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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Treatment in Oral Diseases
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Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Treatment in Oral Diseases

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotic Therapy in Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 4151

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Zhengwei Huang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
Interests: oral microecology; host–microbiome interaction; antimicrobial agents
Prof. Dr. Linglin Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Road South, Chengdu 610041, China
Interests: biomimetic drug development; antimicrobial peptides; high-throughput omics analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Oral microecology is one of the central microecological communities in the human body, in which the complex microbial structure is crucial for maintaining oral health. The occurrence and development of some oral diseases, especially oral infectious diseases represented by dental caries, periodontal diseases, and oral maxillofacial infections, are closely related to the action of oral microorganisms. Therefore, the discovery and validation of oral pathogenic microorganisms can help us further understand the role of microbial factors in the course of oral diseases and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment and clinical diagnosis of oral diseases. In addition,  conventional oral antibacterial therapy may lead to some disadvantages, including indiscriminate killing, drug resistance, and oral microecological imbalance. For this reason, novel oral antimicrobial strategies emphasise the targeting of specific oral pathogens and ways of improving the adverse oral pathogenic microenvironment.
This Special Issue intends to focus on the following topics: (1) the discovery and validation of pathogenic and associated microorganisms in oral diseases through high-throughput sequencing and other advanced technologies; (2) the roles of some specific oral microorganisms in the occurrence and fate of oral diseases; (3) the importance of the oral microbiome and its interactions in maintaining oral and systemic health; (4) the discovery and functional verification of novel antimicrobial treatments targeting specific oral pathogens or pathogenic microenvironments in oral diseases; and (5) overcoming the obstacles of the current antimicrobial treatments for oral diseases and prospects for the future trends of oral antimicrobial therapy.

Prof. Dr. Zhengwei Huang
Prof. Dr. Linglin Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral microecology
  • oral pathogens
  • oral diseases
  • host–microbiome interaction
  • antimicrobial treatment
  • drug discovery
  • pathogen-targeted therapy

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 8578 KiB  
Article
Effects of Sulforaphene on the Cariogenic Properties of Streptococcus Mutans In Vitro and Dental Caries Development In Vivo
by Yuehong Zhou, Binhan Zhang, Yufei Wang and Rongdang Hu
Antibiotics 2023, 12(9), 1359; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12091359 - 24 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1202
Abstract
Sulforaphene (SFE) is a common nutritional supplement with antibacterial, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of SFE on the cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans and dental caries have not been reported. The objectives of this study were to investigate the caries-controlling potential of [...] Read more.
Sulforaphene (SFE) is a common nutritional supplement with antibacterial, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of SFE on the cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans and dental caries have not been reported. The objectives of this study were to investigate the caries-controlling potential of SFE. The effects of SFE on S. mutans were investigated using the broth microdilution method, crystal violet staining, SEM observation, acid tolerance assays, lactic acid quantification, and polysaccharide measurements. A rat caries model was established to evaluate the caries-controlling effects and biocompatibility of SFE in vivo. SFE inhibited S. mutans growth and biofilm formation. Furthermore, SFE restrained the cariogenic properties of S. mutans, including its acid production, acid tolerance, and extracellular polysaccharide production, without affecting the bacterial viability at sub-inhibitory levels. In the rat caries model, SFE significantly arrested the onset and development of dental caries. Moreover, no visible hemolytic phenomenon or cytotoxicity was detected in the SFE groups. After four weeks of SFE treatment, all rats remained in apparent good health with no significant differences in weight gain; their hemogram and biochemical parameters were normal; no pathological changes were observed in the oral mucosa, liver, or kidneys. In conclusion, SFE was safe and inhibited the development of caries effectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Treatment in Oral Diseases)
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18 pages, 3852 KiB  
Article
Anticariogenic Activity of Celastrol and Its Enhancement of Streptococcal Antagonism in Multispecies Biofilm
by Hao Li, Chenguang Niu, Junyuan Luo, Zhengwei Huang and Wei Zhou
Antibiotics 2023, 12(8), 1245; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12081245 - 28 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1062
Abstract
Dental caries is a chronic disease resulting from dysbiosis in the oral microbiome. Antagonism of commensal Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus gordonii against cariogenic Streptococcus mutans is pivotal to keep the microecological balance. However, concerns are growing on antimicrobial agents in anticaries therapy, for [...] Read more.
Dental caries is a chronic disease resulting from dysbiosis in the oral microbiome. Antagonism of commensal Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus gordonii against cariogenic Streptococcus mutans is pivotal to keep the microecological balance. However, concerns are growing on antimicrobial agents in anticaries therapy, for broad spectrum antimicrobials may have a profound impact on the oral microbial community, especially on commensals. Here, we report celastrol, extracted from Traditional Chinese Medicine’s Tripterygium wilfordii (TW) plant, as a promising anticaries candidate. Our results revealed that celastrol showed antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against cariogenic bacteria S. mutans while exhibiting low cytotoxicity. By using a multispecies biofilm formed by S. mutans UA159, S. sanguinis SK36, and S. gordonii DL1, we observed that even at relatively low concentrations, celastrol reduced S. mutans proportion and thereby inhibited lactic acid production as well as water-insoluble glucan formation. We found that celastrol thwarted S. mutans outgrowth through the activation of pyruvate oxidase (SpxB) and H2O2-dependent antagonism between commensal oral streptococci and S. mutans. Our data reveal new anticaries properties of celastrol that enhance oral streptococcal antagonism, which thwarts S. mutans outgrowth, indicating its potential to maintain oral microbial balance for prospective anticaries therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Treatment in Oral Diseases)
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14 pages, 1261 KiB  
Article
Novel Lactotransferrin-Derived Antimicrobial Peptide LF-1 Inhibits the Cariogenic Virulence Factors of Streptococcus mutans
by Junyuan Luo, Zening Feng, Xiaohui Lyu and Linglin Zhang
Antibiotics 2023, 12(3), 563; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12030563 - 13 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1341
Abstract
We previously developed a novel lactotransferrin-derived antimicrobial peptide, LF-1, with selective antibacterial activity against the characteristic cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans. This study further investigated the effects of LF-1 on the cariogenic virulence factors of S. mutans and evaluated the changes in virulence-associated [...] Read more.
We previously developed a novel lactotransferrin-derived antimicrobial peptide, LF-1, with selective antibacterial activity against the characteristic cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans. This study further investigated the effects of LF-1 on the cariogenic virulence factors of S. mutans and evaluated the changes in virulence-associated enzymes and genes; the viability, acidogenicity, and aciduricity of planktonic S. mutans; and initial colonisation and biofilm formation after treatment with LF-1. The method of qRT-PCR was used to evaluate S. mutans virulence-associated gene expression. LF-1 interfered with the cell viability of S. mutans within 6 h. LF-1 inhibited the acidogenicity and aciduricity of S. mutans, with reduced lactic acid production and survival in a lethal acidic environment, and inactivated lactate dehydrogenase and F1F0-ATPase activity. LF-1 decreased surface-adherent S. mutans within 60 min and inhibited S. mutans biofilm formation, where scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy showed reduced extracellular matrix and bacteria. LF-1 downregulates S. mutans virulence-associated gene expression. LF-1 inhibited the growth and cariogenic virulence factors of S. mutans in vitro with a reduction in key enzymatic activity and downregulation of virulence-associated gene expression. LF-1 has promising application prospects in the fight against S. mutans and dental caries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathogen Detection and Antimicrobial Treatment in Oral Diseases)
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