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Coatings
Special Issues
Surface Modification and Surface Flashover Performance Enhancement
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Surface Modification and Surface Flashover Performance Enhancement

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 11130

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Cheng Zhang

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Guest Editor
High Voltage and Discharge Plasma Laboratory, Beijing International S&T Cooperation Base for Plasma Science and Energy Conversion, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: gas discharge physics; non-thermal plasma applications; surface modification technologies; plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Zhi Fang

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Guest Editor
College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
Interests: high voltage; insulation; gas discharge; non-thermal plasma
Prof. Dr. Junbo Deng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
Interests: high voltage; surface discharge; insulation; GIS
Dr. Jin Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
Interests: functional graded materials; surface modification; quantum chemical calculation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jian Wang

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Guest Editor
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China
Interests: DC GIL; metal particle; particle electrodynamics; charge accumulation; nano-composite coating; particle suppression measures
Dr. Fei Kong

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Guest Editor
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: discharge plasma application; plasma surface modification; PECVD; vacuum discharge
Dr. Chuanyang Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, United States
Interests: surface charge physics; DC surface flashover phenomena; DC PD behaviors at complex conditions
Prof. Dr. Tao Shao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
High Voltage and Discharge Plasma Laboratory, Beijing International S&T Cooperation Base for Plasma Science and Energy Conversion, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: low temperature Plasma; discharge plasma and application; plasma surface modification; plasma deposition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to invite you to submit your work to a Special Issue on “Surface Modification and Surface Flashover Performance Enhancement”. With this Special Issue, we would like to offer a better understanding and showcase the best work of surface modification methods to improve the surface flashover performance of insulating materials.

Insulating materials are widely used in many industrial devices, including power transmission line, pulsed power system, spacecraft, etc. With the increase in voltage level and the demand for compact structures, the improvement of insulation properties of insulating materials is urgent. As one of the most common insulation failure types, surface flashover usually has a lower breakdown value compared with that of a gas gap with the same dimension, due to field distortion in triple junctions and/or surface charge accumulation. Surface flashover voltage has been verified to be closely related to the surface electrical properties of insulating materials, including surface resistance and surface flashover voltage, etc. Therefore, surface modification may provide a promising approach to improve the surface flashover performance of insulating materials.

In this Special Issue, we invite researchers to present original research papers, review articles or short communications on the latest developments in the field of surface modification and surface flashover performance enhancement that will foster the continuous development of insulating material application for the benefit, in the short and medium term, of the scientific community and also of the industrial sectors. In particular, the topics of interest for this Special Issue include but are not limited to:

  • Novel design of the surface structure;
  • Magnetron sputtering, irradiation, etc.;
  • Direct fluorination, CVD coatings, etc.;
  • Plasma surface modification (etching, deposition, PECVD, etc.);
  • Novel material modification strategies;
  • Surface flashover phenomena and related mechanisms involved with interface surface charges;
  • Measurement technologies and simulations methods of interface surface charges;
  • Correlation between surface modification and surface flashover performance;
  • Simulation on surface modification for surface flashover enhancement.

