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Applied Sciences
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Atmospheric Optics
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Atmospheric Optics

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (18 March 2021) | Viewed by 12600

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Igor Ptashnik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
Interests: spectroscopy of atmospheric gases; radiative transfer; water vapour in the atmosphere; water vapour continuum absorption
Prof. Dr. Sergey Bobrovnikov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
Interests: remote sensing of the atmosphere; LIDAR sounding; LIDAR technique
Dr. Tatiana Zhuravleva

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Tomsk, Russia
Interests: radiative transfer; remote sensing of aerosol and clouds; 3D cloud effects; radiative balance of the atmosphere
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Aleksandr Zemlyanov

E-Mail
Guest Editor
V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
Interests: atmospheric femtosecond optics, propagation of intense laser beams, nonlinear optics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Atmospheric optics cover a broad area of subjects: From the interaction of optical radiation with atmospheric compounds to the methods and devices for the environmental investigation; from the physical and chemical processes deriving the optical states of the atmosphere to the mechanisms affecting radiative balance of the atmosphere and the Earth’s climate. Fundamental problems of atmospheric optics include propagation of optical waves, molecular spectroscopy, cloud formation, remote sensing, atmospheric correction, light scattering processes in the atmosphere, the evolution of optical parameters of the atmosphere under natural and anthropogenic impact, etc.

The present Special Issue will comprise a collection of articles reporting recent investigations on fundamental and applied problems of atmospheric optics.

Prof. Igor' V Ptashnik
Prof. Sergey Bobrovnikov
Prof. Tatiana Zhuravleva
Prof. Aleksandr Zemlyanov
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Water vapor in the atmosphere;
  • Clouds formation;
  • Remote sensing;
  • Atmospheric correction;
  • Directed energy;
  • Radiative balance of the atmosphere;
  • Radiative forcing;
  • Aerosol in the atmosphere;
  • Optical wave propagation;
  • Scattering processes in the atmosphere…

