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Cancers
Special Issues
Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors
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Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 10577

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mara Cirone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
Interests: herpesviruses; viral oncology; autophagy and unfolded protein response
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gabriella D’Orazi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, University G. D’Annunzio, 66013 Chieti, Italy
2. Department of Research, Unit of Cellular Network and Therapeutic Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
Interests: tumor biology; molecular oncology; onco-suppressor p53; autophagy; hypoxia; oxidative stress; tumor microenvironment; glioblastoma; personalized medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of Cancers entitled “Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors”.

Cancer is among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Despite advances in cancer treatments, the development of drug resistance often occurs enabling cancer cells to avoid senescence or apoptosis and inducing disease recurrence and progression. Several different molecular pathways have been implicated in the development of resistance, including those regulating stress responses, such as autophagy, unfolded protein response (UPR), DNA damage response (DDR), antioxidant response, and heat shock response (HSR). Unfortunately, following the inhibition of one of the oncogenic pathways, cancer cells may hyperactivate others to keep surviving. Therefore, to combat drug resistance, combination therapies targeting several molecular pathways and their-induced protective processes seem to be more promising than a single targeted therapy especially if they result also in anti-cancer immune activation.

This Special Issue aims to collect research articles, Reviews and Communications focused on (but not limited to) experimental studies in the research area of chemoresistance and combination therapies with inhibitors to overcome or prevent potential drug resistance.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Mara Cirone
Dr. Gabriella D’Orazi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

4 pages, 198 KiB  
Editorial
Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors (Volume I)
by Gabriella D’Orazi and Mara Cirone
Cancers 2024, 16(3), 607; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16030607 - 31 Jan 2024
Viewed by 471
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of death globally, accounting for 10 million deaths in 2020 [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

