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Novel Biomaterial and Implant in Dentistry

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2023) | Viewed by 6845

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Paolo Carosi

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Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00033 Rome, Italy
Interests: static-guided surgery; dynamic-guided surgery; immediate loading; immediate implant placement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Claudia Lorenzi

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Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', 00037 Rome, Italy
Interests: dental prostheses; dental implant; complete arch rehabilitations; single tooth rehabilitation; immediate loading; short implants; narrow implants
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Dr. Fabrizio Lio

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Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', 00037 Rome, Italy
Interests: digital dentistry; computer guided surgery; digital impression; complete arch rehabilitation

Prof. Dr. Alessandro Pozzi

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Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', 00037 Rome, Italy
Interests: implant dentistry; periodontology; oral surgery; dental implantology; esthetic dentistry; aesthetic dentistry; biomechanics; clinical dentistry; restorative dentistry; dental materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The ongoing development of implant macro- and microstructures, in combination with novel biomaterials, started to rewrite the implant-supported rehabilitations in dentistry. Enhancing primary and secondary stability with more aggressive shapes, in combination with more hydrophilic surfaces, acted as a valid solution to reduce the overall rehabilitation time from single tooth to complete arches. Moreover, the new materials for bone and soft tissue regeneration have set a new benchmark in regenerative dentistry.

Dr. Paolo Carosi
Dr. Claudia Lorenzi
Dr. Fabrizio Lio
Prof. Dr. Alessandro Pozzi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

immediate loading
immediate placement
bone augmentation
soft tissue augmentation
dental implant

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 2367 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ex Vivo Analysis of Ability of Osseodensification to Improve Dental Implant Primary Stability Using Xenograft Bone Walls

by Henrique Ferreira, Carlos Fernando Mourão, Rafael Coutinho Mello-Machado, Kayvon Javid, Rodrigo dos Santos Pereira and Plinio Mendes Senna

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(22), 12337; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132212337 - 15 Nov 2023

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Abstract

Osseodensification is a technique that involves compressing bone using specialized drilling instruments to increase bone–implant contact. The present study aimed to evaluate the structure of a xenograft bone (XB) wall created within an implantation site and how it affects the initial stability of dental implants. Six segments of pig ribs, representing low-density bone, were used in the experiment. Four different drilling conditions were created for each section using a tapered bur system associated with bovine xenograft bone: clockwise (cutting mode—CW) or counterclockwise (densification mode—CCW). The bone samples were then placed individually in microtomography equipment to define a volume of interest (VOI) 50% larger than the osteotomy. Mathematical calculations of bone volume, trabecular thickness and separation, and total porosity were performed. An implant with a diameter of 4.0 mm and a length of 11.5 mm was then inserted into each osteotomy. The final insertion torque (IT) and resonance frequency analysis/implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were recorded. The groups were compared using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. The results show that the use of xenograft bone produced densification at the apex region, with higher bone volume and trabecular thickness, and reduced trabecular separation compared with the CW group (p < 0.05). The CW + XB group demonstrated a similar porosity to the CCW group and similar values of IT and ISQ (p > 0.05). Compared with the other groups, CCW + XB exhibited the lowest percentual porosity and the highest values of IT and ISQ (p < 0.05). We concluded that the use of a xenograft bone wall before implant placement can improve the primary stability of dental implants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Biomaterial and Implant in Dentistry)

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13 pages, 56991 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Clinical Reliability of Complete-Arch Fixed Prostheses Supported by Narrow-Diameter Implants to Support Complete-Arch Restorations

by Claudia Lorenzi, Fabrizio Lio, Piero Papi, Vincenzo Mazzetti, Andrea Laureti and Claudio Arcuri

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(1), 538; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010538 - 30 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1312

