Intra-abdominal Infections: From Diagnosis to Source Control

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 1557

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
General, Emergency and Trauma Department, Pisa University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Interests: emergency surgery; trauma; abdominal surgery and surgical oncology; especially dedicated to intra-abdominal advanced oncological diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Intra-abdominal infections encompass a wide spectrum of disease states, ranging from uncomplicated appendicitis to fecal peritonitis. In uncomplicated intra-abdominal infections, the infectious process only involves a single organ and does not spread to the peritoneum. In complicated infections, the infectious process extends beyond a singularly affected organ, and causes either localized peritonitis or diffuse peritonitis. The treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections involves both source control and antibiotic therapy. Source control encompasses all measures undertaken to eliminate the source of infection and to control ongoing contamination. Surgery is the most common and most important therapeutic action in managing intra-abdominal infections. Procedure choice depends on the anatomical source of infection, on the degree of peritoneal inflammation, on the generalized septic response and on the patient’s general condition. Antimicrobial therapy plays an integral role in the management of intra-abdominal infections, especially in critically ill patients requiring immediate empiric antibiotic therapy. Empiric antibiotic therapy accounts for the most frequently isolated microorganisms as well as any local trends of antibiotic resistance. All aspects of management are equally important and the action panorama is progressively changing into a more specific and targeted action. The concept of source control is evolving together with the technical, scientific and management innovations.

The present Special Issue will focus on all aspects of intra-abdominal infection diagnosis and management, both in surgery and in the ICU.

Prof. Dr. Federico Coccolini
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

13 pages, 881 KiB  
Review
Early Intra-Abdominal Bacterial Infections after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A Narrative Review for Clinicians
by Riccardo Taddei, Niccolò Riccardi, Giusy Tiseo, Valentina Galfo and Giandomenico Biancofiore
Antibiotics 2023, 12(8), 1316; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12081316 - 15 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1228
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the transplant field, infectious complications after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) are major causes of morbidity and mortality. Bacterial intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are predominant during the first month post-transplantation and affect patient and graft survival. Recently, the emergence of multidrug [...] Read more.
Despite recent advances in the transplant field, infectious complications after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) are major causes of morbidity and mortality. Bacterial intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are predominant during the first month post-transplantation and affect patient and graft survival. Recently, the emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria has generated great concern in OLT patients. We performed this narrative review of the literature in order to propose a “ready-to-use” flowchart for reasoned empirical antibiotic therapy in the case of suspected post-OLT IAIs. The review was ultimately organized into four sections: “Epidemiology and predisposing factors for IAI”; “Surgical-site infections and perioperative prophylaxis”; “MDRO colonization and infections”; and “Reasoned-empirical antibiotic therapy in early intra-abdominal infections post OLT and source control”. Multidisciplinary teamwork is warranted to individualize strategies for the prevention and treatment of IAIs in OLT recipients, taking into account each patient’s risk factors, the surgical characteristics, and the local bacterial epidemiology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intra-abdominal Infections: From Diagnosis to Source Control)
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