19 pages, 11790 KiB  
Article
The Role of ZNF275/AKT Pathway in Carcinogenesis and Cisplatin Chemosensitivity of Cervical Cancer Using Patient-Derived Xenograft Models
by Miaomiao Ye, Tingxian Liu, Liqing Miao, Shuangwei Zou, Huihui Ji, Jian’an Zhang and Xueqiong Zhu
Cancers 2023, 15(23), 5625; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15235625 - 28 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 717
Abstract
Zinc finger protein 275 (ZNF275) is a C2H2-type transcription factor that is localized on chromosome Xq28. Whether ZNF275 participates in modulating the biological behaviors of cervical cancer has not been determined to our knowledge. The present study employed CCK-8, BrdU, flow cytometry, and [...] Read more.
Zinc finger protein 275 (ZNF275) is a C2H2-type transcription factor that is localized on chromosome Xq28. Whether ZNF275 participates in modulating the biological behaviors of cervical cancer has not been determined to our knowledge. The present study employed CCK-8, BrdU, flow cytometry, and a transwell assay to investigate the cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells. The application of Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) aims to assess ZNF275 protein expression and identify the signaling pathway relevant to ZNF275-mediated effects on cervical cancer. The therapeutic impact of the combined therapy of the AKT inhibitor triciribine and cisplatin was evaluated on cervical cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models expressing high ZNF275. The current research illustrated that cervical cancer tissue exhibited a higher expression of ZNF275 in contrast to the surrounding normal cervical tissue. The downregulation of ZNF275 suppressed cell viability, migration, and invasion, and facilitated the apoptosis of SiHa and HeLa cells via weakening AKT/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. Moreover, triciribine synergized with cisplatin to reduce cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and enhanced the apoptosis of SiHa cells expressing high ZNF275. In addition, the combination treatment of triciribine and cisplatin was more effective in inducing tumor regression than single agents in cervical cancer PDX models expressing high ZNF275. Collectively, the current findings demonstrated that ZNF275 serves as a sufficiently predictive indicator of the therapeutic effectiveness of the combined treatment of triciribine and cisplatin on cervical cancer. Combining triciribine with cisplatin greatly broadens the therapeutic options for cervical cancer expressing high ZNF275, but further research is needed to confirm these results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors)
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16 pages, 1231 KiB  
Article
Therapies beyond Physiological Barriers and Drug Resistance: A Pilot Study and Review of the Literature Investigating If Intrathecal Trastuzumab and New Treatment Options Can Improve Oncologic Outcomes in Leptomeningeal Metastases from HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
by Oana Gabriela Trifănescu, Dan Mitrea, Laurenția Nicoleta Galeș, Ana Ciornei, Mihai-Andrei Păun, Ioana Butnariu, Raluca Alexandra Trifănescu, Natalia Motaș, Radu Valeriu Toma, Liviu Bîlteanu, Mirela Gherghe and Rodica Maricela Anghel
Cancers 2023, 15(9), 2508; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15092508 - 27 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1418
Abstract
Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) are a rare but rapidly fatal complication defined by the spread of tumor cells within the leptomeninges and the subarachnoid space, found in approximately 10% of patients with HER2-positive breast cancers. This pilot study evaluated the efficacy of local treatment [...] Read more.
Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) are a rare but rapidly fatal complication defined by the spread of tumor cells within the leptomeninges and the subarachnoid space, found in approximately 10% of patients with HER2-positive breast cancers. This pilot study evaluated the efficacy of local treatment with intrathecal Trastuzumab (IT) added to systemic treatment. The oncologic outcome of 14 patients with HER2-positive LM is reported. Seven received IT, and seven received standard of care (SOC). The mean number of IT cycles administered was 12.14 ± 4.00. The response rate to CNS after IT treatment + SOC was 71.4%, and three patients (42.8%) obtained durable responses lasting more than 12 months. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) after LM diagnosis was six months, and the median overall survival (mOS) was ten months. The mean values of the PFS in favor of IT therapy (10.6 mo vs. 6.6 mo) and OS (13.7 vs. 9.3 mo) suggest a non-negligible investigation direction in the sense of exploiting intrathecal administration as a possible treatment modality in these patients. Adverse events reported were local pain related to intrathecal administration and one case of arachnoiditis, hematoma, and CSF fistulae. Intrathecal administration of Trastuzumab, alongside systemic treatment and radiotherapy, might improve oncologic outcomes in LM HER2-positive breast cancer with manageable toxicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors)
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22 pages, 3469 KiB  
Article
Targeted Therapy with PI3K, PARP, and WEE1 Inhibitors and Radiotherapy in HPV Positive and Negative Tonsillar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines Reveals Synergy while Effects with APR-246 Are Limited
by Karin Byskata, Monika Lukoseviciute, Filippo Tuti, Mark Zupancic, Ourania N. Kostopoulou, Stefan Holzhauser and Tina Dalianis
Cancers 2023, 15(1), 93; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010093 - 23 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1807
Abstract
Human papillomavirus positive (HPV+) tonsillar and base of tongue cancer (TSCC/BOTSCC) is rising in incidence, but chemoradiotherapy is not curative for all. Therefore, targeted therapy with PI3K (BYL719), PARP (BMN-673), and WEE1 (MK-1775) inhibitors alone or combined was pursued with or [...] Read more.
Human papillomavirus positive (HPV+) tonsillar and base of tongue cancer (TSCC/BOTSCC) is rising in incidence, but chemoradiotherapy is not curative for all. Therefore, targeted therapy with PI3K (BYL719), PARP (BMN-673), and WEE1 (MK-1775) inhibitors alone or combined was pursued with or without 10 Gy and their effects were analyzed by viability, proliferation, and cytotoxicity assays on the TSCC/BOTSCC cell lines HPV+ UPCI-SCC-154 and HPV− UT-SCC-60A. Effective single drug/10 Gy combinations were validated on additional TSCC lines. Finally, APR-246 was assessed on several TSCC/BOTSCC cell lines. BYL719, BMN-673, and MK-1775 treatments induced dose dependent responses in HPV+ UPCI-SCC-154 and HPV− UT-SCC-60A and when combined with 10 Gy, synergistic effects were disclosed, as was also the case upon validation. Using BYL719/BMN-673, BYL719/MK-1775, or BMN-673/MK-1775 combinations on HPV+ UPCI-SCC-154 and HPV− UT-SCC-60A also induced synergy compared to single drug administrations, but adding 10 Gy to these synergistic drug combinations had no further major effects. Low APR-246 concentrations had limited usefulness. To conclude, synergistic effects were disclosed when complementing single BYL719 BMN-673 and MK-1775 administrations with 10 Gy or when combining the inhibitors, while adding 10 Gy to the latter did not further enhance their already additive/synergistic effects. APR-246 was suboptimal in the present context. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors)
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Review

