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Coatings
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PVD/CVD Deposition Processes, Coatings Characterization and Coatings Failure Analysis
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PVD/CVD Deposition Processes, Coatings Characterization and Coatings Failure Analysis

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 12580

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Francisco J. G. Silva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, ISEP–School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
Interests: tribology; coatings; manufacturing processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

PVD and CVD are sustainable and environmentally friendly processes which are able to improve the lifespan of surfaces or give them a more suitable look regarding application. Despite more than five decades of exploring PVD and CVD deposition techniques, these techniques evolve constantly, trying to fulfill the market requirements. Regarding the huge number of researchers involved in research and development directly related to PVD and CVD techniques, as well as to the improvement of coatings characteristics, this Special Issue will try to collect important contributions related, though not limited, to the topics announced. High-quality, novel researches are very welcome, as well as reviews on the aforementioned topics. Recent new coatings formulations and systems, laboratory works, traditional and novel applications, coatings failure analysis, reports in extended coatings lifespan, wear mechanisms affecting coated surfaces, and failure mechanisms affecting coatings in the most diverse applications are very welcome in this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Francisco J. G. Silva
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • PVD process
  • CVS process
  • Coatings characterization
  • Monolayered coatings
  • Multi-layered coatings
  • Nano-structured coatings
  • Deposition optimization
  • Deposition parameters
  • Novel coatings
  • Hard coatings
  • Super-hard coatings
  • Decorative coatings
  • Self-lubricated coatings
  • Coatings applications
  • Tailor-made coatings
  • Coatings failure analysis
  • Wear mechanisms on coated surfaces
  • Coated tools failure analysis
  • Simulation in deposition processes
  • Simulation in coatings failure analysis
  • Reviews on coatings

