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Agronomy
Special Issues
The Adaptation of Agriculture to Climatic Change
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The Adaptation of Agriculture to Climatic Change

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 32666

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sruthi Narayanan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Plant and Environmental Sciences Department, 212 Biosystems Research Complex, 105 Collings Street, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
Interests: crop response and adaptation to climate change; improving field crop production through sustainable agronomic practices
Dr. Nithya Rajan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 400 Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Interests: crop ecophysiology; agroecology; water management of agricultural crops

Special Issue Information

Climate change is already impacting and will continue to impact agriculture and food supplies worldwide. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that food security will be increasingly affected by projected future climate change by 2050 if agricultural practices are not optimized and scaled up to advance adaptation throughout the food system. Agronomic research looks at this challenge from an integrated, holistic perspective. It thrives in identifying opportunities that exist for altering management of cropping systems to deal with projected climatic and atmospheric changes. These opportunities include but are not limited to: (1) use of varieties/species, which have abiotic stress (e.g., heat and drought) tolerance and more appropriate thermal time and vernalization requirements, (2) increasing biodiversity in cropping systems (e.g., cover cropping) and enhancing soil health, (3) altering fertilizer management strategies to maintain the quality and quantity of the crop economic product consistent with the prevailing climate, (4) altering irrigation and water management strategies, (5) innovations in rain water harvesting techniques and soil water conservation and use, (6) managing excess water to prevent water logging, erosion, and nutrient leaching in high rainfall areas, (7) altering the timing and location of crop production, (8) diversification of farming systems through integration of ‘non-crop’ components such as livestock, (9) enhancing pest, disease, and weed management strategies, and (10) improving the effectiveness of climate forecasting to reduce production risks.

This Special Issue will focus on “The Adaptation of Agriculture to Climatic Change”. We are open to original research, reviews, and opinion articles covering all aspects of individual crop and cropping system management to adapt to climate change. We welcome studies focusing on agronomic crops and cropping systems in order to prepare the current food production system for upcoming challenges.

Dr. Sruthi Narayanan
Dr. Nithya Rajan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change
  • cropping systems
  • stress-tolerant varieties/species
  • biodiversity
  • cover cropping
  • soil health
  • fertilizer management
  • water management
  • planting time
  • planting methods
  • farm diversification
  • pest and disease management
  • climate forecasting