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16 pages, 980 KiB  
Review
Crosstalk between Microtubule Stabilizing Agents and Prostate Cancer
by Qiao-Hong Chen
Cancers 2023, 15(13), 3308; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15133308 - 23 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1124
Abstract
A variety of microtubule-stabilizing cytotoxic agents (MSA) with diverse chemical scaffolds have been discovered from marine sponges, microorganisms, and plants. Two MSAs, docetaxel and cabazitaxel, are the exclusive chemotherapeutics that convey a survival benefit in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Additional MSAs [...] Read more.
A variety of microtubule-stabilizing cytotoxic agents (MSA) with diverse chemical scaffolds have been discovered from marine sponges, microorganisms, and plants. Two MSAs, docetaxel and cabazitaxel, are the exclusive chemotherapeutics that convey a survival benefit in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Additional MSAs have been investigated for their potential in treating prostate cancer in both clinical and preclinical settings. Independent of promoting mitotic arrest, MSAs can suppress the nuclear accumulation of androgen receptor (AR), which is the driving force for prostate cancer cell growth and progression. The alternative mechanism not only helps to better understand the clinical efficacy of docetaxel and cabazitaxel for AR-driven CRPC but also provides an avenue to seek better treatments for various forms of prostate cancer. The dual mechanisms of action enable MSAs to suppress AR-null prostate cancer cell proliferation by cell mitosis pathway and to interfere with the AR signaling pathway in AR positive cells. MSA chemotherapeutics, being administered alone or in combination with other therapeutics, may serve as the optimal therapeutic option for patients with either castration-sensitive or castration-resistant prostate cancer. This review provides an overview of the anti-prostate cancer profiles (including preclinical and clinical studies, and clinical use) of diverse MSAs, as well as the mechanism of action. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors)
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18 pages, 1359 KiB  
Review
HIPK2 as a Novel Regulator of Fibrosis
by Alessia Garufi, Giuseppa Pistritto and Gabriella D’Orazi
Cancers 2023, 15(4), 1059; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15041059 - 07 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2327
Abstract
Fibrosis is an unmet medical problem due to a lack of evident biomarkers to help develop efficient targeted therapies. Fibrosis can affect almost every organ and eventually induce organ failure. Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) is a protein kinase that controls several molecular [...] Read more.
Fibrosis is an unmet medical problem due to a lack of evident biomarkers to help develop efficient targeted therapies. Fibrosis can affect almost every organ and eventually induce organ failure. Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) is a protein kinase that controls several molecular pathways involved in cell death and development and it has been extensively studied, mainly in the cancer biology field. Recently, a role for HIPK2 has been highlighted in tissue fibrosis. Thus, HIPK2 regulates several pro-fibrotic pathways such as Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and Notch involved in renal, pulmonary, liver and cardiac fibrosis. These findings suggest a wider role for HIPK2 in tissue physiopathology and highlight HIPK2 as a promising target for therapeutic purposes in fibrosis. Here, we will summarize the recent studies showing the involvement of HIPK2 as a novel regulator of fibrosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors)
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10 pages, 473 KiB  
Review
PARP Inhibitors and Proteins Interacting with SLX4
by Lars Petter Jordheim
Cancers 2023, 15(3), 997; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030997 - 03 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2100
Abstract
PARP inhibitors are small molecules currently used with success in the treatment of certain cancer patients. Their action was first shown to be specific to cells with DNA repair deficiencies, such as BRCA-mutant cancers. However, recent work has suggested clinical interest of these [...] Read more.
PARP inhibitors are small molecules currently used with success in the treatment of certain cancer patients. Their action was first shown to be specific to cells with DNA repair deficiencies, such as BRCA-mutant cancers. However, recent work has suggested clinical interest of these drugs beyond this group of patients. Preclinical data on relationships between the activity of PARP inhibitors and other proteins involved in DNA repair exist, and this review will only highlight findings on the SLX4 protein and its interacting protein partners. As suggested from these available data and depending on further validations, new treatment strategies could be developed in order to broaden the use for PARP inhibitors in cancer patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cancer Chemotherapy: Combination with Inhibitors)
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