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 48165 KiB  
Article
A Fast Calculation Method of Far-Field Intensity Distribution with Point Spread Function Convolution for High Energy Laser Propagation
by Huimin Ma, Pengfei Zhang, Jinghui Zhang, Haiqiu Liu, Chengyu Fan, Chunhong Qiao, Weiwei Zhang and Xiaohong Li
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(10), 4450; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11104450 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2484
Abstract
The turbulence effect, thermal blooming effect, laser beam aberration, platform jitter, and other effects in the process of high energy laser propagation in the atmosphere will cause serious degradation of laser beam quality, which will have a negative impact on the actual application [...] Read more.
The turbulence effect, thermal blooming effect, laser beam aberration, platform jitter, and other effects in the process of high energy laser propagation in the atmosphere will cause serious degradation of laser beam quality, which will have a negative impact on the actual application of laser propagation engineering. It is important in the engineering application of high-energy laser propagation to evaluate the far-field intensity distribution quickly. Based on the optical transfer function (OTF) theory of imaging system, the propagation process of high-energy lasers is modeled as the imaging process of point source. By using the convolution of point spread function (PSF) of jitter, turbulence, thermal blooming, and aberration of emission system, fast calculation of the far-field intensity distribution of high energy laser is realized. The calculation results are compared with those obtained by the 4D wave optics simulation program in different propagation scenarios. The results show that the calculated facula distribution and encircled energy of this method are in good agreement with the simulation results of wave optics, which can realize the fast and accurate evaluation of the far-field intensity distribution of high-energy laser propagation and provide a reference for practical engineering application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheric Optics)
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9 pages, 2238 KiB  
Article
Ray Tracing Method of Gradient Refractive Index Medium Based on Refractive Index Step
by Qingpeng Zhang, Yi Tan, Ge Ren and Tao Tang
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(3), 912; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11030912 - 20 Jan 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2933
Abstract
For gradient refractive index media with large refractive index gradients, traditional ray tracing methods based on refined elements or spatial geometric steps have problems such as low tracing accuracy and efficiency. The ray tracing method based on refractive index steps proposed in this [...] Read more.
For gradient refractive index media with large refractive index gradients, traditional ray tracing methods based on refined elements or spatial geometric steps have problems such as low tracing accuracy and efficiency. The ray tracing method based on refractive index steps proposed in this paper can effectively solve this problem. This method uses the refractive index step to replace the spatial geometric step. The starting point and the end point of each ray tracing step are on the constant refractive-index surfaces. It avoids the problem that the traditional tracing method cannot adapt to the area of sudden change in the refractive index and the area where the refractive index changes sharply. Therefore, a suitable distance can be performed in the iterative process. It can achieve high-efficiency and precise ray tracing in areas whether the refractive index changes slowly or sharply. According to the comparison of calculation examples, this method can achieve a tracing accuracy of 10−5 mm. The speed and precision of ray tracing are better than traditional methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheric Optics)
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12 pages, 496 KiB  
Article
Wave Structure Function and Long-Exposure MTF for Gaussian-Beam Waves Propagating in Anisotropic Maritime Atmospheric Turbulence
by Bing Guan, Haiyang Yu, Wei Song and Jaeho Choi
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(16), 5484; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10165484 - 07 Aug 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2093
Abstract
The expressions of wave structure function (WSF) and long-exposure modulation transfer function (MTF) for laser beam propagation through non-Kolmogorov turbulence were derived in our previous work. In this paper, based on anisotropic maritime atmospheric non-Kolmogorov spectrum, the new analytic expression of WSF for [...] Read more.
The expressions of wave structure function (WSF) and long-exposure modulation transfer function (MTF) for laser beam propagation through non-Kolmogorov turbulence were derived in our previous work. In this paper, based on anisotropic maritime atmospheric non-Kolmogorov spectrum, the new analytic expression of WSF for Gaussian-beam waves propagation through turbulent atmosphere in a horizontal path is derived. Moreover, using this newly derived expression, long-exposure MTF for Gaussian-beam waves is obtained for analyzing the degrading effects in an imaging system. Using the new expressions, WSF and MTF for Gaussian-beam waves propagating in terrestrial and maritime atmospheric turbulence are evaluated. The simulation results show that Gaussian-beam waves propagation through maritime turbulence obtain more degrading effects than terrestrial turbulence due to the humidity and temperature fluctuations. Additionally, the degrading effects under anisotropic turbulence get less loss than that of isotropic turbulence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheric Optics)
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14 pages, 4402 KiB  
Article
Performance Modeling of Ultraviolet Atmospheric Scattering of Different Light Sources Based on Monte Carlo Method
by Qiushi Zhang, Xin Zhang, Lingjie Wang, Guangwei Shi, Qiang Fu and Tao Liu
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(10), 3564; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10103564 - 21 May 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2690
Abstract
Since the atmosphere has a strong scattering effect on ultraviolet light, the transmission of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signals can be realized in the atmosphere. In previous articles, ultraviolet (UV) light atmospheric scattering has been characterized by many scattering models based on spot light sources [...] Read more.
Since the atmosphere has a strong scattering effect on ultraviolet light, the transmission of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) signals can be realized in the atmosphere. In previous articles, ultraviolet (UV) light atmospheric scattering has been characterized by many scattering models based on spot light sources with uniformly distributed light intensity. In order to explore the role of light sources in atmospheric transmission, this work proposed a UV light atmospheric transport model under different types of light source, including light-emitting diode (LED), laser, and ordinary light sources, based on the Monte Carlo point probability method. The simulation of the light source in the proposed model is a departure from the use of a light source with uniform intensity distribution in previous articles. The atmospheric transmission efficiency of different light sources was calculated and compared with the data of existing models. The simulation results showed that the type of light source can significantly change the shape of the received signal and the received energy density. The Monte Carlo (MC) point probability method dramatically reduced the calculation time and the number of photons. The transmission characteristics of different ultraviolet light sources in the atmosphere provide a theoretical foundation for the design of ultraviolet detection and near-ultraviolet signal communication in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheric Optics)
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11 pages, 3993 KiB  
Article
Propagation of Rectangular Multi-Gaussian Schell-Model Array Beams through Free Space and Non-Kolmogorov Turbulence
by Xiaolu Ma, Dajun Liu, Yaochuan Wang, Hongming Yin, Haiyang Zhong and Guiqiu Wang
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(2), 450; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10020450 - 08 Jan 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1836
Abstract
In this paper, rectangular multi-Gaussian Schell-model (MGSM) array beams, which consists N×D beams in rectangular symmetry, are first introduced. The analytical expressions of MGSM array beams propagating through free space and non-Kolmogorov turbulence are derived. The propagation properties, such as normalized average intensity [...] Read more.
In this paper, rectangular multi-Gaussian Schell-model (MGSM) array beams, which consists N×D beams in rectangular symmetry, are first introduced. The analytical expressions of MGSM array beams propagating through free space and non-Kolmogorov turbulence are derived. The propagation properties, such as normalized average intensity and effective beam sizes of MGSM array beams are investigated and analyzed. It is found that the propagation properties of MGSM array beams depend on the parameters of the MGSM source and turbulence. It can also be seen that the beam size of Gaussian beams translated by MGSM array beams will become larger as the total number of terms, M, increases or coherence length, σ , decreases, and the beam in stronger non-Kolmogorov turbulence (larger α and l 0 , or smaller L 0 ) will also have a larger beam size. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheric Optics)
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