Prof. Dr. Cheng Zhang
Prof. Dr. Zhi Fang
Prof. Dr. Junbo Deng
Dr. Jin Li
Dr. Jian Wang
Dr. Fei Kong
Dr. Chuanyang Li
Prof. Dr. Tao Shao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3991 KiB  
Article
Study on Adhesion Reliability and Particle Inhibition of Epoxy Resin Coating in DC GIL after Thermal Ageing Experiment
by Jian Wang, Zhe Wang, Renying Liu, Ruofan Xiao and Qingmin Li
Coatings 2022, 12(6), 858; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12060858 - 17 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1534
Abstract
The movement of metal particles is effectively inhibited when a DC GIL’s (gas-insulated transmission line) electrode is coated. This article aims to study the problem of coating falling off during GIL operation and the change in the particle-inhibitory effect after coating ageing. A [...] Read more.
The movement of metal particles is effectively inhibited when a DC GIL’s (gas-insulated transmission line) electrode is coated. This article aims to study the problem of coating falling off during GIL operation and the change in the particle-inhibitory effect after coating ageing. A closed constant temperature heating platform and a particle motion observation platform in an SF6 atmosphere were built. The epoxy resin coating was aged for 1200 h in an SF6 atmosphere at 160 °C. Pull-off and particle-lifting experiments were carried out for the samples. The experimental results show that the adhesion of the coating changes from rapid decline to slow decline, decreasing by 35.5%. The lifting voltage of particle startup gradually decreased, and the inhibition effect on particle activity decreased from 45.89% to 35.7%. The coating mass loss rate and surface morphology were tested to explain adhesion decline. Then, the dielectric constant, electrical conductivity and adhesion work between the coating and the particles, which are the key factors affecting the lifting of the particles, were measured. Compared with the adhesion work, the dielectric constant of the coating has a greater impact on the starting voltage. The dielectric constant of the coating decreases by 24.07%, and the conductivity increases, which weakens its inhibition of particles. After ageing, due to the decrease in the dielectric constant and the increase in the conductivity of the coating, the inhibition of coating on particles is weakened. This paper reveals the changes in coating adhesion reliability and particle inhibition in DC GIL, providing guidance for using and improving the performance of coatings in practical engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Modification and Surface Flashover Performance Enhancement)
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19 pages, 6796 KiB  
Article
Pollution Flashover Characteristics of Coated Insulators under Different Profiles of Coating Damage
by Ali Ahmed Salem, Kwan Yiew Lau, Wan Rahiman, Samir A. Al-Gailani, Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek, Rahisham Abd Rahman, Salem Mgammal Al-Ameri and Usman Ullah Sheikh
Coatings 2021, 11(10), 1194; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11101194 - 30 Sep 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3139
Abstract
Based on experiments and numerical analysis techniques, this paper aims to investigate the influence of the four different coating damage profiles on the performance of coated 33 kV porcelain insulator strings under polluted and clean surface conditions. The performance of the insulators coated [...] Read more.
Based on experiments and numerical analysis techniques, this paper aims to investigate the influence of the four different coating damage profiles on the performance of coated 33 kV porcelain insulator strings under polluted and clean surface conditions. The performance of the insulators coated with room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) under partial coating damage and undamaged coating was evaluated. The influence of humidity on pollution flashover was taken into consideration. The ring-shaped, fan-shaped, and random-shaped coating was applied following coating damage. The results showed that the flashover characteristic of the RTV-coated insulators had a significant difference as compared to the normal insulators. Electrical characteristics such as the flashover voltage, critical current, and surface resistance were significantly affected by coating damage distribution and humidity level on the insulators’ surface. The electric field and potential difference were analyzed as well using the finite element method (FEM). The initiation of the arc was observed to appear at the area of insulators where the electric field was the highest. It was also observed that different coating distributions of pollution and humidity levels resulted in a change in the surface pollution layer resistance and an uneven distribution of the electric field. This indicates that the coated insulators’ parameters are directly related to the coating damage distribution on the insulator surface, particularly in the presence of humidity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Modification and Surface Flashover Performance Enhancement)
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12 pages, 2507 KiB  
Article
Study on Improving Interface Performance of HVDC Composite Insulators by Plasma Etching
by Yunqi Xing, Yixuan Wang, Jiakai Chi, Haoliang Liu and Jin Li
Coatings 2020, 10(11), 1036; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111036 - 27 Oct 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1848
Abstract
High-voltage direct-current composite insulators are faced with various challenges during operation, such as creeping discharge, umbrella skirt damage, abnormal heating and insulator breakage. Among them, the aging of the interface between the core rod and the sheath is one of the important causes [...] Read more.
High-voltage direct-current composite insulators are faced with various challenges during operation, such as creeping discharge, umbrella skirt damage, abnormal heating and insulator breakage. Among them, the aging of the interface between the core rod and the sheath is one of the important causes of composite insulator failure. In order to improve the electrical resistance of the composite insulator interface, this study uses plasma etching to modify the surface of the glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin plastic to prepare the high-voltage direct-current composite insulator core rod–sheath samples. By analyzing the surface morphology of the epoxy resin, static contact angle and surface charge transfer characteristics, the control mechanism of the plasma etching treatment on the interface bonding performance and leakage current of composite insulator core rod–sheath samples were studied. The results show that proper etching time treatment can improve the trap energy level distribution and microstructure of epoxy resin and increase the discharge voltage along the surface; chemical bonding plasma etching can improve the interfacial bonding performance of core rod–sheath samples sheaths, reduce the leakage current of composite insulator core rod–sheath samples sheath specimens and improve their interfacial performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Modification and Surface Flashover Performance Enhancement)
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Review

