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Novel Insights of Bone Repair: Strategies for Improvement, Microscopic, Molecular...
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Novel Insights of Bone Repair: Strategies for Improvement, Microscopic, Molecular and Ultrastrastructural Aspects

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 2390

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Roberta Okamoto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Basic Sciences Department, São Paulo State University, Aracatuba 16018-805, Brazil
Interests: bone repair; pre-clinical models; systemic interferences and compromised bone; biomaterials
Dr. Kathryn Grandfield

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Interests: osseointegration; bone; biomineralization; electron microscopy; biointerfaces
Dr. Karina Carneiro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
2. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Interests: biomaterials; DNA nanotechnology; biomineralization; atomic force microscopy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Success in bone repair processes, by improving the quality of bone-restoring anatomy and function in the injury area, is a challenge. Aging and systemic interferences are situations that may impair the repair process or even the bone remodeling events that are part of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Medication, in order to control systemic conditions, is the first action undertaken in order to improve bone repair quality. Recently, the participation of multidisciplinary fields has become an interesting strategy, especially considering the possibility of local action with biomaterials and different biomolecules in drug delivery systems may act in a synergistic way with the biological response of the repairing site.

The present Special Issue aims to explore the state of art in bone repair proceedings and the strategies used to improve the quality, maintaining the anatomy and physiology. The focus on new approaches that can lead to the improvement of cell responses and tissue events will encourage discussion on this topic. Different analyses of repair sites will be important in order to characterize bone in all of these special situations. Strategies focused on multidisciplinary approaches will play an important role in helping to achieve this goal.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: articles focused on basic research, in vivo and ex in vivo models, as well as in vitro studies, biomaterials, drug delivery and other strategies that contribute to the improvement of repair processes. Articles with different analyses applied to characterize the repair process will also be acceptable.

Dr. Roberta Okamoto
Dr. Kathryn Grandfield
Dr. Karina Carneiro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bone repair
  • aging
  • bone remodeling
  • biomaterials
  • drug delivery
  • bone regeneration

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3987 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Bone Repair Using a New Biphasic Synthetic Bioceramic (Plenum® Osshp) in Critical Calvaria Defect in Rats
by Paula Buzo Frigério, Lilian Caldas Quirino, Marisa Aparecida Cabrini Gabrielli, Pedro Henrique de Azambuja Carvalho, Idelmo Rangel Garcia Júnior and Valfrido Antonio Pereira-Filho
Biology 2023, 12(11), 1417; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12111417 - 10 Nov 2023
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Abstract
(1) Background: Biphasic bioceramics are synthetic bone substitutes that provide greater safety and better predictability in guided bone regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the bone repair process using a new biphasic bioceramic of synthetic origin (Plenum® Osshp—70HA: 30β-TCP) in [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Biphasic bioceramics are synthetic bone substitutes that provide greater safety and better predictability in guided bone regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the bone repair process using a new biphasic bioceramic of synthetic origin (Plenum® Osshp—70HA: 30β-TCP) in critical calvarial defects. (2) Methods: seventy-four defects were created in rat calvaria and divided into two groups—Plenum® Osshp (PO), right side, and Straumann® BoneCeramic™ (BC), left side. Euthanasia was performed at 7, 15, 30, and 60 days after surgery. (3) Results: Lower gene expression was observed for runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and higher expression for Integrin Binding Sialoprotein (IBSP). The results correlated with moderate immunolabeling for osteocalcin (OCN) and slight immunolabeling for osteopontin (OPN) in the PO group. Histometry showed a greater amount of biomaterial remaining in the PO group at 60 days. The microtomographic analysis showed a lower density of bone connectivity and a greater thickness of the trabeculae for the remnants of the PO group. (4) Conclusions: the Plenum® Osshp showed no differences compared to BoneCeramic™ and is therefore considered an effective option as a synthetic bone substitute in bone regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Insights of Bone Repair: Strategies for Improvement, Microscopic, Molecular and Ultrastrastructural Aspects)
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17 pages, 2327 KiB  
Article
Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing BMP-9 Primed with Hypoxia on BMP Targets, Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Repair
by Jessica Emanuella Rocha Moura Paz, Leticia Faustino Adolpho, Jaqueline Isadora Reis Ramos, Rayana Longo Bighetti-Trevisan, Robson Diego Calixto, Fabiola Singaretti Oliveira, Adriana Luisa Gonçalves Almeida, Marcio Mateus Beloti and Adalberto Luiz Rosa
Biology 2023, 12(8), 1147; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12081147 - 19 Aug 2023
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Abstract
Bone formation is driven by many signaling molecules including bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP-9) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α). We demonstrated that cell therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressing BMP-9 (MSCs+BMP-9) enhances bone formation in calvarial defects. Here, the effect [...] Read more.
Bone formation is driven by many signaling molecules including bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP-9) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α). We demonstrated that cell therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressing BMP-9 (MSCs+BMP-9) enhances bone formation in calvarial defects. Here, the effect of hypoxia on BMP components and targets of MSCs+BMP-9 and of these hypoxia-primed cells on osteoblast differentiation and bone repair was evaluated. Hypoxia was induced with cobalt chloride (CoCl2) in MSCs+BMP-9, and the expression of BMP components and targets was evaluated. The paracrine effects of hypoxia-primed MSCs+BMP-9 on cell viability and migration and osteoblast differentiation were evaluated using conditioned medium. The bone formation induced by hypoxia-primed MSCs+BMP-9 directly injected into rat calvarial defects was also evaluated. The results demonstrated that hypoxia regulated BMP components and targets without affecting BMP-9 amount and that the conditioned medium generated under hypoxia favored cell migration and osteoblast differentiation. Hypoxia-primed MSCs+BMP-9 did not increase bone repair compared with control MSCs+BMP-9. Thus, despite the lack of effect of hypoxia on bone formation, the enhancement of cell migration and osteoblast differentiation opens windows for further investigations on approaches to modulate the BMP-9-HIF-1α circuit in the context of cell-based therapies to induce bone regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Insights of Bone Repair: Strategies for Improvement, Microscopic, Molecular and Ultrastrastructural Aspects)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Effect of mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing BMP-9 primed with hypoxia on BMP targets, osteoblast differentiation and bone repair
Author: Adalberto
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