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Animals
Special Issues
Recent Studies on Equine Rhodococcosis
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Recent Studies on Equine Rhodococcosis

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Equids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 4481

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Anna Cywinska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: equine; comparative immunology; cytokine; inflammatory response; sport
Dr. Lucjan Witkowski

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Laboratory of Veterinary Epidemiology and Economic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: infectious diseases; equine; epidemiology; horse; diagnostic tests
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Equine rhodococcosis is a widespread health issue affecting foals before weaning. The onset of the disease widely varies and may pose either a serious cause of morbidity due to acute pneumonia or a cause of pulmonary lesions without clinical presentation. Many aspects of the disease remain unclear, making the diagnosis and prognosis challenging, particularly in field conditions. Since the pathogen is ubiquitous, opportunistic, and intracellular, prevention strategies and possible treatment options are limited. There is still a paucity of research regarding the pathophysiological aspects of the disease that could guide accurate early diagnosis, including distinguishing between survivors and non-survivors and regarding management and prevention, particularly immunoprophylaxis. This Special Issue aims to showcase emerging practices in these fields.

Moreover, the context of increasing antimicrobial resistance and the One Health concept that are being moved from vision to implementation can shift the understanding of infectious diseases, including rhodococcosis, to a more multidisciplinary way.  

Original manuscripts in the form of research or review papers that relate to any aspects of equine rhodococcosis, including advances in clinical and molecular diagnosis, onset related findings, and any forms of prevention strategies, are all welcomed for this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Anna Cywinska
Prof. Dr. Lucjan Witkowski
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Rhodococcus equi
  • foal rhodococcosis, epidemiology
  • clinical aspects
  • diagnosis
  • pathogenesis
  • molecular biology
  • immunity
  • immunization
  • vaccine
  • prophylaxis
  • antimicrobial resistance

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2912 KiB  
Article
Novel Quantitative PCR for Rhodococcus equi and Macrolide Resistance Detection in Equine Respiratory Samples
by Sonsiray Álvarez Narváez, Ingrid Fernández, Nikita V. Patel and Susan Sánchez
Animals 2022, 12(9), 1172; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12091172 - 03 May 2022
Viewed by 1752
Abstract
R. equi is an important veterinary pathogen that takes the lives of many foals every year. With the emergence and spread of MDR R. equi to current antimicrobial treatment, new tools that can provide a fast and accurate diagnosis of the disease and [...] Read more.
R. equi is an important veterinary pathogen that takes the lives of many foals every year. With the emergence and spread of MDR R. equi to current antimicrobial treatment, new tools that can provide a fast and accurate diagnosis of the disease and antimicrobial resistance profile are needed. Here, we have developed and analytically validated a multiplex qPCR for the simultaneous detection of R. equi and related macrolide resistance genes in equine respiratory samples. The three sets of oligos designed in this study to identify R. equi housekeeping gene choE and macrolide resistance genes erm(46) and erm(51) showed high analytic sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) individually and in combination below 12 complete genome copies per PCR reaction, and an amplification efficiency between 90% and 147%. Additionally, our multiplex qPCR shows high specificity in in-silico analysis. Furthermore, it did not present any cross-reaction with normal flora from the equine respiratory tract, nor commonly encountered respiratory pathogens in horses or other genetically close organisms. Our new quantitative PCR is a trustable tool that will improve the speed of R. equi infection diagnosis, as well as helping in treatment selection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Studies on Equine Rhodococcosis)
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16 pages, 8806 KiB  
Article
Ion Channel and Ubiquitin Differential Expression during Erythromycin-Induced Anhidrosis in Foals
by Laura Patterson Rosa, Martha F. Mallicote, Robert J. MacKay and Samantha A. Brooks
Animals 2021, 11(12), 3379; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11123379 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2042
Abstract
Macrolide drugs are the treatment of choice for Rhodococcus equi infections, despite severe side-effects temporary anhidrosis as a. To better understand the molecular biology leading to macrolide induced anhidrosis, we performed skin biopsies and Quantitative Intradermal Terbutaline Sweat Tests (QITSTs) in six healthy [...] Read more.
Macrolide drugs are the treatment of choice for Rhodococcus equi infections, despite severe side-effects temporary anhidrosis as a. To better understand the molecular biology leading to macrolide induced anhidrosis, we performed skin biopsies and Quantitative Intradermal Terbutaline Sweat Tests (QITSTs) in six healthy pony-cross foals for three different timepoints during erythromycin administration—pre-treatment (baseline), during anhidrosis and post-recovery. RNA sequencing of biopsies followed by differential gene expression analysis compared both pre and post normal sweating timepoints to the erythromycin induced anhidrosis episode. After Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, 132 gene transcripts were significantly differentially expressed during the anhidrotic timepoint. Gene ontology analysis of the full differentially expressed gene set identified over-represented biological functions for ubiquitination and ion-channel function, both biologically relevant to sweat production. These same mechanisms were previously implicated in heritable equine idiopathic anhidrosis and sweat gland function and their involvement in macrolide-induced temporary anhidrosis warrants further investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Studies on Equine Rhodococcosis)
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