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Electronics
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Recent Advances in RF and Millimeter-Wave Design Techniques
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Recent Advances in RF and Millimeter-Wave Design Techniques

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Circuit and Signal Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 5737

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Hyunchol Shin

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department Electronic Convergence Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
Interests: RF/Analog integrated circuits and systems; millimeter-wave integrated circuits; RF transceivers and systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Moon-Que Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
Interests: microwave circuit design; RF sensors; microwave energy system
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Daily life is dominated by previously unimaginable wireless applications. To realize such sophisticated wireless applications, advanced design techniques have undergone steady and solid progress in the research and development sectors, and such progress continues to be made today.

Dramatic advances have been made in fields such as next-generation RF/millimeter-wave wireless communication systems, smart radar systems, microwave sensors, RF/microwave imaging, wireless power transfer, and energy harvesting systems. These advanced, novel design techniques are actively studied and disseminated by academia and industries involved in RF/millimeter-wave devices, integrated circuits, components, antennas, modules, and sub-systems.

This Special Issue aims to highlight new research on advanced design techniques for RF and microwave circuits, systems, and antennas for various wireless and high-speed applications. Researchers are welcome to submit original manuscripts for publication in this Special Issue. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • RF and millimeter-wave circuits and systems;
  • Phased-array antenna systems;
  • Integrated antenna systems;
  • Millimeter-wave beamforming circuits and systems;
  • RF and microwave sensors and radars;
  • RF and microwave imaging;
  • Wireless power transfer and energy harvesting;
  • CMOS RF transceivers for communication and radar systems;
  • GaAs MMIC;
  • GaN power amplifiers and converters;
  • Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces;
  • Low-power millimeter-wave circuits and systems.

Prof. Dr. Hyunchol Shin
Prof. Dr. Moon-Que Lee
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • millimeter-wave
  • RFIC
  • MMIC
  • phased-array antenna
  • 5G/6G
  • RIS
  • radar
  • RF sensor
  • RF imaging
  • wireless power transfer

