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Water
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Research on the Interaction of Water Waves and Ocean Structures
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Research on the Interaction of Water Waves and Ocean Structures

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 10129

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chih-Hua Chang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Information Management & Natural Science Division in General Education Center, Ling Tung University, Taichung, Taiwan
Interests: numerical simulation of wave-structure interaction; wave induced boundary layer problem; vortex flows
Prof. Dr. Ruey-Syan Shih

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Harbor & River Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
Interests: wave attenuation structure; numerical wave flume and wave flow field simulation; PIV technique on wave–structure interactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Der-Chang Lo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Maritime Information and Technology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Interests: computational fluid dynamics; ocean engineering; hydraulic engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is our great honor to contact you from the Editorial Board office of the journal Water. We would like to invite you to contribute to a Special Issue entitled “Research on the Interaction of Water Waves and Ocean Structures”, for which the deadline is October 31, 2022.

The aim and scope of the Special Issue is to invite paper contributions on recent developments and applications relating to the interaction of water waves and ocean/coastal structures. In recent years, with the increasing demand for coastal protection and marine resources, artificial structures have been established on the coast as well as in the ocean. These structures are constantly impacted by waves and currents. Under structural influence, the behavior of waves becomes more complex; therefore, the issue of water waves interacting with structures has become an important and challenging research topic. We invite experts and scholars in this field to submit their related theoretical, numerical, and experimental research on the interaction of water waves and various types of artificial or natural structures for possible inclusion in this Special Issue of Water.

Feel free to contact us if you have any questions. 

Best regards,

Dr. Chih-Hua Chang
Prof. Dr. Ruey-Syan Shih
Prof. Dr. Der-Chang Lo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water waves
  • Wave force
  • Wave-structure interaction
  • coastal protection
  • submarine geomorphology
  • coastal topography
  • wave energy
  • coastal engineering
  • ocean engineering

