Apatite–Calcite Flotation Separation Using Sodium N-Lauroylsarcosinate as a Selective Collector
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. Chemical Composition and X-ray Diffraction
2.2.2. Zeta Potential and FTIR Measurements
2.2.3. Flotation Experiments
2.2.4. Computational Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of Apatite and Calcite Minerals
3.2. Flotation of Single Minerals
3.2.1. Effect of pH
3.2.2. Effect of SNLS Concentration
3.3. Flotation of Binary Mixture
Effects of SNLS Concentration at Fixed pH
3.4. Flotation of the Natural Phosphate Ore
3.5. Zeta Potential Measurements of Treated Minerals
3.6. FTIR Measurements of Treated Minerals
3.7. Adsorption of SNLS on Apatite and Calcite Surfaces
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item | Weight % | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Calcite | Apatite | Binary Mixed Mineral Sample | Natural Ore | |
P2O5 | 0.02 | 34.58 | 33.1 | 21.16 |
CaO | 55.5 | 56.97 | 43.5 | 53.5 |
MgO | 0.20 | 0.005 | 0.18 | 0.785 |
Fe2O3 | 0.014 | 0.001 | 0.012 | 1.45 |
SiO2 | 0.195 | 0.003 | 0.22 | 1.27 |
Al2O3 | 0.028 | 0.016 | 0. 035 | 0.4 |
K2O | 0.016 | 0.012 | 0.015 | 0.15 |
Na2O | 0.015 | 0.018 | 0.018 | 0.08 |
CO2 | 43.9 | 4.498 | 20.5 | 19.5 |
F | 0.11 | 3.897 | 2.42 | 1.65 |
Total | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
No. | Feed | Concentrate | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weight, % | Apatite, % | Calcite, % | Weight, % | Recovery, % | Grade, % | |||
Apatite | Calcite | Float | Sink | |||||
1 | 1 | 1 | 16.5 | 22 | 62 | 38 | 83.1 | 29.5 |
2 | 1.5 | 0.5 | 24.7 | 11 | 32 | 68 | 90.5 | 31.1 |
SNLS Concentrate, mmol/L | Concentrate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Weight, % | Recovery, % | Grade | |||
Calcite, % | Apatite, % | ||||
0.001 | 26 | 40.5 | 30 | 15.8 | |
0.01 | 31 | 54.02 | 34 | 12.9 | |
0.03 | 35 | 65.5 | 36.5 | 10.6 | |
0.05 | 39 | 80 | 41.2 | 5.6 | |
Total | 100 | 100 | 19.5 | 21.1 |
Reagent | Mineral Surface | Adsorption Energy (kJ/mol) | Bond | Bond Length (Å) | Mulliken Overlap Population |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SNLS | Apatite (001) | −111.473 | O1–Ca1 | 2.413 | 0.11 |
O2–Ca2 | 2.437 | 0.09 | |||
Calcite (104) | −229.302 | O3–Ca3 | 2.394 | 0.12 | |
O4–Ca4 | 2.387 | 0.14 | |||
H2O | Apatite (001) | −145.147 | O–Ca | 2.355 | 0.14 |
Calcite (104) | −53.785 | O–Ca | 2.459 | 0.08 |
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Abdel-Halim, M.M.; Fan, R.; Khalek, M.A.A.; Zheng, R.; Xu, S.; Gao, Z. Apatite–Calcite Flotation Separation Using Sodium N-Lauroylsarcosinate as a Selective Collector. Minerals 2023, 13, 970. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070970
Abdel-Halim MM, Fan R, Khalek MAA, Zheng R, Xu S, Gao Z. Apatite–Calcite Flotation Separation Using Sodium N-Lauroylsarcosinate as a Selective Collector. Minerals. 2023; 13(7):970. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070970
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdel-Halim, Mohamed M., Ruihua Fan, Mohamed A. Abdel Khalek, Renji Zheng, Shihong Xu, and Zhiyong Gao. 2023. "Apatite–Calcite Flotation Separation Using Sodium N-Lauroylsarcosinate as a Selective Collector" Minerals 13, no. 7: 970. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13070970