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 6664 KiB  
Article
Wear Characterization of Chromium PVD Coatings on Polymeric Substrate for Automotive Optical Components
by Andresa Baptista, Gustavo Pinto, Francisco J. G. Silva, Andreia A. Ferreira, Arnaldo G. Pinto and Vitor F. C. Sousa
Coatings 2021, 11(5), 555; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11050555 - 08 May 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2969
Abstract
The automotive industry is a pioneer in solutions that meet market expectations. However, in the automotive industry, some less environmentally friendly technologies are still used, such as electroplating. Due to legislative restrictions in several countries, thin coatings made in a vacuum have been [...] Read more.
The automotive industry is a pioneer in solutions that meet market expectations. However, in the automotive industry, some less environmentally friendly technologies are still used, such as electroplating. Due to legislative restrictions in several countries, thin coatings made in a vacuum have been replacing coatings traditionally made by electroplating, mainly in decorative terms. This work is more focused on the use of these coatings made in vacuum for optical applications, namely on headlights and exterior backlit components. Although these components are protected during the period of use, there may be situations of contact during the assembly of the components or their repair, necessary to safeguard and to ensure that these coatings have the scratch and wear resistance needed to withstand any treatment deficiency during the operations referred to above. Therefore, this work is essentially focused on the study of the wear resistance of Cr coatings made by PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) on polymeric substrates. To this end, the coatings previously studied have now been subjected to micro-abrasion tests, with a view to assessing their wear resistance. For this purpose, alumina abrasive has been used, and the wear mechanisms observed in the coatings were studied. The abrasion and scratch tests showed that the most stable film has the one provided with 10-layers, showing greater wear resistance as well, greater adhesion to the substrate and less cohesive failures in the performed tests. Given the nature of the substrate and the coating, the results obtained are very promising, showing that these 10-layer Cr thin coatings can overcome any careless operation during manufacturing, assembly and repair processes, when applied in lightning or backlit components in motor vehicles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PVD/CVD Deposition Processes, Coatings Characterization and Coatings Failure Analysis)
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21 pages, 9026 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Thin Chromium Coatings Produced by PVD Sputtering for Optical Applications
by Andreia A. Ferreira, Francisco J. G. Silva, Arnaldo G. Pinto and Vitor F. C. Sousa
Coatings 2021, 11(2), 215; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11020215 - 12 Feb 2021
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 3936
Abstract
PVD (physical vapor deposition) and CVD (chemical vapor deposition) have gained greater significance in the last two decades with the mandatory shift from electrodeposition processes to clean deposition processes due to environmental, public safety, and health concerns. Due to the frequent use of [...] Read more.
PVD (physical vapor deposition) and CVD (chemical vapor deposition) have gained greater significance in the last two decades with the mandatory shift from electrodeposition processes to clean deposition processes due to environmental, public safety, and health concerns. Due to the frequent use of coatings in several industrial sectors, the importance of studying the chromium coating processes through PVD–sputtering can be realized, investing in a real alternative to electroplated hexavalent chromium, usually denominated by chromium 6, regularly applied in electrodeposition processes of optical products in the automotive industry. At an early stage, experimental tests were carried out to understand which parameters are most suitable for obtaining chromium coatings with optical properties. To study the coating in a broad way, thickness and roughness analysis of the coatings obtained using SEM and AFM, adhesion analyzes with the scratch-test and transmittance by spectrophotometry were carried out. It was possible to determine that the roughness and transmittance decreased with the increase in the number of layers, the thickness of the coating increased linearly, and the adhesion and resistance to climatic tests remained positive throughout the study. Thus, this study allows for the understanding that thin multilayered Cr coatings can be applied successfully to polymeric substrates regarding optical applications in the automotive industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PVD/CVD Deposition Processes, Coatings Characterization and Coatings Failure Analysis)
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16 pages, 8009 KiB  
Article
Effect of Substrate Strain, Aluminum Thickness and Corona Pretreatment on the Electrical Resistance of Physical Vapor Deposited Aluminum Coatings
by Martina Lindner
Coatings 2020, 10(12), 1245; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10121245 - 17 Dec 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2538
Abstract
Aluminum coatings applied to polymer films by physical vapor deposition should be defect-free for applications such as packaging and electronic devices. However, cracks can appear in the aluminum coating as the polymer film stretches, becoming manifest as an increase in resistance. We evaluated [...] Read more.
Aluminum coatings applied to polymer films by physical vapor deposition should be defect-free for applications such as packaging and electronic devices. However, cracks can appear in the aluminum coating as the polymer film stretches, becoming manifest as an increase in resistance. We evaluated the effect of different aluminum thicknesses (10–85 nm), polymer films (polyethylene terephthalate or polypropylene), and corona doses (0–280 W∙min/m2) on the relative increase in resistance during stretching (strain = 0–100%). We found that the thickness of the aluminum coating was inversely related to the increase in resistance. Corona pretreatment led to an increase in surface energy (≤40 mN/m for polypropylene; ≤50 mN/m for polyethylene terephthalate) although high corona doses resulted in overtreatment, which limited the adhesion of aluminum to the substrate and led to a greater increase in resistance. Varying the coating thickness had a much greater effect than the corona pretreatment, suggesting that thicker aluminum coatings are more effective than corona pretreatment as a strategy to increase coating stability. The effect of aluminum thickness and strain on resistance was described using a fit function containing three fit factors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PVD/CVD Deposition Processes, Coatings Characterization and Coatings Failure Analysis)
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19 pages, 10077 KiB  
Article
Simulation of Magnetic-Field-Induced Ion Motion in Vacuum Arc Deposition for Inner Surfaces of Tubular Workpiece
by Tiancheng Wang, Yulei Yang, Tianmin Shao, Bingxue Cheng, Qian Zhao and Hongfei Shang
Coatings 2020, 10(11), 1053; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111053 - 30 Oct 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1964
Abstract
A simulation of magnetic-field-induced ion motion in vacuum arc deposition for the inner surfaces of a tubular workpiece was performed. An auxiliary magnetic field was set to guide the motion of ions inside a pipe, with different magnetic flux densities and ion emission [...] Read more.
A simulation of magnetic-field-induced ion motion in vacuum arc deposition for the inner surfaces of a tubular workpiece was performed. An auxiliary magnetic field was set to guide the motion of ions inside a pipe, with different magnetic flux densities and ion emission parameters. The results showed the trajectories, deposition ratio and depth of the ions can be controlled via a magnetic field. Within a certain range, the deposition ratio of the ions increases with magnetic flux density. When the magnetic flux density reached a certain value, both the trajectories and deposition ratio of the ions exhibited an obvious periodicity. The depth at which the ions were deposited decreased as an exponential function of the magnetic flux density and ion emission radius, respectively. With an increase in the emission angle, the deposition depth decreased linearly. A numerical model was proposed to express the distribution of the deposition depth. In addition, the deposition ratio and depth are improved with a magnetic field in an environment with a certain density of neutral gas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue PVD/CVD Deposition Processes, Coatings Characterization and Coatings Failure Analysis)
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