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Crystals
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Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 2022
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Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 2022

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials for Energy Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 4692

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Shichen Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Interests: solid oxide fuel/electrolysis cell; CO2 capture membrane; Zinc-ion batteries; CO2 hydrogenation
Dr. Yongliang Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
Interests: solid oxide fuel/electrolysis cell; oxygen permeation membrane

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have gained increasing interest in recent years due to their capability of achieving high-efficiency and clean power production. Significant progress has been made in recent decades, bringing SOFCs into their early stage of commercialization. However, the promotion of this technology is still hindered by its high overall cost and quick degradation. The advancements in SOFCs are wide spread, and can be roughly categorized into three aspects: first, advancements in material optimization, including improvements in cathodes, anodes, electrolytes and interconnect materials, with enhanced performance and stability. Second, advancements in studies on the related mechanisms, including both theoretical and experimental investigations into the electrochemical processes related to SOFCs and related research on conduction mechanisms, mainly on newly evolved proton-conducting SOFCs that provide guidance for the first category. Third, manufacturing and processing development concerning the material synthesis methods, fabrication of cells, stack build-up and system configurations that helps bring SOFCs to practical application. Advancements in all three categories are discussed in the present Special Issue on “Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 2022”, which has the potential to become a comprehensive report summarizing the progress achieved over the last five years.

Dr. Shichen Sun
Dr. Yongliang Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • advancement in materials synthesis and optimization for SOFCs
  • advancement in mechanism study of SOFCs
  • advancement in manufacturing and processing development of SOFCs
  • performance improvement of SOFCs
  • stability improvements of SOFCs

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3713 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation of Heat/Flow Transfer and Thermal Stress in an Anode-Supported Planar SOFC
by Weiqiang Cai, Jinliang Yuan, Qingrong Zheng, Wanneng Yu, Zibin Yin, Zhonggang Zhang, Yuyao Pei and Shian Li
Crystals 2022, 12(12), 1697; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12121697 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1539
Abstract
To elucidate the thermofluid reacting environment and thermal stress inside a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), a three-dimensional SOFC model is implemented by using the finite element method in the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics®, which contains both a geometric model of [...] Read more.
To elucidate the thermofluid reacting environment and thermal stress inside a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), a three-dimensional SOFC model is implemented by using the finite element method in the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics®, which contains both a geometric model of the full-cell structure and a mathematical model. The mathematical model describes heat and mass transfer, electrochemical reactions, internal reforming reactions, and mechanical behaviors that occur within the cell. A parameter study is performed focusing on the inlet fuel composition, where humidified hydrogen and methane syngas (the steam-to-carbon ratio is 3) as well as the local distribution of temperature, velocity, gas concentrations, and thermal stress are predicted and presented. The simulated results show that the fuel inlet composition has a significant effect on the temperature and gas concentration distributions. The high-temperature zone of the hydrogen-fueled SOFC is located at the central part of units 5, 6, and 7, and the maximum value is about 44 K higher than that of methane syngas-fueled SOFC. The methane-reforming and electrochemical reactions in the anode active layer result in a significant concentration gradient between the anode support layer and the active layer of the methane syngas-fueled SOFC. It is also found that the thermal stress distributions of different fuel inlet compositions are rather different. The maximum stress variation gradient between electrode layers of hydrogen SOFC is larger (44.2 MPa) than that of methanol syngas SOFC (14.1 MPa), but the remaining components have a more uniform stress distribution. In addition, the electrode layer of each fuel SOFC produces a significant stress gradient in the y-axis direction, and stress extremes appear in the corner regions where adjacent assembly components are in contact. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 2022)
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13 pages, 6156 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Yttria Stabilized Bismuth Oxide by DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering (RMS) for SOFC Electrolyte
by Xiaolei Ye, Li Yang, Huan Luo, Pierre Bertrand, Alain Billard and Pascal Briois
Crystals 2022, 12(11), 1585; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111585 - 7 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1133
Abstract
In this work, the compound of Bi1.5Y0.5O3 was deposited from two metallic targets, respectively, Bi and Y; for a power fixed on the target of Y, the power on the target of Bi was adjusted in order to [...] Read more.
In this work, the compound of Bi1.5Y0.5O3 was deposited from two metallic targets, respectively, Bi and Y; for a power fixed on the target of Y, the power on the target of Bi was adjusted in order to obtain the desired composition. The effects of atomic ratio of Bi to Y and annealing temperature on the film morphology and crystal structure were investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed different crystal structure as a function of the Y content in the film after annealing at 500 °C for 2 h. The Bi1.5Y0.5O3 was obtained with the atomic ratio of Bi to Y adjusted to 3.1. An impurity phase (Bi1.55Y0.45O3, Rhombohedral) appears in the cubic Bi1.5Y0.5O3 after annealing at 600 °C. The field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) result showed that the Bi1.5Y0.5O3 film after annealing at 800 °C for 2 h is denser than the as-deposited film, despite the presence of some holes. The ionic transport properties of Bi1.5Y0.5O3 film was measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and the conductance activation energy was obtained on this basis. The synthesized Bi1.5Y0.5O3 film with higher ionic conductivity (0.13 S/cm at 650 °C) is suitable for SOFC electrolyte. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 2022)
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9 pages, 2844 KiB  
Article
Optimized Solid-State Synthesis of Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6−δ Perovskite: Implications for Efficient Synthesis of Mo-Containing SOFC Electrodes
by Hui Dong, Meiyu Wang, Yuke Liu and Zongying Han
Crystals 2022, 12(11), 1533; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst12111533 - 27 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1481
Abstract
Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6−δ (SFMO) perovskite has been considered as a promising anode candidate for solid oxide fuel cells. However, the significant inconsistency in the conductivity properties of SFMO perovskite has been reported in the literature through various synthesis [...] Read more.
Sr2Fe1.5Mo0.5O6−δ (SFMO) perovskite has been considered as a promising anode candidate for solid oxide fuel cells. However, the significant inconsistency in the conductivity properties of SFMO perovskite has been reported in the literature through various synthesis procedures, highlighting the necessity of a standard and unified synthesis process. In this work, we propose an optimized solid-state synthesis process of SFMO perovskite based on the thermal properties of the precursors. Our TG analysis indicates that the evaporation of MoO3 during sintering over 752 °C may affect the synthesis of the expected SFMO perovskite. The presence of Fe2O3 has a trap effect on MoO3, based on the TG analysis of the binary mixture. A cubically structured SFMO perovskite without a secondary phase is obtained from the as-proposed stepwise sintering program while an impurity phase of SrMoO4 is observed when adopting a direct sintering program. The as-synthesized SFMO perovskite exhibits high stability in a reducing atmosphere, which is attributed to the self-adjustment of the overall valence states of molybdenum ions and iron ions. Many pure cubically structured perovskites have been successfully synthesized using the as-proposed solid-state synthesis process, suggesting its universality for the synthesis of other Mo-containing SOFC perovskite electrodes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 2022)
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