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical application of fixed screw-retained complete-arch rehabilitations supported by four narrow-diameter implants (NDIs). The records of patients treated with complete-arch prostheses screwed onto four NDIs treated with an immediate loading protocol between 2010 and 2020 with at least 1 year of follow-up after the positioning of the definitive restoration were reviewed. The implants were placed according to the final prosthetic design and were immediately loaded. The interim prostheses were replaced after the healing period by definitive acrylic resin titanium-supported prostheses. Patients were followed to evaluate treatment success, the implant survival rate (ISR), and the prosthetic survival rate (PSR). A total of 121 NDIs were positioned in 30 patients to restore 30 complete arches (18 maxilla and 12 mandible). One implant did not achieve osseointegration, resulting in an overall ISR of 99.2%. No prosthetic or implant failures occurred during the 1 to 11 years of follow-up. Three biological and four prosthetic complications occurred, resulting in a treatment rehabilitation survival of 94.1% and a PSR of 86.7%. Despite the limitations of the present retrospective study, such as the use of one single type of dental implant and patients treated in a single rehabilitation center, complete-arch rehabilitation with fixed prostheses supported by four NDIs seems to be a reliable treatment in the medium to long term. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Biomaterial and Implant in Dentistry)

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Review

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13 pages, 1128 KiB

Open AccessReview

Complete Full Arch Supported by Short Implant (<8 mm) in Edentulous Jaw: A Systematic Review

by Alessio Rosa, Alberto Maria Pujia and Claudio Arcuri

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(12), 7162; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13127162 - 15 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1042

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate survival rate, marginal bone levels, and full arch prosthetic success on short implants when placed in areas of severely resorbed and edentulous mandibles. Methods: This is a systematic review of all randomized controlled trials of at least 10 patients with a control group in which bone augmentations were performed that were published between January 2010 and February 2023. Only three relevant studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: This review showed that short-term dental implant survival rates ranged from 94.2% to 97.4% with a five-year follow-up, and prosthetic success rates ranged around 62% during the same follow-up. The mean marginal bone level values of the affected short implants ranged from 0.2 mm to 0.6 mm. Conclusions: The data obtained demonstrated that short dental implants positioned with criterion and precision as a full-arch fixed support are a valid therapeutic choice for the medium–long-term rehabilitation of severe edentulous mandibular atrophy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Biomaterial and Implant in Dentistry)

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Other

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12 pages, 23752 KiB

Open AccessBrief Report

Long-Term Clinical and Radiographic Analysis of Platform Matching and Platform Switching Implants in the Esthetic Zone: A Retrospective Cohort Study

by Andrea Raco, Bianca Di Murro, Pier Carmine Passarelli, Antonio D’Addona, Andrea Pilloni, Lorenzo Marini and Piero Papi

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(1), 661; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010661 - 3 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3319

Abstract

Background: The aims of this study are to retrospectively compare the clinical, radiographic and esthetic outcomes of platform switching (PS) and platform matching (PM) dental implants in the anterior maxilla after ≥ 10 years of functional loading. Methods: Marginal bone loss (MBL) levels were recorded; furthermore, peri-implant clinical parameters (PPD, BOP, PI) were collected and the Pink and White Esthetic scores (PES/WES) were used to evaluate the esthetic outcomes. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were performed to compare collected parameters among the two groups, with a p-value < 0.05. Results: A final sample of 58 patients was enrolled in this study (PM implants = 29; PS implants = 29). PS implants showed lower MBL levels (1.02 ± 0.81 mm vs. 1.67 ± 0.99 mm, p = 0.028) and PPD values (3.69 ± 1.1 vs. 5.16 ± 1.09 mm, p < 0.001) compared to PM implants. Mean PES values were higher in the PS group compared to the PM group (8.46 ± 0.69 vs. 7.89 ± 0.78, p < 0.005), while there were no differences for WES values (7.82 ± 1.09 vs. 7.71 ± 0.85, p > 0.05) and peri-implant diseases’ prevalence (p > 0.05). Conclusions: After 10 years, PS implants showed statistically significant lower MBL and PPD values and higher PES values compared to PM implants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Biomaterial and Implant in Dentistry)

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