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Applied Sciences
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Material Processing: Latest Advances in Laser Applications
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Material Processing: Latest Advances in Laser Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 February 2024) | Viewed by 13610

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Serguei Murzin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
Interests: laser material processing; macro-, micro- and nanotechnology; improvement of material properties; laser beam shaping; optical systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laser processing methods based on electrophysical, electrochemical and physicochemical effects can be used for a wide range of tasks involving laser irradiation processing to alter the geometric parameters or improve the physical properties of various materials. Such technologies have undergone significant development and now play significant roles in both industry and scientific studies, with their domain of application constantly expanding. The effects of laser beams on materials are described in general terms related to the absorption and reflection of radiation and the propagation of absorbed energy as well as according to several specific features.

The purpose of this Special Issue is to present the latest knowledge in the field of laser–material interactions. This will include possibilities related to the application of laser and laser-assisted macro-, micro-, and nanotechnologies that aid in forming the required properties and structures of processed materials. We are interested in experimental, numerical, and theoretical studies involving innovative applications as well as review articles on the design and application of optical systems for laser material processing.

Prof. Dr. Serguei Murzin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • laser material processing
  • macro-, micro- and nanotechnology structuring
  • modification
  • improvement of properties
  • laser beam shaping
  • optical systems
  • innovative technologies

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

13 pages, 3919 KiB  
Article
Improving the Quality of Laser-Welded Butt Joints of Metal–Polymer Sandwich Composites
by Serguei P. Murzin, Heinz Palkowski, Alexey A. Melnikov, Maksim V. Blokhin and Stanislav Osipov
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(14), 7099; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12147099 - 14 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1644
Abstract
Sandwich panels are promising composite materials, although the possibilities for their thermal joining are limited due to the degradation of the polymer core at elevated temperatures. The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of the butt joints in metal–polymer sandwich [...] Read more.
Sandwich panels are promising composite materials, although the possibilities for their thermal joining are limited due to the degradation of the polymer core at elevated temperatures. The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of the butt joints in metal–polymer sandwich composites performed by laser welding. A pulsed Nd:YAG Rofin StarWeld Performance laser was used to perform the two-sided welding of the metal–polymer three-layer composite material. On each of the two sides of the material, a welded joint was made with partial penetration of the covering steel sheets, which was considered a prerequisite for preventing the degradation of the core polymer layer. The energy density of the laser irradiation was redistributed by increasing the diameter of the laser spot. The structure of the welded joints was examined using a polarized optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope. It was determined that the laser treatment resulted in a partial penetration weld on each of the two covering metal sheets of the material, reaching a depth of more than 50% of the sheet’s thickness without damaging the polymer. The welding area consisted of two zones, one being the weld metal and the other the heat-affected zone. As a result of relatively rapid heating and cooling cycles, fine-dispersed structures were formed in the heat-affected and remelted zones. The performed tensile tests showed that the strength of the welded area was about 80% of that of the base material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Material Processing: Latest Advances in Laser Applications)
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13 pages, 5179 KiB  
Article
Ultraviolet Nanosecond Laser Treatment to Reduce the Friction Coefficient of Silicon Carbide Ceramics
by Serguei P. Murzin, Valeriy B. Balyakin, Carsten Gachot, Sergey A. Fomchenkov, Maksim V. Blokhin and Nikolay L. Kazanskiy
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(24), 11906; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112411906 - 14 Dec 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2918
Abstract
The determination of the possibility for the reduction of the friction coefficient of ceramic parts from silicon carbide by pulse-periodic treatment with an ultraviolet nanosecond laser was carried out in the framework of this research. The gas-dynamic seal of the compressor rotor of [...] Read more.
The determination of the possibility for the reduction of the friction coefficient of ceramic parts from silicon carbide by pulse-periodic treatment with an ultraviolet nanosecond laser was carried out in the framework of this research. The gas-dynamic seal of the compressor rotor of the gas-turbine engine after hot isostatic pressing and mechanical treatment was exposed to surface microstructuring in a pulse-periodic mode. For experimental investigations, a laser with a maximum energy of the pulse of 50 µJ, a wavelength of 355 nm, and a pulse duration below 10 ns was used. It was determined that the surface quality was improved, and the surface roughness was reduced as a consequence of the realized laser polishing modes in the beam exposure area. The average value of the friction coefficient of the ceramic material surface decreased by 15% as result of pulse-periodic laser processing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Material Processing: Latest Advances in Laser Applications)
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Review

