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Antibiotics
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Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Use in Companion Animals II
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Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Use in Companion Animals II

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics in Animal Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 6340

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cátia Marques

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Lusófona, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
2. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Universidade de Lisboa, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; veterinary microbiology; molecular epidemiology of urinary tract pathogens; veterinary medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Constança Pomba

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Universidade de vc vbLisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; veterinary microbiology; Enterobactereaceae; companion animals; One Health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The first volume of the Special Issue “Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Use in Companion Animals” was published in 2022. It was a successful issue with twelve published papers and has encouraged us to open a second volume with the same topic.

As a continuation of the Special Issue published in 2022, in this second volume, we also invite researchers to submit manuscripts about the detection and characterization of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in companion animals. Studies about antimicrobial stewardship and the effect of antimicrobial use on the selection of resistant bacteria will also be considered. This Special Issue welcomes studies on the epidemiology of resistance determinants and the characterization of bacterial lineages. Manuscripts on Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp., Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Enterococcus spp. and anaerobic bacteria are encouraged. The role of companion animals in the dissemination of resistant anaerobic bacteria will also be considered.

With this Special Issue, we aim to continuously gather information about the role of companion animals in the dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria following the appraised concept of One Health that links humans, animals, and the environment.

Dr. Cátia Marques
Dr. Constança Pomba
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial resistance
  • companion animals
  • high-risk clonal lineages
  • resistance determinants
  • anaerobic bacteria
  • One Health
  • ESBL
  • carbapenemase
  • mecA
  • VRE

