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The Pre- and Postharvest Physiology and Molecular Biology of Fruit...
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The Pre- and Postharvest Physiology and Molecular Biology of Fruit and Vegetables

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Agricultural Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 May 2023) | Viewed by 4986

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Gang Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
Interests: plant physiology; plant molecular biology; postharvest biotechnology; fruit and vegetables; carotenoid; ascorbate; flavonoid; LED light
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Masaya Kato

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
Interests: horticulture crops; plant secondary metabolites; plant physiology; plant biotechnology; abiotic stress; transcriptomics; food chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fruit and vegetables, which represent an important part of our daily diet, are important sources of carbohydrates, proteins, organic acids, vitamins, and bioactive compounds. Consumption of fruit and vegetables not only provides basic nutrition for humans but also has potential health-promoting effects in reducing inflammation and preventing chronic diseases. Since fruit and vegetables are still alive after harvest, they are highly perishable products with an active metabolism subjected to several losses between harvest and consumption through microbial decay, physical injury, and senescence during postharvest life. To reduce losses and improve quality, handlers and producers need understand the biological, environmental, and technological factors affecting quality and deterioration. In recent years, various techniques for delaying postharvest senescence of fruit and vegetables have been investigated, such as modified atmosphere (MA) or controlled atmosphere (CA), different types of packaging, treatment with chemicals and plant hormones or their inhibitors, ethanol vapour treatment, and edible coatings. In this Special Issue, we aim to discuss the pre- and postharvest physiology, biological basis, and molecular mechanisms of ripening and senescence of fruit and vegetables. We warmly welcome submissions, including original papers and reviews, on (but not limited to) the following topics:

  • Improvement of quality of fruit and vegetables after harvest
  • New preservation and processing technologies for postharvest fruit and vegetables
  • Biosynthesis of bioactive compounds in pre and postharvest fruit and vegetables
  • The regulation mechanisms of physiological disorders occurring in postharvest fruit and vegetables
  • Novel techniques controlling postharvest diseases in fruit and vegetables
  • The molecular mechanisms of ripening and senescence in postharvest fruit and vegetables

Dr. Gang Ma
Prof. Dr. Masaya Kato
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • preharvest and postharvest physiology
  • preharvest and postharvest technology
  • senescence
  • ripening
  • fruit quality
  • bioactive compounds
  • regulatory mechanism

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1817 KiB  
Article
Organic Medium Enclosed Trough Growing Technique Improves Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) Growth, Yield and Some Nutritional Components
by Tyson T. Mokgalabone, Semakaleng Mpai and Ashwell R. Ndhlala
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(9), 5645; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095645 - 4 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1306
Abstract
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is an important vegetable that has been indigenized in African countries where it is consumed as a relish. There is still, however, a lack of documented cultivation techniques for better yields. An organic medium-enclosed trough (OMET) system is [...] Read more.
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is an important vegetable that has been indigenized in African countries where it is consumed as a relish. There is still, however, a lack of documented cultivation techniques for better yields. An organic medium-enclosed trough (OMET) system is a growing technique that has been developed to reduce water and nutrient seepage during plant production. The study objectives evaluated the effect of OMET on the growth, yield, and nutritional attributes of okra. A complete randomized block design was established to accommodate the two treatments: OMET and non-OMET, in a micro-plot under field conditions. The stem diameter and plant height were recorded weekly during plant growth, and a clear increasing trend in OMET over non-OMET was observed from week 4 of transplantation. The OMET growing technique significantly increased the stem diameter and plant height by 37 and 48%, respectively. When evaluating the yield attributes, a similar trend was observed, where the OMET system significantly increased the yield attributes of okra as follows: biomass by 50%, the number of branches by 50%, the number of pods per plant by 49%, fresh pod weight by 53%, and pod length by 51%, while there was no significant difference in pod diameter width. Non-essential amino acids compounds, including arginine, serine, glycine, aspartate acid, glutamic acid, alanine, and proline and essential amino acids, including histidine, threonine, methionine, lysine, tyrosine, leucine, phenylalanine, asparagine and glutamine, were highly maintained in OMET compared to non-OMET. OMET enhanced the upregulation of proteins, Ca, Mg, K, Mn, Na, P and Zn elemental nutrients in the disposal of less irrigation water than non-OMET. This growing technique could be recommended for small-scale and commercial farming to improve the okra production of nutrition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pre- and Postharvest Physiology and Molecular Biology of Fruit and Vegetables)
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Review

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17 pages, 1260 KiB  
Review
Brown Rot Caused by Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi (syn. Gnomoniopsis castaneae) at the Level of the Chestnut Tree (Castanea sativa Mill.)
by Filipe Lema, Paula Baptista, Cristina Oliveira and Elsa Ramalhosa
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 3969; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063969 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2457
Abstract
The European chestnut tree (Castanea sativa Mill.) has great economic importance, mostly due to the recognized nutritional value of its fruit. Thus, the development and improvement of the techniques of the production, preservation, and control of the diseases/pests of chestnut trees is [...] Read more.
The European chestnut tree (Castanea sativa Mill.) has great economic importance, mostly due to the recognized nutritional value of its fruit. Thus, the development and improvement of the techniques of the production, preservation, and control of the diseases/pests of chestnut trees is a topic of great interest to producers, companies, researchers, and consumers to ensure the quality of this exceptional fruit. Recently, an emerging rot in chestnuts caused by the fungus Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi (syn. Gnomoniopsis castaneae Tamietti) (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) was reported both in Australia and Europe. Since then, the number of records of this pathogen in several countries of the world (Europe and Asia) where Castanea spp. is cultivated has been increasing. This disease, called “brown rot”, has been causing significant production losses, raising serious concerns for producers and the chestnut industry. This review describes the world distribution and life cycle of the causal agent of brown rot. The life cycle of G. smithogilvyi can involve primary infection, caused by ascospores, and secondary infection, related to the asexual phase of the fungus (conidia). Then, the analytical methods used to detect G. smithogilvyi are described. Furthermore, the incidences of the disease caused by G. smithogilvyi are presented, ranging from 5 to 94%, with high infection rates causing significant economic losses. The damages caused by G. smithogilvyi are discussed. In fact, it can act as an endophyte or as a pathogenic fungus, causing fruit rot, canker in several plant tissues, and necrosis in leaves, as well as in galls caused by the gall wasp Dryocosmus kuriphilus Yasumatsu. Possible pre- and post-harvest methods to mitigate the damage caused by moulds, and in particular G. smithogilvyi, are presented, including biocontrol agents and chemicals. Finally, some challenges and future prospects for a number of uncertainties related to the epidemiology, geographic distribution, spread, detection, and management of this disease are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Pre- and Postharvest Physiology and Molecular Biology of Fruit and Vegetables)
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