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Dear Colleagues,

Primary and secondary osteoarthritis, post-traumatic and oncological sequelae, articular avascular necrosis, fractures and fixations, infections and osteomyelitis continue to represent challenging management problems for orthopaedic surgeons and traumatologists. Bone tissue loss or the poor quality of these clinical pictures have conditioned the operational choices in favour of more invasive and sometimes disabling interventions. Often, the poor quality or quantity of bone substance do not allow standard prosthetic devices to be implanted, or large amounts of cadaveric or autologous bone grafts are required, with related risks and complications.

Today, thanks to technological improvements and research related to planning and production, novel treatment options are coming to the aid of operators by making available different tools, protocols and strategies.

We are proud to present this fascinating Special Issue of Applied Sciences dedicated to “Advances in Orthopedic Diseases Treatment”.

The aim of this Special Issue is to share the personal experiences of groups and authors currently working on articular and periarticular implantology, traumatology and orthopaedic oncology, their perspectives with regard to the opportunities and limits in this field, and the results obtained and the problems that have arisen. This will be conveyed via the submission of high-impact research articles that are of interest to the orthopaedic community.

Dr. Silvio Caravelli
Dr. Massimiliano Mosca
Dr. Carlo Perisano
Guest Editors

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Keywords

traumatology
osteoarthitis
infections
oncology
orthopaedics

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Research

13 pages, 7430 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Establishment of a Periprosthetic Acetabular Bone Defect in an In Vivo Model

by Frank Sebastian Fröschen, Thomas Martin Randau, El-Mustapha Haddouti, Frank Alexander Schildberg, Jacques Dominik Müller-Broich, Werner Götz, Susanne Reimann, Dieter Christian Wirtz and Sascha Gravius

Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(8), 3375; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14083375 - 17 Apr 2024

Viewed by 309

Abstract

The biological reconstruction of periprosthetic acetabular defects is essential for the success of revision total hip arthroplasty. However, a standardized in vivo defect model with good analogy to the human situation is still lacking, which has significantly limited the research and development of this highly important clinical entity. A defined animal defect model might be a possible solution as it offers the possibility to evaluate different biomaterials for periacetabular bone reconstruction in a reproducible setting. In an ovine periacetabular defect model (n = 27), a defined bone defect (1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 cm/3.375 cm³) in the cranial load-bearing area of the acetabulum was augmented with two different biomaterials as well as autologous cancellous bone in an ovine periprosthetic defect model and bridged with a Ganz reinforcement ring (n = 9 animals per group). Eight months after implantation, radiological and macroscopic examination was performed. The operation with the establishment of a defined periacetabular defect could be performed in all cases. There were no intraoperative complications in the three groups. During the course of the experiment, three sheep had to be excluded due to complications. A macroscopic evaluation after 8 months showed a firm neocapsula surrounding the hip joint with macroscopic consolidation of the bony defect and a stable inlying implant. There were no detectable differences between the three groups in the macroscopic or radiological evaluation. In summary, the presented ovine model might offer the possibility to create a defined bone defect and investigate bone defect reconstruction with different materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Orthopedic Diseases Treatment)

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