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33 pages, 6781 KiB  
Review
Fabrication of Smart Materials Using Laser Processing: Analysis and Prospects
by Serguei P. Murzin and Christian Stiglbrunner
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(1), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14010085 - 21 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1447
Abstract
Laser processing is a versatile tool that enhances smart materials for diverse industries, allowing precise changes in material properties and customization of surface characteristics. It drives the development of smart materials with adaptive properties through laser modification, utilizing photothermal reactions and functional additives [...] Read more.
Laser processing is a versatile tool that enhances smart materials for diverse industries, allowing precise changes in material properties and customization of surface characteristics. It drives the development of smart materials with adaptive properties through laser modification, utilizing photothermal reactions and functional additives for meticulous control. These laser-processed smart materials form the foundation of 4D printing that enables dynamic shape changes depending on external influences, with significant potential in the aerospace, robotics, health care, electronics, and automotive sectors, thus fostering innovation. Laser processing also advances photonics and optoelectronics, facilitating precise control over optical properties and promoting responsive device development for various applications. The application of computer-generated diffractive optical elements (DOEs) enhances laser precision, allowing for predetermined temperature distribution and showcasing substantial promise in enhancing smart material properties. This comprehensive overview explores the applications of laser technology and nanotechnology involving DOEs, underscoring their transformative potential in the realms of photonics and optoelectronics. The growing potential for further research and practical applications in this field suggests promising prospects in the near future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Material Processing: Latest Advances in Laser Applications)
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24 pages, 6416 KiB  
Review
Creation of One- and Two-Dimensional Copper and Zinc Oxides Semiconductor Structures
by Serguei P. Murzin and Nikolay L. Kazanskiy
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(20), 11459; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132011459 - 19 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1010
Abstract
The most effective methods for the synthesis of nanostructured copper and zinc oxides, which have unique properties and potential applications in a variety of fields including electronics, photonics, sensorics, and energy conversion, are analyzed. Special attention is paid to laser-based methods for synthesizing [...] Read more.
The most effective methods for the synthesis of nanostructured copper and zinc oxides, which have unique properties and potential applications in a variety of fields including electronics, photonics, sensorics, and energy conversion, are analyzed. Special attention is paid to laser-based methods for synthesizing oxide nanostructures, with an emphasis on the importance of controlling power density distribution to influence the quality and properties of the nanomaterials. The great significance of wavefront shaping techniques for controlling laser-initiated processes is highlighted, which enable precise control over the phase and amplitude of light waves to achieve desired outcomes in optics and laser-assisted formation of one- and two-dimensional structures of oxide semiconductor materials. Diffractive computer optics is presented as a powerful tool for precise beam control. The significance of laser-induced thermochemical processes for creating and improving the properties of ZnO and CuO-based nanomaterials is discussed. The presented analysis shows that the synthesis of nanocomposites based on ZnO and CuO using pulse-periodic laser treatment, coupled with precise laser beam control using free-form diffractive optics, presents novel opportunities for applications in optoelectronics, sensor technology, electronics and portable energy sources manufacturing, and various other fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Material Processing: Latest Advances in Laser Applications)
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21 pages, 4682 KiB  
Review
Formation of ZnO/CuO Heterostructures Based on Quasi-One-Dimensional Nanomaterials
by Serguei P. Murzin
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(1), 488; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010488 - 30 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2646
Abstract
Nanostructured metal oxides are of great interest both for advanced research and for a wide range of applications that contribute to the increasing demands of electronics, photonics, catalysis, sensorics, and other high-tech industries and are being actively researched and developed. One-dimensional nanocrystal arrays [...] Read more.