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24 pages, 8164 KiB  
Review
Restraining Surface Charge Accumulation and Enhancing Surface Flashover Voltage through Dielectric Coating
by Jixing Sun, Sibo Song, Xiyu Li, Yunlong Lv, Jiayi Ren, Fan Ding and Changwang Guo
Coatings 2021, 11(7), 750; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070750 - 22 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1815
Abstract
A conductive metallic particle in a gas-insulated metal-enclosed system can charge through conduction or induction and move between electrodes or on insulating surfaces, which may lead to breakdown and flashover. The charge on the metallic particle and the charging time vary depending on [...] Read more.
A conductive metallic particle in a gas-insulated metal-enclosed system can charge through conduction or induction and move between electrodes or on insulating surfaces, which may lead to breakdown and flashover. The charge on the metallic particle and the charging time vary depending on the spatial electric field intensity, the particle shape, and the electrode surface coating. The charged metallic particle can move between the electrodes under the influence of the spatial electric field, and it can discharge and become electrically conductive when colliding with the electrodes, thus changing its charge. This process and its factors are mainly affected by the coating condition of the colliding electrode. In addition, the interface characteristics affect the particle when it is near the insulator. The charge transition process also changes due to the electric field strength and the particle charging state. This paper explores the impact of the coating material on particle charging characteristics, movement, and discharge. Particle charging, movement, and charge transfer in DC, AC, and superimposed electric fields are summarized. Furthermore, the effects of conductive particles on discharge characteristics are compared between coated and bare electrodes. The reviewed studies demonstrate that the coating can effectively reduce particle charge and thus the probability of discharge. The presented research results can provide theoretical support and data for studying charge transfer theory and design optimization in a gas-insulated system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Modification and Surface Flashover Performance Enhancement)
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8 pages, 842 KiB  
Review
Progress in Gas/Solid Interface Charging Phenomena
by Shakeel Akram, Jérôme Castellon and Serge Agnel
Coatings 2020, 10(12), 1184; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121184 - 03 Dec 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1616
Abstract
Surface charge accumulation in the spacer modifies local electric fields, which restricts the industrialization of high voltage direct current (HVDC) gas-insulated transmission lines (GILs). In this paper, the state of art in gas/solid interface charging physics and models, covering areas of charge measurement [...] Read more.
Surface charge accumulation in the spacer modifies local electric fields, which restricts the industrialization of high voltage direct current (HVDC) gas-insulated transmission lines (GILs). In this paper, the state of art in gas/solid interface charging physics and models, covering areas of charge measurement techniques, charge transport mechanisms, charge related DC surface flashover models, and charge control methods, is reviewed and discussed. Key issues that should be considered in future studies are summarized and proposed. The purpose of this work is to provide a brief update on the most important and latest progress in this research area, and to educate readers as to the current state of the gas-solid interface charging phenomenon, which has seen great progress in the past few years. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Surface Modification and Surface Flashover Performance Enhancement)
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