicles
  • sustainable mobility
  • energy management
  • control-oriented modeling
  • optimal design and control
  • battery management
  • intelligent vehicles
  • autonomous vehicles
  • fuel-cell hybrid vehicles
  • solar hybrid vehicles

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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26 pages, 23717 KiB  
Article
A Comprehensive Investigation of the Properties of a Five-Phase Induction Motor Operating in Hazardous States in Various Connections of Stator Windings
by Jakub Kellner, Slavomír Kaščák, Michal Praženica and Patrik Resutík
Electronics 2021, 10(5), 609; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10050609 - 05 Mar 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2470
Abstract
This paper examines the properties of a multi-phase drive for EV (electric vehicles) and HEV (hybrid-electric vehicles) using a simulation model in the Matlab/Simulink environment and verifies the findings by experimental measurements on a real motor. The paper studies a five-phase induction motor, [...] Read more.
This paper examines the properties of a multi-phase drive for EV (electric vehicles) and HEV (hybrid-electric vehicles) using a simulation model in the Matlab/Simulink environment and verifies the findings by experimental measurements on a real motor. The paper studies a five-phase induction motor, a suitable alternative for electric vehicles, due to its better properties such as better torque, smoother ripple, better fault tolerance, and the possibility of connecting stator windings to star, pentagon, and pentagram. The fundamentals of the article are to find out how this engine behaves in fault states, which can be called hazardous states. The paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the decrease of mechanical power, torque, and power losses during motor operation without failure, in case of failure of one phase, and in case of failure of two adjacent phases and two non-adjacent phases, in different connections. In the simulations, the five-phase drive is powered from an ideal five-phase voltage source to verify the behavior of losses on the motor in fault conditions. Subsequently, the motor model is powered by a five-phase VSI, while the simulated waveforms are confirmed on a real motor, which is also powered by a five-phase VSI. The investigation results are the detection, which of the stator windings has better properties in the fault-free state and the case of fault states in operation. For which stator windings connection, it is most advantageous to design and dimension a five-phase induction motor. Full article
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19 pages, 8688 KiB  
Article
Research on the Coordinated Control of Regenerative Braking System and ABS in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Based on Composite Structure Motor
by Qiwei Xu, Chuan Zhou, Hong Huang and Xuefeng Zhang
Electronics 2021, 10(3), 223; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030223 - 20 Jan 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3487
Abstract
An antilock braking system (ABS) can ensure that the wheels are not locked during the braking process which is an important system to ensure the safety of braking. Regenerative braking is also a crucial system for hybrid vehicles and helps to improve the [...] Read more.
An antilock braking system (ABS) can ensure that the wheels are not locked during the braking process which is an important system to ensure the safety of braking. Regenerative braking is also a crucial system for hybrid vehicles and helps to improve the cruising range of the car. As such, the coordinated control of a braking system and an ABS is an important research direction. This paper researches the coordinated control of the regenerative braking system and the ABS in the hybrid vehicle based on the composite structure motor (CSM-HEV). Firstly, two new braking modes which are engine-motor coordinated braking (EMCB) and dual-motor braking (DMB) are proposed and the coordinated control model of regenerative braking and ABS is established. Then, for the purpose of optimal operating efficiency and guaranteeing the vehicle brake slip rate, a braking force distribution strategy based on predictive control algorithm is proposed. Finally, the Simulink model is established to simulate the control strategy. Results show that the slip rate can well track the target and ensure the efficient operation of the system. Compared with the normal braking mode, the braking energy recovery rate of EMCB is similar, but it can reduce the fuel loss of the engine during the braking process by 30.1%, DMB can improve the braking energy recovery efficiency by 16.78%, and the response time to track target slip is increased by 12 ms. Full article
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Review

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22 pages, 6025 KiB  
Review
A Survey on Through-the-Road Hybrid Electric Vehicles
by Gianfranco Rizzo, Shayesteh Naghinajad, Francesco Antonio Tiano and Matteo Marino
Electronics 2020, 9(5), 879; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9050879 - 25 May 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5646
Abstract
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) can be divided into three categories according to how the two propulsion systems (the thermal and the electric ones) supply the driving torque to the vehicle. When the torque is supplied only by an electric propulsion system, while the [...] Read more.
Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) can be divided into three categories according to how the two propulsion systems (the thermal and the electric ones) supply the driving torque to the vehicle. When the torque is supplied only by an electric propulsion system, while the heat engine takes care of generating the electricity needed to operate the system, it is called a hybrid-series. Conversely, when both propulsion systems provide torque, the vehicle is identified with parallel hybrid wording. Among the parallel hybrids there is a particular configuration called Through-the-Road (TTR). In this configuration, the two propulsion systems are not mechanically connected to each other, but it is precisely the road that allows hybrid propulsion. This architecture, dating back to the early twentieth century, is still used by several manufacturers and carries with it peculiar configurations and control methods. It is also a configuration that fits well with the transformation of conventional vehicles into a hybrid. The paper presents a survey of the TTR HEV solution, evidencing applications, potentialities and limits. Full article
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