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Water
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Impact of Environmental Factors on Aquatic Ecosystem
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Impact of Environmental Factors on Aquatic Ecosystem

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Biodiversity and Functionality of Aquatic Ecosystems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 June 2024 | Viewed by 6274

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xuan Ban

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China
Interests: ecohydraulic; ecohydrology; habitat; ecosystem; environmental flows; dam operation; fish; Chinese sturgeon; Zoobenthos; reparian
Prof. Dr. Wenxian Guo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
Interests: ecohydrology; ecological flow; river habitats; wetland ecosystem; ecological operation; ecological effects
Prof. Dr. Yicheng Fu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China
Interests: ecological flow; eco-environmental restoration; nature-based solutions; watershed eco-compensation; equilibrium optimization calculation; sustainable development; optimal decision-making; wetland ecosystem service

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aquatic ecosystems are structured by the interaction of physical, biological and chemical processes on multiple spatial and temporal scales. Lotic environments are naturally dynamic, characterised by variable discharges, hydraulic patterns, sediment and nutrient loads and thermal regimes that may change temporally and spatially. This complexity produces a variety of geomorphological features and habitats that sustain the diverse ecological communities recorded in fresh, saline and marine waters. The recognition of the long history and widespread and varied extent of environmental factor's impacts on aquatic ecosystems is helpful to minimise and mitigate negative influences.

Therefore, this Special Issue is focused on advances and experiences in the impact of environmental factors on aquatic ecosystems. We welcome original papers addressing research themes including, but not limited to, the following:

  1. Eco-environmental impact of dam and reservoir on aquatic ecosystems.
  2. Eco-environmental impact of water pollution on aquatic ecosystems.
  3. Environmental flow assessment and implementation on aquatic ecosystems.
  4. Approaches to minimize habitat degradation and conserve biodiversity in aquatic ecosystems.
  5. Applied technology in eco-hydraulics and Ecohydrology.

Dr. Xuan Ban
Prof. Dr. Wenxian Guo
Prof. Dr. Yicheng Fu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aquatic ecosystem
  • habitat
  • environmental flows
  • ecohydrology
  • ecohydraulic

