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Biomolecules
Special Issues
New Biomarkers in Solid Organ Transplantation
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New Biomarkers in Solid Organ Transplantation

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biomarkers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2022) | Viewed by 5627

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Marny Fedrigo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
Interests: heart and kidney transplantation; antibody mediated rejection; complement and DSA antibody; vasculitis; biomarkers mRNA; miRNA; systemic and cardiac amyloidosis; congenital heart diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Transplantation remains the most important therapeutic option for end-stage diseases worldwide, but chronic allograft rejection remains a meaningful issue leading to allograft loss of the most frequent solid organ transplantation. Preventing acute disease during the first year post-transplant is the major goal to reduce the risk of chronic rejection. Moreover, new technological approaches in molecular research have already enabled important improvements towards personalized transplantation. Both aims will allow the assessment of an individual patient’s risk of allograft damage or, on the contrary, the recipient’s accommodation of the immune response.

Transplantation biomarkers are used to reduce patient morbidity in the setting of rejection, infection or neoplasm risk, ultimately to improve long-term allograft function and life expectancy.

New biomarkers were discovered in the last year, and they have increased significantly the capacity to prevent rejection. Many papers have described and demonstrated quite high specificity and low sensitivity in the blood. On the contrary, the evaluation of biomarkers on tissue (solid organ biopsy) has increased the sensitivity and specificity due to better correlation of genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic information from donor and recipient with morphological and clinical phenotypes.

The aim of this Special Issue is to illustrate how the new biomarkers could change the follow-up and survival of patients undergoing solid organ transplant.

Dr. Marny Fedrigo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • liquid biopsy
  • rejection
  • biopsy
  • infections
  • neoplasms
  • new biomarkers

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3155 KiB  
Article
Molecular Profiling of Tissue Samples with Chronic Rejection from Patients with Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction: A Pilot Study in Cystic Fibrosis Patients
by Francesca Lunardi, Daniela Isabel Abbrescia, Luca Vedovelli, Federica Pezzuto, Francesco Fortarezza, Giovanni Maria Comacchio, Vincenza Guzzardo, Pia Ferrigno, Monica Loy, Chiara Giraudo, Anna Sara Fraia, Eleonora Faccioli, Fausto Braccioni, Emanuele Cozzi, Dario Gregori, Geert M. Verleden, Fiorella Calabrese, Francesco Paolo Schena and Federico Rea
Biomolecules 2023, 13(1), 97; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13010097 - 03 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1790
Abstract
Chronic rejection (CR) is the main culprit for reduced survival and quality of life in patients undergoing lung transplantation (Ltx). High-throughput approaches have been used to unveil the molecular pathways of CR, mainly in the blood and/or in bronchoalveolar lavage. We hypothesized that [...] Read more.
Chronic rejection (CR) is the main culprit for reduced survival and quality of life in patients undergoing lung transplantation (Ltx). High-throughput approaches have been used to unveil the molecular pathways of CR, mainly in the blood and/or in bronchoalveolar lavage. We hypothesized that a distinct molecular signature characterizes the biopsies of recipients with clinically confirmed histological signs of CR. Eighteen cystic fibrosis patients were included in the study and RNA sequencing was performed in 35 scheduled transbronchial biopsies (TBBs): 5 with acute cellular rejection, 9 with CR, and 13 without any sign of post-LTx complication at the time of biopsy; 8 donor lung samples were used as controls. Three networks with 33, 26, and 36 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in TBBs with CR. Among these, seven genes were common to the identified pathways and possibly linked to CR and five of them (LCN2, CCL11, CX3CL1, CXCL12, MUC4) were confirmed by real-time PCR. Immunohistochemistry was significant for LCN2 and MUC4. This study identified a typical gene expression pattern in TBBs with histological signs of CR and the LCN2 gene appeared to play a central role. Thus, it could be crucial in CR pathophysiology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Biomarkers in Solid Organ Transplantation)
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17 pages, 3301 KiB  
Article
Concurrent Change in Serum Cholinesterase Activity and Midregional-Proadrennomedullin Level Could Predict Patient Outcome following Liver Transplantation
by Sebastian O. Decker, Albert Krüger, Henryk Wilk, Florian Uhle, Thomas Bruckner, Stefan Hofer, Markus A. Weigand, Thorsten Brenner and Aleksandar R. Zivkovic
Biomolecules 2022, 12(7), 989; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12070989 - 15 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1407
Abstract
Background: After liver transplantation (LTX), patients are susceptible to opportunistic infections resulting in reduced outcomes within the early post-transplantation period. The postoperative monitoring of LTX patients has gained much importance in recent years. However, reliable plasmatic markers predicting 90-day outcomes are still lacking. [...] Read more.
Background: After liver transplantation (LTX), patients are susceptible to opportunistic infections resulting in reduced outcomes within the early post-transplantation period. The postoperative monitoring of LTX patients has gained much importance in recent years. However, reliable plasmatic markers predicting 90-day outcomes are still lacking. Methods: In the post hoc analysis of a prospective, observational study, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), mid-regional proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM), as well as conventional inflammatory markers (procalcitonin, C-reactive protein) were evaluated in 93 patients at seven consecutive timepoints within the first 28 days following LTX. Results: Persistently reduced activity of BChE and elevated MR-proADM levels indicated reduced 90-day survival following LTX. Furthermore, reduced BChE and increased MR-proADM activity could indicate early post-transplantation bacterial infections, whereas conventional inflammatory biomarkers showed no diagnostic efficacy within the observation period. Conclusion: Concurrent assessment of BChE and MR-proADM activity might serve as a bedside diagnostic tool for early bacterial infections following liver transplantation. Thus, a combined utilization of the two biomarkers may be a useful tool in the risk evaluation of patients following liver transplantation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Biomarkers in Solid Organ Transplantation)
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Review

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16 pages, 1724 KiB  
Review
A Review of Biomarkers of Cardiac Allograft Rejection: Toward an Integrated Diagnosis of Rejection
by Guillaume Coutance, Eva Desiré and Jean-Paul Duong Van Huyen
Biomolecules 2022, 12(8), 1135; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12081135 - 18 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2031
Abstract
Despite major advances in immunosuppression, allograft rejection remains an important complication after heart transplantation, and it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The gold standard invasive strategy to monitor and diagnose cardiac allograft rejection, based on the pathologic evaluation of endomyocardial biopsies, [...] Read more.
Despite major advances in immunosuppression, allograft rejection remains an important complication after heart transplantation, and it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The gold standard invasive strategy to monitor and diagnose cardiac allograft rejection, based on the pathologic evaluation of endomyocardial biopsies, suffers from many limitations including the low prevalence of rejection, sample bias, high inter-observer variability, and international working formulations based on arbitrary cut-offs that simplify the landscape of rejection. The development of innovative diagnostic and prognostic strategies—integrating conventional histology, molecular profiling of allograft biopsy, and the discovery of new tissue or circulating biomarkers—is one of the major challenges of translational medicine in solid organ transplantation, and particularly in heart transplantation. Major advances in the field of biomarkers of rejection have paved the way for a paradigm shift in the monitoring and diagnosis of cardiac allograft rejection. We review the recent developments in the field, including non-invasive biomarkers to minimize the number of protocol endomyocardial biopsies and tissue biomarkers as companion tools of pathology to refine the diagnosis of cardiac rejection. Finally, we discuss the potential role of these biomarkers to provide an integrated bio-histomolecular diagnosis of cardiac allograft rejection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Biomarkers in Solid Organ Transplantation)
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