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 7491 KiB  
Article
Field Measurements and Modelling of Vessel-Generated Waves and Caused Bank Erosion—A Case Study at the Sabine–Neches Waterway, Texas, USA
by Qin Qian, Lin Su, Victor Zaloom, Mien Jao, Xing Wu and Keh-Han Wang
Water 2023, 15(1), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15010035 - 22 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2007
Abstract
The Sabine–Neches Waterway (SNWW) is home to the largest commercial port of the United States military and of the refineries that produce 60% of the nation’s commercial jet fuel. The deposited sediments from bank erosion due to wake wash result in frequent dredging [...] Read more.
The Sabine–Neches Waterway (SNWW) is home to the largest commercial port of the United States military and of the refineries that produce 60% of the nation’s commercial jet fuel. The deposited sediments from bank erosion due to wake wash result in frequent dredging to keep the waterway operational. This study investigates vessel-generated waves and their impacts on bank erosion. Surface wave data at Golden Pass and the City of Port Arthur Park dock were measured using a 1 MHz Aquadopp Profiler. Bank properties such as soil strengths were measured and soil samples were collected. Acceptable predictive models for estimating the maximum wave heights caused by vessels sailing through the SNWW were developed and validated with recorded data. Vessel-generated waves are found to produce enough shear forces to mobilize bed sediments and cause bank erosion. The bed erosion rate increases with an increase in wave height or a decrease in water depth. Bank and bank toe erosion occurs at both monitoring locations. Bank stability and toe erosion model (BSTEM) results suggest that potential bank protection options are large woody debris and riprap at Port Arthur. However, other stronger stabilization methods are required at Golden Pass. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on the Interaction of Water Waves and Ocean Structures)
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18 pages, 7872 KiB  
Article
A 3D Fully Non-Hydrostatic Model for Free-Surface Flows with Complex Immersed Boundaries
by Der-Chang Lo and Yuan-Shiang Tsai
Water 2022, 14(23), 3803; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14233803 - 22 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1333
Abstract
A fully non-hydrostatic hydrodynamic model is developed to simulate a three-dimensional, incompressible, and viscous free-surface flow passing downstream rigid rectangular and circular cylinders. A direct numerical simulation (DNS) based on the volume of fluid (VOF) and immersed boundary (IB) method is presented for [...] Read more.
A fully non-hydrostatic hydrodynamic model is developed to simulate a three-dimensional, incompressible, and viscous free-surface flow passing downstream rigid rectangular and circular cylinders. A direct numerical simulation (DNS) based on the volume of fluid (VOF) and immersed boundary (IB) method is presented for solving the Navier–Stokes equations. The numerical scheme provides accurate solutions with high efficiency using the novel computational procedure to model severe surface deformations. A staggered finite difference method with a Cartesian mesh coordinate system is used to discretize the governing equations with the complexity of the deformed free-surface flow, for which the numerical schemes include a free-surface tracking technique based on the VOF and a VOS-based IB method to simulate 3D dam-break flows passing the slender objects. Additionally, the case studies demonstrate the accuracy and flexibility of the proposed model to predict the impact forces of the surface flow against the different configurations of structures. The results reveal that the temporal variation of the impact force acted on the rectangular obstacle is dominated by the aspect ratio. The force increases with the increase in the shape parameter. The resistance caused by a thin obstacle is considerably less than the blunt shape. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on the Interaction of Water Waves and Ocean Structures)
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14 pages, 7863 KiB  
Article
Experimental Investigation on Bragg Resonant Reflection of Waves by Porous Submerged Breakwaters on a Horizontal Seabed
by Wei Xu, Chun Chen, Min Han Htet, Mohammad Saydul Islam Sarkar, Aifeng Tao, Zhen Wang, Jun Fan and Degang Jiang
Water 2022, 14(17), 2682; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14172682 - 29 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1750
Abstract
Submerged breakwaters based on Bragg resonance could be one of the measures used for mitigating marine disasters and coastal erosion in nearshore areas. Here, flume experiments were conducted to investigate the Bragg resonant reflection of waves propagating over porous submerged breakwaters. Furthermore, the [...] Read more.
Submerged breakwaters based on Bragg resonance could be one of the measures used for mitigating marine disasters and coastal erosion in nearshore areas. Here, flume experiments were conducted to investigate the Bragg resonant reflection of waves propagating over porous submerged breakwaters. Furthermore, the influence of permeability, relative width, relative height, and section shapes of submerged breakwaters on Bragg resonant reflection were considered. This revealed that the Bragg resonant reflection coefficient increased with the decrease in permeability and increase in the relative height of submerged breakwaters. However, a slowing trend occurred when the Bragg resonant reflection coefficient peak decreased with the increase in permeability and increased with the increase in relative height. Moreover, the primary peak Bragg resonance increased with the increase in the relative width of submerged breakwaters in the range of 0.1–0.3. This was consistent with the numerical results of Ni and Teng (2021), to a certain extent, as the reflection coefficient first increased and then decreased with the relative bar width. In addition, rectangular submerged breakwaters demonstrated a better reflection effect than the trapezoidal submerged breakwaters, and the triangular submerged breakwaters demonstrated a poor reflection effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on the Interaction of Water Waves and Ocean Structures)
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23 pages, 4859 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation on Solitary Wave Interaction with a Vertical Cylinder over a Viscous Mud Bed
by Ronglian Guo and Peter H.-Y. Lo
Water 2022, 14(7), 1135; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14071135 - 01 Apr 2022
Viewed by 1881
Abstract
This study investigated the hydrodynamics of a solitary wave passing a vertical cylinder over a viscous mud bed for the first time. A highly viscous Newtonian fluid was assumed as a simplified model for fluid mud. A three-dimensional numerical wave flume consisting of [...] Read more.
This study investigated the hydrodynamics of a solitary wave passing a vertical cylinder over a viscous mud bed for the first time. A highly viscous Newtonian fluid was assumed as a simplified model for fluid mud. A three-dimensional numerical wave flume consisting of a fixed cylindrical structure and three viscous fluids—air, water, and mud—was constructed and validated. Numerical experiments were performed to investigate solitary wave interaction with a vertical cylinder over a viscous mud bed. Numerical results showed the mud surface deformation to be one order of magnitude smaller than the water surface deformation and their behaviors to be different: mud surface depressions occurred on the upstream and downstream sides of the cylinder, whereas mud surface elevations occurred on the lateral sides of the cylinder. This solitary wave induced scour pattern on a muddy seabed is different from that commonly observed on a sandy seabed. Water flow reversal near the water–mud interface was made more evident by the mud bed. Although the mud bed attenuated water waves, it nevertheless increased the total horizontal force and toppling moment exerted on the cylinder due to the wave-induced mud flow. These findings may be valuable to the design of marine structures on a muddy seabed and worthy of further investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on the Interaction of Water Waves and Ocean Structures)
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18 pages, 4998 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study of Forces Influencing Vertical Breakwater under Extreme Waves
by Hung-Chu Hsu, Yang-Yih Chen, Yi-Ru Chen and Meng-Syue Li
Water 2022, 14(4), 657; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14040657 - 20 Feb 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2304
Abstract
In order to understand the extreme wave acting on the vertical breakwater, a series of experiments were constructed in the wave tank to measure the variations of pressure on the front, rear faces, and below the caisson due to overtopping waves. The front [...] Read more.
In order to understand the extreme wave acting on the vertical breakwater, a series of experiments were constructed in the wave tank to measure the variations of pressure on the front, rear faces, and below the caisson due to overtopping waves. The front and backward horizontal forces and the uplift forces were estimated by integrating the dynamic wave pressure distributions. The COBRAS numerical model was also used to calculate the wave loads under various overtopping waves. The measured wave pressures and wave forces were compared with the predictions of numerical results and showed good agreement. It was found that the forces acting on the backward side of the vertical structure induced by the wave overtopping should be considered. From the experimental data, new semi-empirical equations for calculating the maximum wave forces are proposed using a least squares approximation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on the Interaction of Water Waves and Ocean Structures)
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