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 592 KiB  
Article
The Use of Macrophytes for the Removal of Chlorpyrifos from the Aquatic Environment
by Elżbieta Sobiecka, Milena Mroczkowska, Tomasz P. Olejnik and Agnieszka Nowak
Water 2024, 16(7), 1071; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16071071 - 08 Apr 2024
Viewed by 535
Abstract
Phytoremediation is one of the effective technologies for removing pollutants from the aquatic environment. Toxic compounds such as chlorpyrifos can affect the physiological processes of aquatic plants, causing secondary oxidative stress in plant tissues. Macrophytes, like other organisms inhabiting the contaminated ecosystem, have [...] Read more.
Phytoremediation is one of the effective technologies for removing pollutants from the aquatic environment. Toxic compounds such as chlorpyrifos can affect the physiological processes of aquatic plants, causing secondary oxidative stress in plant tissues. Macrophytes, like other organisms inhabiting the contaminated ecosystem, have developed a system of defense mechanisms, thanks to which plants can still exist in their natural ecosystem. Our research is a summary of the previously presented results of the effectiveness of purifying contaminated water with chlorpyrifos in the phytoremediation process and the second type of phytoremediation supported by microorganisms, which intensify the process of removing contaminants from the environment. This research concerned changes in nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants in Canadian seaweed, needle spikerush and water mint caused by chlorpyrifos. The research determines changes in the total concentration of polyphenols, flavonoids and dyes (chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B, anthocyanins and carotenoids) as well as differences in the activity of guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase. The analysis of the results showed an increase in the content of polyphenols and flavonoids. The reverse trend was observed in the case of the pigment content. The appearance of chlorpyrifos in the environment caused an increase in the activity of the examined enzymes. The process involving microorganisms that were obtained from places contaminated with pesticide proved to be more effective. This shows the cooperation of species living in an investigated ecosystem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Environmental Factors on Aquatic Ecosystem)
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27 pages, 34775 KiB  
Article
A Comprehensive Assessment of the Hydrological Evolution and Habitat Quality of the Xiangjiang River Basin
by Fengtian Hong, Wenxian Guo and Hongxiang Wang
Water 2023, 15(20), 3626; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15203626 - 17 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1048
Abstract
Human disturbance and climatic factors alter the hydrological state of rivers in many ways and have a degree of negative impact on the quality of watershed habitats; quantifying the impact of both human disturbance and climatic factors on hydrological change can help improve [...] Read more.
Human disturbance and climatic factors alter the hydrological state of rivers in many ways and have a degree of negative impact on the quality of watershed habitats; quantifying the impact of both human disturbance and climatic factors on hydrological change can help improve the quality of watershed habitats. Therefore, in this research, an integrated watershed assessment framework is proposed to analyse the watershed from four perspectives: hydrological situation, environmental flows, drivers, and habitat quality. A meteorological streamflow model based on the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model was employed to analyse the hydrological evolution and quantify the influence of the drivers from the perspective of hydrological and environmental flows. The Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model was then used to evaluate the spatial and temporal evolution of habitat quality in the basin. And, finally, the grey correlation theory was used to reveal the response of habitat quality to hydrological changes. Studies have shown that annual flow and precipitation are increasing in the Xiangjiang River (XJR) basin, while its annual potential evapotranspiration is decreasing significantly. After 1991, the hydrological conditions of the XJR were highly variable, with the combined rate of change of the most Ecologically Relevant Hydrological Indicators, ERHIs-IHA and ERHIs-EFCs, reaching 26.21% and 121.23%, respectively. Climate change and human disturbance are the main drivers of change for both (with contributions of 60% and 71%, respectively). Between 1990 and 2020, the habitat quality in the basin declined over time (from 0.770 to 0.757), with areas of high habitat value located mainly in mountainous areas and habitat degradation being concentrated in urban areas in the middle and lower reaches, gradually evolving towards areas of high habitat value in the periphery. There is a strong correlation between watershed habitat quality and the ERHIs. The results of the study can provide a scientific basis for maintaining regional ecological security and rational allocation of water resources. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Environmental Factors on Aquatic Ecosystem)
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12 pages, 4571 KiB  
Article
What Drives the Morphological Traits of Stress-Tolerant Plant Cynodon dactylon in a Riparian Zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China
by Xiaolong Li, Shanze Li, Yawei Xie, Zehui Wei and Zilong Li
Water 2023, 15(18), 3183; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183183 - 06 Sep 2023
Viewed by 840
Abstract
The cyclical process of water storage and recession in the regular operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir creates a unique habitat stress that alters the structural and functional attributes of vegetation ecology within the riparian zone. The stress-tolerant plant Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers [...] Read more.
The cyclical process of water storage and recession in the regular operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir creates a unique habitat stress that alters the structural and functional attributes of vegetation ecology within the riparian zone. The stress-tolerant plant Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers is the dominant plant species in the riparian zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir. In this study, the riparian zone of the Daning River, a tributary located in the center of the Three Gorges Reservoir, was selected as our study area. To identify the drivers of the morphological traits of C. dactylon in the riparian zone of Daning River, we examined plant biomass and plant characteristics across different elevation gradients, with reference to abiotic factors to determine the distribution patterns of plant morphological traits. Results indicated that in the two main soil types of the riparian zone, plant biomass showed a consistent trend along the elevation gradient, with a “middle-height expansion” pattern; biomass increased and then decreased with rising water levels. Plant biomass positively correlated with soil total nitrogen and negatively correlated with soil pH, electrical conductivity, and total phosphorus. C. dactylon adapted to prolonged flooding in the riparian zone by having a significant negative correlation between plant height and erect stem length with soil moisture content to facilitate root respiration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Environmental Factors on Aquatic Ecosystem)
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12 pages, 2515 KiB  
Article
Biochar/Clay Composite Particle Immobilized Compound Bacteria: Preparation, Collaborative Degradation Performance and Environmental Tolerance
by Pengfei Sun, Jun Wei, Yaoyao Gao, Zuhao Zhu and Xiao Huang
Water 2023, 15(16), 2959; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15162959 - 16 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1386
Abstract
Immobilized microbial materials can effectively remove pollutants from surface water, and a biochar/clay composite particle (BCCP) material is prepared with immobilized Flavobacterium mizutaii sp. and Aquamicrobium sp. to remove ammonia nitrogen (NH4+–N) and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs). The results indicated that [...] Read more.
Immobilized microbial materials can effectively remove pollutants from surface water, and a biochar/clay composite particle (BCCP) material is prepared with immobilized Flavobacterium mizutaii sp. and Aquamicrobium sp. to remove ammonia nitrogen (NH4+–N) and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs). The results indicated that the optimal ratios of biochar, Na2SiO3 and NaHCO3 were 15%, 3%, and 3%, and the adsorption process was found to be better described with the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The individual immobilization of Flavobacterium mizutaii sp. and Aquamicrobium sp. with sodium alginate–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA + SA) achieved 80% and 90% removal efficiencies for NH4+–N and PHCs at the 10th d. The composite immobilization of two efficient bacteria could degrade 82.48% NH4+–N and 74.62% PHCs. In addition, immobilization relieved the effects of temperature and salinity. This study can provide guidance for the application of immobilized microbial composite materials in natural water environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Environmental Factors on Aquatic Ecosystem)
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16 pages, 5990 KiB  
Article
Quantifying the Impact of Changes in Sinuosity on River Ecosystems
by Zicheng Yu, Yicheng Fu, Ye Zhang, Zhe Liu and Yixuan Liu
Water 2023, 15(15), 2751; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15152751 - 29 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1592
Abstract
To quantitatively study the hydrodynamic changes in different river morphologies and clarify the impact of morphological changes on river ecosystems, this study examined a section of the Nansha River near Laoniuwan in the Haidian District, Beijing, and characterized different river morphologies by river [...] Read more.
To quantitatively study the hydrodynamic changes in different river morphologies and clarify the impact of morphological changes on river ecosystems, this study examined a section of the Nansha River near Laoniuwan in the Haidian District, Beijing, and characterized different river morphologies by river sinuosity. The River 2D model was used for simulation and analysis, and the depth and velocity diversity indices were introduced to quantify the distribution of depth and velocity under different sinuosities. Cyprinus carpio was selected as the target fish in this study, and its suitability curve was determined using literature and field surveys. Combined with the simulation results, a weighted usable area curve was established to identify its inflection point and maximum value and determine the ecological flow in the river under different sinuosities, that is, to clarify the relationship between sinuosity and ecological flow. The results showed that the lower the sinuosity, the worse the depth and velocity diversity, but a greater sinuosity did not lead to better depth and velocity diversity. The depth and velocity diversity of a sinuosity of 1.5 were better than those of 1.89 in general, except for low flow conditions (Q = 5 m3/s). For rivers with water use restricted by nature and society and where ecological needs exist, ecological engineering that appropriately changes the planform of rivers can be considered to increase the diversity of river/channel geometry and provide a basis for the ecological restoration of rivers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Impact of Environmental Factors on Aquatic Ecosystem)
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