Measurement and Modeling of Road Transport Emissions: Recent Trends, Current Progress, and Future Perspectives

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 September 2023) | Viewed by 2592

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Environmental Modelling, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: vehicle emissions; multi-scale modeling; emission measurement; air quality

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, ETSII—Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: vehicle emissions; air quality; mesoscale modeling, emissions inventories

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Guest Editor
Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7908, Raleigh, NC 27695-7908, USA
Interests: transportation energy use and emissions; energy and emission modeling; emission measurement; air quality
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Road transport emissions continue to be a significant source of air pollution in many countries around the world.

Measurement techniques have been used to obtain laboratory-based and real world emissions data over years. Those have been widely used to understand vehicle emissions (exhaust and non-exhaust) for research, in-use emission monitoring, model development and validation, and regulatory applications.

Emission models have rapidly evolved in recent years to provide useful tools for emission inventory applications, and evaluation of transport policies and measures.

Considering the current and future increase of the share of newer vehicle technologies in road transport, both measurements and modeling tools will continue to be extremely useful for emission trends analysis, emission control technology assessment, emission inventories development, as well as for new emission regulations adoption.

The journal Atmosphere dedicates this Special Issue (SI) to showcase the most recent findings on road transport emissions studies. This SI is open for submissions of original research studies, review, and perspective articles. Laboratory investigation, real world measurements, and modeling studies are all highly welcome. The topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

  • Real world measurements of in-use and newer technologies;
  • In-use emission monitoring methods;
  • Laboratory tests;
  • Development and application of modeling tools.

Dr. Christina Quaassdorff
Dr. Juan Manuel De Andrés Almeida
Dr. Tongchuan Wei
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • road transport exhaust emissions
  • non-exhaust vehicle emissions
  • modeling tools
  • measurement techniques
  • emission inventories
  • emissions control, management, and policy

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 13466 KiB  
Article
Near-Road Traffic Emission Dispersion Model: Traffic-Induced Turbulence Kinetic Energy (TKE) Measurement
by Zhice Hu and Kenneth E. Noll
Atmosphere 2023, 14(10), 1485; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14101485 - 25 Sep 2023
Viewed by 749
Abstract
This article delineates the characterization of traffic-induced turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in areas proximate to roadways using real-world traffic conditions. Traffic-induced TKE serves as a pivotal tool to refine the parameters of eddy diffusivity within air dispersion modeling, thereby facilitating a more accurate [...] Read more.
This article delineates the characterization of traffic-induced turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in areas proximate to roadways using real-world traffic conditions. Traffic-induced TKE serves as a pivotal tool to refine the parameters of eddy diffusivity within air dispersion modeling, thereby facilitating a more accurate representation of near-road model-estimated traffic emission with TKE-related traffic conditions. Six hundred observations facilitated the detailed TKE characterization, which incorporated a comprehensive assessment of wind speed and traffic conditions, including parameters such as vehicle flow rate, speed, and classifications into categories such as heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) and light-duty vehicles (LDVs). Five-minute measurement intervals were utilized to pinpoint the substantial variations in TKE generated through traffic flow, particularly highlighting the more chaotic yet swiftly dissipating energy contributions from HDVs. Monitoring was conducted on two urban freeways characterized by markedly different traffic compositions (quantified with HDV%) and distinct road configurations. The TKE derived from traffic over five-minute intervals is correlated with concurrently measured variables such as vehicle flow, speed, and traffic types. The ensemble mean method was utilized to delineate the characteristics of traffic-induced TKE during both steady- and unsteady-state traffic flows, with a focus on traffic density as a key parameter. The results reveal different trends in the behavior of traffic induced TKE. The substantial impact of HDV-induced TKE was quantified using a comparative analysis of normalized traffic-induced TKEs between HDVs and LDVs. This analysis demonstrates that the influence exerted by a single HDV is approximately eleven times that of a single LDV in close proximity to road locations. Within the traffic fleet, HDVs constitute only a minor fraction, typically amounting to 1 to 10% of the total vehicle flow rate. However, their considerable impact and positive correlation with traffic induced TKE was evaluated using a detailed analysis of LDV flow subdivisions. Full article
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16 pages, 1540 KiB  
Article
An Experimental Framework of Particulate Matter Emission Factor Development for Traffic Modeling
by Sicong Zhu, Yongdi Qiao, Wenjie Peng, Qi Zhao, Zhen Li, Xiaoting Liu, Hao Wang, Guohua Song, Lei Yu, Lei Shi and Qing Lan
Atmosphere 2023, 14(4), 706; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14040706 - 12 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1040
Abstract
To estimate traffic facility-oriented particulate matter (PM) emissions, emission factors are both necessary and critical for traffic planners and the community of traffic professionals. This study used locally calibrated laser-scattering sensors to collect PM emission concentrations in a tunnel. Emission factors of both [...] Read more.
To estimate traffic facility-oriented particulate matter (PM) emissions, emission factors are both necessary and critical for traffic planners and the community of traffic professionals. This study used locally calibrated laser-scattering sensors to collect PM emission concentrations in a tunnel. Emission factors of both light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles were found to be higher in autumn compared to summer. Based on this study’s data analysis, PM emissions, in terms of mass, have a strong seasonal effect. The study also conducted a PM composition test on normal days and during haze events. Preliminary results suggested that the transformation of gaseous tailpipe emissions to PM is significant within the tunnel during a haze event. This study, therefore, recommends locally calibrated portable devices to monitor mobile-source traffic emissions. The study suggests that emission factor estimation of traffic modeling packages should consider the dynamic PM formation mechanism. The study also presents traffic policy implications regarding PM emission control. Full article
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