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Applied Sciences
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Sustainable Bioprocessing Strategies for Agri-Industrial Side Streams Valorisation
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Sustainable Bioprocessing Strategies for Agri-Industrial Side Streams Valorisation

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2021) | Viewed by 14102

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Afroditi Chatzifragkou

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Guest Editor
Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
Interests: food waste valorisation; biotechnology; fermentation; biopolymers; prebiotic carbohydrates; food formulation; enzymes; green technologies; platform chemicals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Micael de Andrade Lima

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Gogerddan, Aberystwyth SY23 3EB, UK
Interests: waste valorisation; downstream processing; novel extraction technologies; adsorption chromatography; process optimisation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We cordially invite you to contribute to this Special Issue in Applied Sciences, titled “Sustainable Bioprocessing Strategies for Agri-Industrial Side Stream Valorisation”, which will showcase the most recent research developments in waste valorisation approaches in the agri-food sector, aiming at advancing and consolidating the concept of the circular bioeconomy in this field.

Despite numerous improvements seen globally in waste management practices in the last decade, agri-industrial waste still constitutes a major issue, both economically and environmentally. Side streams that derive from the agri-food sector are rich in a plethora of added-value compounds; as such, current research has been focusing on sustainable strategies to recover such compounds and assess their functionality in refined applications. Advancement in such processes is ongoing, and as such, mapping their progress and technological readiness is imperative.

Research topics of interest for this Special Issue include the following: life-cycle analyses of agri-industrial side streams and wastes, novel/green extraction techniques, purification strategies for waste-derived extracts, and functionality of new ingredients and bioproducts for food, packaging, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications, as well as circular bioeconomy concepts. Researchers in these fields are invited to submit original research articles, as well as relevant state-of-the-art reviews or perspectives, to be published in this Special Issue of Applied Sciences.

We look forward to receiving your submissions!

Dr. Afroditi Chatzifragkou
Dr. Micael de Andrade Lima
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Agri-industrial by-products
  • Green technologies
  • Novel extraction technologies
  • Purification strategies
  • Fermentation
  • Sustainability
  • Circular economy
  • Bioprocessing
  • Functionality
  • Phytochemicals
  • Novel ingredients
  • Nutraceuticals
  • Process optimisation
  • Enzymes

