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Crystals
Special Issues
Determinants of Welding Performance of Crystalline Materials
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Determinants of Welding Performance of Crystalline Materials

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 3481

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yunwu Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
Interests: fracture behavior of joint; friction-based welding and joining; mechanical joining; aluminum alloy; dissimilar material joining; simulation of welding and joining processes
Dr. Sizhe Niu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China
Interests: dissimilar materials welding; high speed joining; relationship of joint microstructure and mechanical performance; welding of high entropy alloys; post weld heat treatment
Dr. Qian Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Joining and Welding Research Institute, Osaka University, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
Interests: cold spray; additive manufacturing; welding; grain refinement; mechanical property; FEM simulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Welding and joining are an essential element in manufacturing complex structures and products, from custom products such as aircrafts, ships and medical devices to high volume products such as automobiles, appliances and microelectronics devices. Current trends in product design saw increased usage of lightweight and dissimilar materials, including metal alloys, metal matrix composites, and high entropy alloys. Performance of welds/joints as influenced by their basic properties, processing history, microstructure and operating environment is the core of welding/joining process design. This Special Issue aims to bring together theoretical, simulation and experimental studies related to scientific and/or engineering factors that affect the performance of welding/joining parts. Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

  • Advanced welding/joining technologies;
  • Welding of high entropy alloys;
  • Microstructure-strength relationships;
  • Inhomogeneity of macro- and microstructure;
  • Residual stress distribution and its formation mechanism;
  • Numerical modeling of physical or metallurgical behaviors;
  • Damage and fracture evaluation;
  • Micro-scale mechanical testing of welding zones;
  • Destructive/non-destructive characterization of weld/joint;
  • On-line joining process monitoring, quality prediction and control;
  • Post-welding treatment technology;
  • Future perspectives for welding and joining.

Dr. Yunwu Ma
Dr. Sizhe Niu
Dr. Qian Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • welding
  • joining
  • fracture
  • residual stress
  • dissimilar materials
  • high entropy alloys
  • microstructure
  • mechanical performance
  • inhomogeneity
  • modeling and simulation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 5816 KiB  
Article
Effect of Process Parameters on Arc Shape, Macroscopic Features, and Microhardness in Pulsed GMA–Additive Manufacturing
by Gang Zhang, Guanyu He, Yufen Gu and Yu Shi
Crystals 2023, 13(3), 546; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13030546 - 22 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1221
Abstract
Gas metal arc welding-based additive manufacturing (GMA–AM) is a promising, low-cost approach to fabricate large-scale and complex geometry components using layer-by-layer deposition of metals. However, the low forming accuracy of GMA–AM still limits its one-off industrial application due to the strong and nonlinear [...] Read more.
Gas metal arc welding-based additive manufacturing (GMA–AM) is a promising, low-cost approach to fabricate large-scale and complex geometry components using layer-by-layer deposition of metals. However, the low forming accuracy of GMA–AM still limits its one-off industrial application due to the strong and nonlinear interactions between arc–droplet transfer and molten pool. To fully understand the influential mechanism of this inherent interaction in the GMA–AM process to precisely control the part accuracy, the arc–droplet transfer behavior in the GMA–AM process with different current waveforms was firstly studied experimentally. The phenomena of the arc swing and the differing droplet transfer with the increase in deposited height were interpreted. The thermal force status of the molten pool and its balance boundary conditions were also theoretically analyzed. Finally, the microstructure and the hardness of the AM parts with different cooling times were tested and analyzed. The experimental results demonstrate that using the spray droplet transfer mode can generate a stable AM process under direct current application conditions, but it easily ends the AM process at the third or fourth layer deposition owing to excessive heat input. A more highly accurate deposition morphology can be obtained in one droplet per pulse mode under pulsed current application conditions, which also indicates that the AM process with a constant current welding supply is stabler and easily produces better deposition than the process with a constant voltage welding supply. With the increase in cooling time, the microstructure evolved from fine ferrite to equiaxed ferrite and to columnar ferrite combined with acicular ferrite with a lower proportion of pearlite in the vertical direction of the part, and the average hardness changed to ~168 HV (bottom), ~175 HV (middle), and ~250 HV (top). The analysis indicates that the heat accumulation of the molten pool is a critical factor that affects the deposition accuracy. To this end, a novel strategy that uses the heat accumulation to compensate for the energy formed in the molten pool is proposed to further reduce the arc heat input and weaken the heat accumulation, and its feasibility is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Determinants of Welding Performance of Crystalline Materials)
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11 pages, 5461 KiB  
Article
Narrow Gap Welding of X80 Steel Using Laser-CMT Hybrid Welding with Misaligned Laser and Arc
by Bofang Zheng, Yang Li, Sansan Ao, Xianlong Zhang, Di Zhang, Sunusi Marwana Manladan, Zhen Luo, Yue Yang and Yuanbo Bi
Crystals 2022, 12(6), 832; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12060832 - 12 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1687
Abstract
The feasibility of using laser-cold metal transfer (CMT) misaligned hybrid welding to join an X80 line-pipe steel in a narrow gap configuration was investigated. The laser beam interacted with the sidewall and its bottom at a small angle, while the CMT arc acted [...] Read more.
The feasibility of using laser-cold metal transfer (CMT) misaligned hybrid welding to join an X80 line-pipe steel in a narrow gap configuration was investigated. The laser beam interacted with the sidewall and its bottom at a small angle, while the CMT arc acted on the backside of the laser beam. The influence of the distance parameter between the laser spot and the tip of the welding wire on the formation and defects of the filled weld were investigated. Narrow gap bevel welds were performed, and the joints were tensile and had a satisfactory Charpy impact score. The tensile fracture is located in the base metal, and the impact fracture is a ductile fracture. Under this condition, the heat input could be efficiently reduced, preventing the formation of defects such as lack of fusion and reducing the number of pores. Additionally, welds with a narrow heat affect zone (HAZ) could be obtained. The results reveal that the hybrid process, as a low-heat input method, is suitable for narrow gap welding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Determinants of Welding Performance of Crystalline Materials)
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