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Recent Advanced in Titanium-Based Coatings
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Recent Advanced in Titanium-Based Coatings

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Coatings for Biomedicine and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 7672

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Javier Gil

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Guest Editor
Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, C/ Josep Trueta, s/n, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: biomaterials; titanium and its alloys; shape memory alloys; dental materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Roman Perez Antoñanzas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Bioengineering Institute of Technology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
2. Basic Science Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: biomaterials; tissue engineering; bioactive ceramics; drug delivery; cell delivery; functionalization; bone regeneration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The applicability of titanium is increasing across different technological fields. Initially, these applications were mainly in the fields of aerospatial and astronautical engineering, which was soon followed by the food industry. The unique properties of titanium enabled the use of light structures with high strengths. Recently, these assets have been used for many medical applications, especially in implants and prosthetic replacements for hard tissues.

Titanium has excellent mechanical strength, low density, good corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. These properties can be modified and further improved with new coatings. Among the different desired properties, coatings have allowed the improvement of wear resistance, fatigue and corrosion–fatigue behavior, as well as the ability to interact with biological tissues. Of special relevance is the latter property, which has directed research toward the use of biofunctionalized coatings of titanium to select the cellular response, which has imbued them with bacteriostatic, as well as bactericidal, properties, or even has allowed the production of biomimetic coatings that accelerate the formation of new tissue.

This Special Issue revolves around the advances in coatings that make titanium increasingly useful in the service of both people and society.

Prof. Javier Gil
Dr. Roman Perez Antoñanzas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Bioactive
  • Functionalization
  • Osteointegration
  • Dental implants
  • Titanium