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2729 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Methods to Evaluate Rice (Oryza sativa) Germplasm for Tolerance to Low Temperature at the Seedling Stage
by Nirmal Sharma, Russell Reinke and Erik J. Sacks
Agronomy 2021, 11(2), 385; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020385 - 21 Feb 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2772
Abstract
Low temperature stress at the seedling stage is a major constraint to rice (Oryza sativa) production. Previously developed screening protocols typically germinate seed and establish seedlings under warm constant-temperature conditions that are optimal for growth, prior to initiating a constant low-temperature [...] Read more.
Low temperature stress at the seedling stage is a major constraint to rice (Oryza sativa) production. Previously developed screening protocols typically germinate seed and establish seedlings under warm constant-temperature conditions that are optimal for growth, prior to initiating a constant low-temperature challenge. We developed three controlled-environment protocols mimicking extreme cold boro (winter) seasons based on 25 years weather data from Bangladesh to test the hypothesis that by more closely replicating field conditions, greater information about cultivars could be obtained compared to standard protocols. Root and shoot growth after germination in a Petri dish at 20 °C for three weeks gave similar results as visual scores of transplanted seedlings in a standard five-week protocol. Moreover, transplanted seedlings at the end of the nine-week mimic protocols showed large differences in height and dry biomass, whereas for the standard protocols, growth during the warm pre-treatment substantially masked these genotypic differences. Thus, initial screening of large rice germplasm panels can be most efficiently accomplished with a short-duration germination test at low temperature. However, more effective differentiation of cultivars can be accomplished by measuring transplanted seedling growth from the newly-developed mimic protocols. These results will facilitate the development of improved rice cultivars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Adaptation of Agriculture to Climatic Change)
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13 pages, 1811 KiB  
Article
Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Management in the Northwestern Part of Uzbekistan
by Ahmad Hamidov, Mukhamadkhan Khamidov and Javlonbek Ishchanov
Agronomy 2020, 10(8), 1173; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081173 - 10 Aug 2020
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 4727
Abstract
Global climate change can have a significant impact on the development and sustainability of agricultural production. Climate scenarios indicate that an expected increase in air temperature in semiarid Uzbekistan can lead to an increase in evapotranspiration from agricultural fields, an increase in irrigation [...] Read more.
Global climate change can have a significant impact on the development and sustainability of agricultural production. Climate scenarios indicate that an expected increase in air temperature in semiarid Uzbekistan can lead to an increase in evapotranspiration from agricultural fields, an increase in irrigation water requirements, and a deterioration in the ameliorative status of irrigated lands. The long-term mismanagement of irrigation practices and poor conditions of drainage infrastructure have led to an increase in the water table and its salinization level in the northwestern part of Uzbekistan. This article presents the results of an analysis of the amelioration of irrigated lands in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan as well as the modeling of the dynamics of water table depths and salinity levels using the Mann–Kendall trend test and linear regression model. The study estimated the water table depths and salinity dynamics under the impact of climate change during 2020–2050 and 2050–2100. The results show that the water table depths in the region would generally decrease (from 1.72 m in 2050 to 1.77 m by 2100 based on the Mann–Kendall trend test; from 1.75 m in 2050 to 1.79 m by 2100 according to the linear regression model), but its salinity level would increase (from 1.72 g·L−1 in 2050 to 1.85 g·L−1 by 2100 based on the Mann–Kendall trend test; from 1.97 g·L−1 in 2050 to 2.1 g·L−1 by 2100 according to the linear regression model). The results of the study provide insights into the groundwater response to climate change and assist authorities in better planning management strategies for the region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Adaptation of Agriculture to Climatic Change)
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Review

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29 pages, 656 KiB  
Review
Intercropping—A Low Input Agricultural Strategy for Food and Environmental Security
by Sagar Maitra, Akbar Hossain, Marian Brestic, Milan Skalicky, Peter Ondrisik, Harun Gitari, Koushik Brahmachari, Tanmoy Shankar, Preetha Bhadra, Jnana Bharati Palai, Jagadish Jena, Urjashi Bhattacharya, Sarath Kumar Duvvada, Sagar Lalichetti and Masina Sairam
Agronomy 2021, 11(2), 343; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020343 - 14 Feb 2021
Cited by 139 | Viewed by 24466
Abstract
Intensive agriculture is based on the use of high-energy inputs and quality planting materials with assured irrigation, but it has failed to assure agricultural sustainability because of creation of ecological imbalance and degradation of natural resources. On the other hand, intercropping systems, also [...] Read more.
Intensive agriculture is based on the use of high-energy inputs and quality planting materials with assured irrigation, but it has failed to assure agricultural sustainability because of creation of ecological imbalance and degradation of natural resources. On the other hand, intercropping systems, also known as mixed cropping or polyculture, a traditional farming practice with diversified crop cultivation, uses comparatively low inputs and improves the quality of the agro-ecosystem. Intensification of crops can be done spatially and temporally by the adoption of the intercropping system targeting future need. Intercropping ensures multiple benefits like enhancement of yield, environmental security, production sustainability and greater ecosystem services. In intercropping, two or more crop species are grown concurrently as they coexist for a significant part of the crop cycle and interact among themselves and agro-ecosystems. Legumes as component crops in the intercropping system play versatile roles like biological N fixation and soil quality improvement, additional yield output including protein yield, and creation of functional diversity. But growing two or more crops together requires additional care and management for the creation of less competition among the crop species and efficient utilization of natural resources. Research evidence showed beneficial impacts of a properly managed intercropping system in terms of resource utilization and combined yield of crops grown with low-input use. The review highlights the principles and management of an intercropping system and its benefits and usefulness as a low-input agriculture for food and environmental security. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Adaptation of Agriculture to Climatic Change)
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