Nanostructured metal oxides are of great interest both for advanced research and for a wide range of applications that contribute to the increasing demands of electronics, photonics, catalysis, sensorics, and other high-tech industries and are being actively researched and developed. One-dimensional nanocrystal arrays of copper and zinc oxides have become prominent in optoelectronic devices and energy conversion systems. However, although desirable improved properties have been demonstrated, the morphology of materials containing copper and zinc oxide nanowires is extremely sensitive to synthesis conditions and difficult to control. Studies focused on the morphology control of such quasi-one-dimensional materials are not numerous, so the consideration of this issue is still relevant. The characteristics of devices based on such oxide materials can be improved by taking advantage of nanoheterojunctions. A special feature is the possibility of forming a polycrystalline heterojunction in a system of semiconductors belonging to different crystalline syngonies. Currently, much attention is devoted to developing reliable methods of obtaining such nanomaterials, including those, based on processes exploiting novel physical effects. Possibilities of synthesis by pulse-periodic laser irradiation of arrays of quasi-one-dimensional ZnO nanostructures with varying micromorphology on metallic substrates, as well as the creation of ZnO/CuO heterostructures based on ZnO nanowires, were considered. The main distinguishing feature of this approach was the use of laser-induced vibrations to intensify diffusion processes in the solid phase of metallic materials as compared to the simple effects of laser beam heating. Expanding the area of application of the advanced method of creating oxide heterostructures requires a detailed and comprehensive study of new possibilities used to form structures with improved physical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Material Processing: Latest Advances in Laser Applications)
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21 pages, 4349 KiB  
Review
Improvement of Thermochemical Processes of Laser-Matter Interaction and Optical Systems for Wavefront Shaping
by Serguei P. Murzin
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(23), 12133; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122312133 - 27 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2565
Abstract
Laser thermochemical processes of metal surface oxidation are promising for creating new advanced technologies to meet the growing needs of opto- and micro-electronics, photonics, catalysis, sensorics and other high-tech industries. The features of thermochemical processes of laser-matter interaction occurring in matter under exposure [...] Read more.
Laser thermochemical processes of metal surface oxidation are promising for creating new advanced technologies to meet the growing needs of opto- and micro-electronics, photonics, catalysis, sensorics and other high-tech industries. The features of thermochemical processes of laser-matter interaction occurring in matter under exposure to intense light flows and optical systems for controlling the irradiance and wavefront spatial distribution were reviewed. The laser beam offers the possibility of good focusing, which allows us to conduct chemical reactions, including the heterogeneous oxidation of metals, locally, with high spatial resolution. In this case, the absorption mechanisms of the laser beam vary for metals and for oxides, resulting from a thermochemical reaction and represent semiconductors. For semiconductors, the intrinsic, intraband, impurity, or lattice absorption takes place. The morphology of a metal surface also influences its optical absorption capacity. The improvement of beam shaping systems with elements of computer optics, namely diffractive freeform optics, provides an opportunity for an efficient control of chemical processes by achieving the desired redistribution of the laser beam power density. Laser thermochemical processes of the formation of quasi-one-dimensional nanostructured metal oxides are of great interest for advanced research and for a wide range of applications. A special feature of these processes is that, in the case of a frequency-modulated laser beam the synergy between the heat associated effects of the laser pulses and the laser-induced vibrations allows for a significant increase in the diffusion coefficient, which is stimulated by the non-stationary stress-strain state of the material. Ensuring the means of control over the thermochemical reaction in local sections of the laser exposure zone is an issue that can be solved by adapting the shape of the laser beam by the diffractive freeform optics. The gained knowledge contributes as a foundation for new photonic technologies oriented on the formation of nanostructured metal oxides, involving control over the morphology of the synthesized structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Material Processing: Latest Advances in Laser Applications)
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