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 1355 KiB  
Article
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Peels
by Micael de Andrade Lima, Rafaela Andreou, Dimitris Charalampopoulos and Afroditi Chatzifragkou
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(8), 3410; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11083410 - 10 Apr 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2908
Abstract
In the last three decades, greener technologies have been used, aiming at extracting phenolic compounds from vegetable matrices due to the inherent advantages compared to organic solvent-based methodologies. In this work, supercritical CO2 was investigated for recovering phenolic acids from potato peels. [...] Read more.
In the last three decades, greener technologies have been used, aiming at extracting phenolic compounds from vegetable matrices due to the inherent advantages compared to organic solvent-based methodologies. In this work, supercritical CO2 was investigated for recovering phenolic acids from potato peels. Following screening runs for assessing the significant extraction parameters, a Central Composite Design of Experiments was carried out aiming at process optimization, with methanol concentration (MeOH, %) and CO2 flow rate (qCO2, g/min) as independent variables. Both parameters were deemed to impart a significant effect on the final response. Although the major phenolic acid in potato peels is chlorogenic acid (CGA), the main compound extracted was caffeic acid (CFA), present at a concentration of 0.75 mg/g dry peel in the extracts. The optimum extraction conditions were 80 °C, 350 bar, MeOH 20%, and flow rate of 18.0 g/min, which enabled a total phenolic recovery of 37% and a CFA recovery of 82%. The antioxidant activity of the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) extracts was also measured, with the highest scavenging capacity reaching 73%. The need for using mixtures of water and organic solvents as co-solvents in SFE to enable CGA recovery seems necessary, possibly due to its better dissolution in aqueous solutions than in pure solvents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Bioprocessing Strategies for Agri-Industrial Side Streams Valorisation)
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12 pages, 1684 KiB  
Article
Anaerobic Digestion of Steam-Exploded Wheat Straw and Co-Digestion Strategies for Enhanced Biogas Production
by Fokion Kaldis, Denise Cysneiros, James Day, Kimon-Andreas G. Karatzas and Afroditi Chatzifragkou
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(22), 8284; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10228284 - 22 Nov 2020
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3046
Abstract
Wheat straw (WS) is considered a favourable substrate for biogas production. However, due to its rigid structure and high carbon to nitrogen (C/N ratio), its biodegradability during anaerobic digestion (AD) is usually low. In the present study, the effect of steam explosion pre-treatment [...] Read more.
Wheat straw (WS) is considered a favourable substrate for biogas production. However, due to its rigid structure and high carbon to nitrogen (C/N ratio), its biodegradability during anaerobic digestion (AD) is usually low. In the present study, the effect of steam explosion pre-treatment on WS, combined with C/N adjustment with inorganic nitrogen, on biogas production was evaluated. Additionally, co-digestion of WS with protein-rich agri-industrial by-products (dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS) and rapeseed meal (RM)) was assessed. Steam explosion enhanced biogas production from WS, whereas the addition of NH4Cl was beneficial (p < 0.05) for the digestion of steam-exploded wheat straw (SE). Furthermore, mono-digestion of the four different substrates seemed to be efficient in both inoculum to substrate ratios (I/S) tested (3.5 and 1.75 (w/w)). Finally, during co-digestion of WS and SE with DDGS and RM, an increase in the cumulative methane production was noted when higher amounts of DDGS and RM were co-digested. This study demonstrated that DDGS and RM can be used as an AD supplement to stimulate gas production and improve wheat straw biodegradability, while their addition at 10% on an AD system operating with WS can enhance gas yields at levels similar to those achieved by steam-exploded straw. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Bioprocessing Strategies for Agri-Industrial Side Streams Valorisation)
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24 pages, 1938 KiB  
Article
Physiological Characterization of a Novel Wild-Type Yarrowia lipolytica Strain Grown on Glycerol: Effects of Cultivation Conditions and Mode on Polyols and Citric Acid Production
by Seraphim Papanikolaou, Panagiota Diamantopoulou, Fabrice Blanchard, Eleni Lambrinea, Isabelle Chevalot, Nikolaos G. Stoforos and Emmanuel Rondags
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(20), 7373; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10207373 - 21 Oct 2020
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 2578
Abstract
A new yeast wild-type Yarrowia lipolytica isolate presented efficient growth on glycerol. During flask cultures, nitrogen limitation led to the secretion of sugar-alcohols as the major metabolites of the process (mannitol, arabitol and erythritol), whereas insignificant quantities of citrate were synthesized. Although in [...] Read more.
A new yeast wild-type Yarrowia lipolytica isolate presented efficient growth on glycerol. During flask cultures, nitrogen limitation led to the secretion of sugar-alcohols as the major metabolites of the process (mannitol, arabitol and erythritol), whereas insignificant quantities of citrate were synthesized. Although in some instances high initial glycerol concentrations were employed (≈150 g/L), remarkable glycerol assimilation and polyol secretion was observed. Total polyols ≈ 52 g/L (conversion yield on glycerol consumed = 0.43 g/g) was recorded in the flask experiments. The sugar-alcohol production bioprocess was successfully simulated with the aid of a modified Velhlust–Aggelis model that fitted very well with the experimental data, while optimized parameter values seemed to be quite consistent. In bioreactor trials, a noticeable metabolic shift towards citric acid production was observed, while simultaneously insignificant polyol quantities were produced. In fed-batch bioreactor experiments, a total citric acid quantity ≈ 102 g/L was recorded—one of the highest in the literature for wild-type Y. lipolytica strains. This metabolic transition was due to higher oxygen saturation into the medium that occurred in the bioreactor experiments compared with the flasks. Cellular lipids produced in the bioreactor trial contained higher concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids compared with those produced in flasks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Bioprocessing Strategies for Agri-Industrial Side Streams Valorisation)
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Review

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40 pages, 2760 KiB  
Review
Lignocellulosic Biomass as a Substrate for Oleaginous Microorganisms: A Review
by Gabriela Valdés, Regis Teixeira Mendonça and George Aggelis
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(21), 7698; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10217698 - 30 Oct 2020
Cited by 50 | Viewed by 4870
Abstract
Microorganisms capable of accumulating lipids in high percentages, known as oleaginous microorganisms, have been widely studied as an alternative for producing oleochemicals and biofuels. Microbial lipid, so-called Single Cell Oil (SCO), production depends on several growth parameters, including the nature of the carbon [...] Read more.
Microorganisms capable of accumulating lipids in high percentages, known as oleaginous microorganisms, have been widely studied as an alternative for producing oleochemicals and biofuels. Microbial lipid, so-called Single Cell Oil (SCO), production depends on several growth parameters, including the nature of the carbon substrate, which must be efficiently taken up and converted into storage lipid. On the other hand, substrates considered for large scale applications must be abundant and of low acquisition cost. Among others, lignocellulosic biomass is a promising renewable substrate containing high percentages of assimilable sugars (hexoses and pentoses). However, it is also highly recalcitrant, and therefore it requires specific pretreatments in order to release its assimilable components. The main drawback of lignocellulose pretreatment is the generation of several by-products that can inhibit the microbial metabolism. In this review, we discuss the main aspects related to the cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms using lignocellulosic biomass as substrate, hoping to contribute to the development of a sustainable process for SCO production in the near future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Bioprocessing Strategies for Agri-Industrial Side Streams Valorisation)
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