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 3867 KiB  
Article
Effect of the Nature of the Particles Released from Bone Level Dental Implants: Physicochemical and Biological Characterization
by Juan Carlos Vara, Juan Delgado, Alejandro Estrada-Martínez, Esteban Pérez-Pevida, Aritza Brizuela, Begoña Bosch, Román Pérez and Javier Gil
Coatings 2022, 12(2), 219; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020219 - 08 Feb 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1887
Abstract
The placement of bone–level dental implants can lead to the detachment of particles in the surrounding tissues due to friction with the cortical bone. In this study, 60 bone–level dental implants were placed with the same design: 30 made of commercially pure grade [...] Read more.
The placement of bone–level dental implants can lead to the detachment of particles in the surrounding tissues due to friction with the cortical bone. In this study, 60 bone–level dental implants were placed with the same design: 30 made of commercially pure grade 4 titanium and 30 made of Ti6Al4V alloy. These implants were placed in cow ribs following the company’s placement protocols. Particles detached from the dental implants were isolated and their size and specific surface area were characterized. The irregular morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Ion release to the medium was determined at different immersion times in physiological medium. Cytocompatibility studies were performed with fibroblastic and osteoblastic cells. Gene expression and cytokine release were analysed to determine the action of inflammatory cells. Particle sizes of around 15 μM were obtained in both cases. The Ti6Al4V alloy particles showed significant levels of vanadium ion release and the cytocompatibility of these particles is lower than that of commercially pure titanium. Ti6Al4V alloy presents higher levels of inflammation markers (TNFα and Il–1β) compared to that of only titanium. Therefore, there is a trend that with the alloy there is a greater toxicity and a greater pro-inflammatory response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advanced in Titanium-Based Coatings)
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13 pages, 3540 KiB  
Article
Effect of the Acid-Etching on Grit-Blasted Dental Implants to Improve Osseointegration: Histomorphometric Analysis of the Bone-Implant Contact in the Rabbit Tibia Model
by Blanca Ríos-Carrasco, Bernardo Ferreira Lemos, Mariano Herrero-Climent, F. Javier Gil Mur and Jose Vicente Ríos-Santos
Coatings 2021, 11(11), 1426; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111426 - 22 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1919
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the most reliable way to evaluate the success of an implant is by bone-to-implant contact (BIC). Recent techniques allow modifications to the implant surface that improve mechanical and biological characteristics, and also upgrade osseointegration. Objective: The aim was [...] Read more.
Previous studies have shown that the most reliable way to evaluate the success of an implant is by bone-to-implant contact (BIC). Recent techniques allow modifications to the implant surface that improve mechanical and biological characteristics, and also upgrade osseointegration. Objective: The aim was to evaluate the osseointegration in rabbit tibia of two different titanium dental implant surfaces: shot-blasted with Al2O3 (SB) and the same treatment with an acid-etching by immersion for 15 s in HCl/H2SO4 (SB + AE). Material and methods: Roughness parameters (Ra, Rt, and Rz) were determined by white light interferometer microscopy. Surface wettability was evaluated with a contact angle video-based system using water, di-iodomethane, and formamide. Surface free energy was determined by means of Owens and Wendt equations. Scanning electron microscopy equipped with X-ray microanalysis was used to study the morphology and determine the chemical composition of the surfaces. Twenty-four grade 4 titanium dental implants (Essential Klockner®) were implanted in the rabbit’s tibia, 12 for each surface treatment, using six rabbits. Six weeks later the rabbits were sacrificed and the implants were sent for histologic analysis. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) was recorded both at the time of surgery and the end of the research with each device (Osstell Mentor and Osstell ISQ). Results: The roughness measurements between the two treatments did not show statistically significant differences. However, the effect of the acid etching made the surface slightly more hydrophilic (decreasing contact angle from 74.7 for SB to 64.3 for SB + AE) and it presented a higher surface energy. The bone-to-implant contact ratio (BIC %) showed a similar tendency, with 55.18 ± 15.67 and 59.9 ± 13.15 for SB and SB + AE implants, respectively. After 6 weeks of healing, the SB + AE showed an implant stability quotient (ISQ) value of 76 ± 4.47 and the shot-blasted one an ISQ value of 75.83 ± 8.44 (no statistically significant difference). Implants with different surface properties had distinctive forms of behavior regarding osseointegration. Furthermore, the Osstell system was an invasive and reliable method to measure implant stability. Conclusion: Both surfaces of implants studied showed high osseointegration. The SB and SB + AE implants used in our study had similar behavior both in terms of BIC values and RFA. The RFA systems in Osstell Mentor and Osstell ISQ confirmed nearly perfect reproducibility and repeatability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advanced in Titanium-Based Coatings)
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13 pages, 2546 KiB  
Article
Citric Acid Passivation of Titanium Dental Implants for Minimizing Bacterial Colonization Impact
by Miquel Punset, Javi Vilarrasa, José Nart, José María Manero, Begoña Bosch, Roberto Padrós, Roman A. Perez and Javier Gil
Coatings 2021, 11(2), 214; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11020214 - 12 Feb 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2965
Abstract
Surface topography and physical-chemical properties usually play a key-role in both osseointegration improvement and bacterial colonization reduction over the surface of dental implants. The aim of this study is to compare the chemical and bacteriological behavior of two different acid passivation surface treatments [...] Read more.
Surface topography and physical-chemical properties usually play a key-role in both osseointegration improvement and bacterial colonization reduction over the surface of dental implants. The aim of this study is to compare the chemical and bacteriological behavior of two different acid passivation surface treatments on titanium c.p. grade 3 used for dental implant manufacturing. Surface roughness was evaluated using White Light Interferometry (WLI) in order to determine different roughness parameters such as average roughness (Sa), the spacing parameter (Sm) and the hybrid parameter of surface index area (SIA). Contact angle (CA) and surface free energy (SFE) were evaluated in order to establish the surface wettability of the different groups of samples. Titanium ion-release from the different samples was also been analyzed in Hank’s solution medium at 37 °C by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) at different immersion times. Bacterial viability adhesion assays were done using S. sanguinis (CECT 480, Spain) as a bacterial strain model of primary colonizer in oral biofilm formation. The bacteria attachment and morphology on Ti surfaces were determined using a live/dead staining method after 4 h of incubation and further analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Acid passivation surface treatments produced a statistically-significant (p < 0.05) roughness increase in all the evaluated parameters (Sa, Sm, SAI). The treatment with citric acid decreased the static contact angle (CA) and caused an increase in surface free energy (SFE) with a high polarization and oxidizing character. These physical-chemical surface characteristics obtained by means of citric acid passivation caused the bactericidal behavior as it has been proved in bacterial studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advanced in Titanium-Based Coatings)
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