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 865 KiB  
Communication
Approaches Used to Construct Antibiograms for Dogs in a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the United States
by John E. Ekakoro, Lynn Guptill, Kenitra Hendrix, Melinda Anderson and Audrey Ruple
Antibiotics 2023, 12(6), 1034; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12061034 - 09 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1156
Abstract
Non-judicious antimicrobial use (AMU) is a major driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In human hospitals, cumulative antibiograms are often used by clinicians to evaluate local susceptibility rates and to select the most appropriate empiric therapy with the aim of minimizing inappropriate AMU. However, [...] Read more.
Non-judicious antimicrobial use (AMU) is a major driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In human hospitals, cumulative antibiograms are often used by clinicians to evaluate local susceptibility rates and to select the most appropriate empiric therapy with the aim of minimizing inappropriate AMU. However, the use of cumulative antibiograms to guide empiric antimicrobial therapy in veterinary hospitals in the United States is limited, and there are no specific guidelines or standardized methods available for the construction of antibiograms in veterinary clinical settings. The objective of this methods article is to describe the approaches that were used to construct antibiograms from clinical samples collected from dogs seen at a veterinary teaching hospital. Laboratory data for 563 dogs for the period from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2015 was utilized. We used the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines for use in the construction of the antibiograms in human healthcare settings as the basis for the veterinary antibiograms. One general antibiogram and antibiograms stratified by hospital section, the anatomic region of sample collection/by sample type, were created and the challenges encountered in preparing these antibiograms were highlighted. The approaches described could be useful in guiding veterinary antibiogram development for empiric therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Use in Companion Animals II)
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15 pages, 1085 KiB  
Article
Risk Factors, Genetic Diversity, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococcus spp. Isolates in Dogs Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit of a Veterinary Hospital
by Jordana Almeida Santana, Amanda Oliveira Paraguassu, Ranielle Stephanie Toledo Santana, Rafael Gariglio Clark Xavier, Patricia Maria Colleto Freitas, Flavia Figueira Aburjaile, Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo, Bertram Brenig, Anders Miki Bojesen and Rodrigo Otávio Silveira Silva
Antibiotics 2023, 12(3), 621; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12030621 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1728
Abstract
Intensive Care Units (ICU) usually provide an excellent environment for the selection of pathogens associated with hospital-acquired infections (HAI), leading to increased mortality and hospitalization costs. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is a major cause of HAI in dogs worldwide, but the risk factors [...] Read more.
Intensive Care Units (ICU) usually provide an excellent environment for the selection of pathogens associated with hospital-acquired infections (HAI), leading to increased mortality and hospitalization costs. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is a major cause of HAI in dogs worldwide, but the risk factors and dynamics of colonization by MRSP are largely unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with the acquisition of MRSP in dogs admitted to an ICU, and to report the antimicrobial resistance profiles and genetic relatedness of MRSP isolates. Sterile swabs from the nostril, axilla, and rectum were collected daily during the hospitalization of 54 dogs. Samples were subjected to Mannitol Salt Agar, and colonies were identified by MALDI-ToF, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and sequencing of the rpoB gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and PCR detection of mecA were performed. Staphylococcus spp. was isolated from 94% of the dogs, and the most frequently isolated species was S. pseudintermedius (88.2%). Carriage of multidrug resistant (MDR) staphylococci was observed in 64.4% of the dogs, and approximately 39% had methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus sp. (MRS), of which 21.6% had MRSP and 1.9% had methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The acquisition of MRSP during ICU hospitalization was associated with sex (female), age (>7 years), and dogs that had previously been treated with antimicrobials. Animals colonized by MRSP resistant to ≥9 antimicrobial classes had longer hospital stays than those colonized by other MRS strains. Among the 13 MRSP isolates that were subjected to whole-genome sequencing, ten were classified as ST71. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis revealed three clones, including one that was detected in infected dogs outside the ICU. This study indicates novel risk factors associated with colonization by MRSP. The detection of the same MRSP clone causing HAI outside the ICU reinforces the need for improved infection prevention and control practices at veterinary hospitals in general and at the ICU in particular. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Use in Companion Animals II)
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18 pages, 2051 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Effect of 4,4′-Dihydroxy-azobenzene against Clinically Resistant Staphylococci
by María Pérez-Aranda, Eloísa Pajuelo, Salvadora Navarro-Torre, Patricia Pérez-Palacios, Belén Begines, Ignacio D. Rodríguez-Llorente, Yadir Torres and Ana Alcudia
Antibiotics 2022, 11(12), 1800; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11121800 - 11 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1327
Abstract
The spread of antibiotic resistance among human and animal pathogens is one of the more significant public health concerns. Moreover, the restrictions on the use of particular antibiotics can limit the options for the treatment of infections in veterinary clinical practice. In this [...] Read more.
The spread of antibiotic resistance among human and animal pathogens is one of the more significant public health concerns. Moreover, the restrictions on the use of particular antibiotics can limit the options for the treatment of infections in veterinary clinical practice. In this context, searching for alternative antimicrobial substances is crucial nowadays. In this study, 4,4′-dihydroxy-azobenzene (DHAB) was tested for its potential in vitro as an antimicrobial agent against two relevant human and animal pathogens, namely Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. The values of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) were 64 and 32 mg/L respectively, and they comparable to other azo compounds of probed antimicrobial activity. In addition, the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MCB) were 256 and 64 mg/L. The mechanism by which DHAB produces toxicity in staphylococci has been investigated. DHAB caused membrane damage as revealed by the increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) such as malondialdehyde. Furthermore, differential induction of the enzymes peroxidases and superoxide dismutase in S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius suggested their prevalent role in ROS-scavenging due to the oxidative burst induced by this compound in either species. In addition, this substance was able to inhibit the formation of biofilms by both bacteria as observed by colorimetric tests and scanning electron microscopy. In order to assess the relevance of DHAB against clinical strains of MRSA, 10 clinical isolates resistant to either methicillin or daptomycin were assayed; 80% of them gave values of CMI and CMB similar to those of the control S. aureus strain. Finally, cutaneous plasters containing a composite formed by an agar base supplemented with DHAB were designed. These plasters were able to inhibit in vitro the growth of S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius, particularly the later, and this suggests that this substance could be a promising candidate as an alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of animal skin infections, as it has been proven that the toxicity of this substance is very low particularly at a dermal level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Use in Companion Animals II)
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13 pages, 1123 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial Resistance and Prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Dogs and Cats in Northeastern China from 2012 to 2021
by Yifan Zhou, Xue Ji, Bing Liang, Bowen Jiang, Yan Li, Tingyv Yuan, Lingwei Zhu, Jun Liu, Xuejun Guo and Yang Sun
Antibiotics 2022, 11(11), 1506; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11111506 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 1601
Abstract
(1) Background: there has been a growing concern about pet-spread bacterial zoonosis in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the trend in drug-resistance of canine Escherichia coli isolates in northeast China between 2012–2021 and the differences in drug-resistance of E. coli of [...] Read more.
(1) Background: there has been a growing concern about pet-spread bacterial zoonosis in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the trend in drug-resistance of canine Escherichia coli isolates in northeast China between 2012–2021 and the differences in drug-resistance of E. coli of different origins in 2021. (2) Methods: E. coli were isolated from feces or anal swab samples from dogs and cats, and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles and phylogenetic grouping were identified. PCR was applied on the extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) E. coli for antibiotic resistance genes. (3) Results: five hundred and fifty-four E. coli isolates were detected in 869 samples (63.75%). The multidrug resistance (MDR) rates of E. coli in pet dogs showed a decreasing trend, but working dogs showed the opposite trend. Resistance genes blaCTX-M and blaCTX-M+TEM were dominant among the ESBL producers (n = 219). The consistency between the resistance phenotypes and genes was high except for fluoroquinolone-resistant ESBL E. coli. All ESBL E. coli-carrying blaNDM were isolated from working dogs, and one of the strains carried mcr-1 and blaNDM-4. Phylogroup B2 was the dominant group in pet cats, and more than half of the isolates from companion cats were ESBL E. coli. (4) Conclusions: the measures taken to reduce resistance in China were beginning to bear fruit. Companion cats may be more susceptible to colonization by ESBL E. coli. The problem of resistant bacteria in working dogs and pet cats warrants concern. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Use in Companion Animals II)
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