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 9206 KiB  
Article
A Study of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation with an Improved Monopulse Ratio Curve Using Beamforming for an Active Phased Array Antenna System
by Jinwoo Jung, Bagas Satriyotomo and Seongmin Pyo
Electronics 2023, 12(24), 4906; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12244906 - 06 Dec 2023
Viewed by 691
Abstract
When constructing a wireless communication network, the line of sight of radio waves is limited by the terrain features in a ground communication network. Also, satellite communication networks face capacity limitations and are vulnerable to jamming. Aviation communication networks can solve the above-mentioned [...] Read more.
When constructing a wireless communication network, the line of sight of radio waves is limited by the terrain features in a ground communication network. Also, satellite communication networks face capacity limitations and are vulnerable to jamming. Aviation communication networks can solve the above-mentioned problems. To construct seamless aviation communication networks, fast counterpart location estimation and efficient beam steering performance are essential. Among various techniques used for searching the counterpart’s location, the monopulse technique has the advantage of quickly estimating the location through a simplified procedure. However, the nonlinear characteristics of the monopulse ratio curve, which are inevitably caused by the general antenna beam shape, both limit the location estimation range and reduce the estimated location accuracy. To overcome these limitations, a method that improves the estimation accuracy and extends the range by correcting the sum and difference patterns using the beamforming technique of active phased array antennas was proposed. An antenna system model suitable for aviation communication networks was presented, and the proposed model was experimentally proven to be effective. An average angle error of 0.021° was observed in the estimation of the accuracy of the antenna location. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in RF and Millimeter-Wave Design Techniques)
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11 pages, 3135 KiB  
Communication
A Ka-Band Doherty Power Amplifier in a 150 nm GaN-on-SiC Technology for 5G Applications
by Alessandro Parisi, Giuseppe Papotto, Claudio Nocera, Alessandro Castorina and Giuseppe Palmisano
Electronics 2023, 12(17), 3639; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12173639 - 29 Aug 2023
Viewed by 971
Abstract
This paper presents a Ka-band three-stage power amplifier for 5G communications, which has been implemented in a 150 nm GaN-on-SiC technology and adopts a Doherty architecture. The amplifier is made up of a 50 Ω input buffer, which drives a power splitter, [...] Read more.
This paper presents a Ka-band three-stage power amplifier for 5G communications, which has been implemented in a 150 nm GaN-on-SiC technology and adopts a Doherty architecture. The amplifier is made up of a 50 Ω input buffer, which drives a power splitter, thanks to which it delivers its output power to the two power amplifier units of the Doherty topology, namely the main and auxiliary amplifier. Finally, the outputs of the two power amplifiers are properly arranged in a current combining scheme that enables the typical load modulation of the Doherty architecture, alongside allowing power combining at the final output. The proposed amplifier achieves a small signal gain of around 30 dB at 27 GHz, while providing a saturated output power of 32 dBm, with a power-added efficiency (PAE) as high as 26% and 18% at peak and 6 dB output power back-off, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in RF and Millimeter-Wave Design Techniques)
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13 pages, 8938 KiB  
Communication
A Q-Band CMOS Image-Rejection Receiver Integrated with LO and Frequency Dividers
by Hyunkyu Lee and Sanggeun Jeon
Electronics 2023, 12(14), 3069; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12143069 - 13 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1059
Abstract
This paper presents a Q-band image-rejection receiver using a 65 nm CMOS technology. For a high image-rejection ratio (IMRR), the Q-band receiver employs the Hartley architecture which consists of a Q-band low-noise amplifier, two down-conversion mixers, a 90° hybrid coupler, and two IF [...] Read more.
This paper presents a Q-band image-rejection receiver using a 65 nm CMOS technology. For a high image-rejection ratio (IMRR), the Q-band receiver employs the Hartley architecture which consists of a Q-band low-noise amplifier, two down-conversion mixers, a 90° hybrid coupler, and two IF baluns. In addition, a Q-band fundamental voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and a frequency divider chain divided by 256 are integrated into the receiver for LO. A charge injection technique is employed in the mixers to reduce the DC power while maintaining a high conversion gain and linearity. The VCO adopts a cross-coupled topology to secure stable oscillation with high output power in the Q-band. The frequency divider chain is composed of an injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) and a multi-stage current-mode logic (CML) divider to achieve a high division ratio of 256, which facilitates the LO signal locking to an external phase-locked loop. An inductive peaking is employed in the ILFD to widen the locking range. The Q-band image-rejection receiver exhibits a peak conversion gain of 16.4 dB at 43 GHz. The IMRR is no less than 35.6 dBc at the IF frequencies from 1.5 to 5 GHz. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in RF and Millimeter-Wave Design Techniques)
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13 pages, 3832 KiB  
Article
A 52-to-57 GHz CMOS Phase-Tunable Quadrature VCO Based on a Body Bias Control Technique
by Seongmin Lee, Yongho Lee and Hyunchol Shin
Electronics 2023, 12(12), 2679; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12122679 - 15 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1021
Abstract
This paper presents a 52-to-57 GHz CMOS quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) with a novel I/Q phase tuning technique based on a body bias control method. The QVCO employs an in-phase injection-coupling (IPIC) network comprising four diode-connected FETs for the quadrature phase generation. The [...] Read more.
This paper presents a 52-to-57 GHz CMOS quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) with a novel I/Q phase tuning technique based on a body bias control method. The QVCO employs an in-phase injection-coupling (IPIC) network comprising four diode-connected FETs for the quadrature phase generation. The I/Q phase error is calibrated by controlling the body bias voltage offset of the QVCO’s four core FETs. This technique effectively covers a wide range of I/Q phase error between −13.4° and +10.7°. It also minimally induces the unwanted variations in the phase noise, current dissipation, and oscillation frequency, which were found to be only 0.4 dB, 0.07%, and 36 MHz, respectively. After the IPIC-QVCO, a phase-tunable two-stage LO buffer employing a 3-bit switched-capacitor bank was added for additional phase tuning, leading to the extension of the phase tuning range up to −22.7–+20.0°. The proposed QVCO is implemented in a 40 nm RF CMOS process. The measured results show that the QVCO covers a frequency band from 52.4 to 57.6 GHz while consuming 26.2 mW. The phase noise and the figure-of-merit of the QVCO are −91.8 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset and −172.4 dBc/Hz, respectively. We also realized a fully integrated 55 GHz quadrature RF transmitter employing the phase-tunable QVCO and LO generator. The effectiveness of the proposed phase-tunable LO generator was confirmed by verifying the image rejection ratio (IRR) calibration at the RF output. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in RF and Millimeter-Wave Design Techniques)
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17 pages, 8433 KiB  
Article
Design of a 2.4 & 5.8 GHz Efficient Circularly Polarized Rectenna for Wireless Power Transfer Applications
by Xizhou Deng, Ping Yang, Shengtao Chen and Wang Ren
Electronics 2023, 12(12), 2645; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12122645 - 12 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1573
Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a novel dual-band circularly polarized rectifier antenna for collecting environmental electromagnetic energy at 2.4 and 5.8 GHz. The receiving antenna is a circularly polarized microstrip slot antenna that achieves circular polarization in the low-frequency band (2.4 GHz) and [...] Read more.
In this paper, we proposed a novel dual-band circularly polarized rectifier antenna for collecting environmental electromagnetic energy at 2.4 and 5.8 GHz. The receiving antenna is a circularly polarized microstrip slot antenna that achieves circular polarization in the low-frequency band (2.4 GHz) and high-frequency band (5.8 GHz) through the use of the “U” slot of the ground and the “L” branch of the upper patch, respectively. The antenna exhibits impedance bandwidths of 320 MHz (2.18–2.50 GHz) and 3.73 GHz (5.33–9.06 GHz) in the 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz bands, respectively, while the 3 dB axis specific bandwidths are 260 MHz (2.32–2.58 GHz) and 420 MHz (5.66–6.08 GHz), respectively. The antenna gains are 3.5 dBi and 6.2 dBi at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, respectively. Furthermore, a dual-frequency voltage doubling rectifier circuit was designed to operate with the antenna. A dual-branch matching circuit was used to achieve impedance matching between the antenna and the rectifier circuit, and the output was optimized to suppress high-order harmonics through sector branches to improve the rectification efficiency. The simulation results show that the maximum rectification efficiency of the circuit is more than 80%, with a measured efficiency of over 60%. This 2.4–5.8 GHz dual-band circularly polarized rectifier antenna has the potential to self-power low-power devices in the Internet of Things, making it a valuable contribution to the field of wireless energy harvesting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in RF and Millimeter-Wave Design Techniques)
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