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Understanding Anthropogenic and Climate Influences on Water Quality and Quantity...
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Understanding Anthropogenic and Climate Influences on Water Quality and Quantity at the Watershed Scale

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water Quality and Contamination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 19008

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Clement D. D. Sohoulande

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
USDA-ARS Coastal Plains Soil, Water, and Plant Research Center, Florence, SC, USA
Interests: water quality; water quantity; contaminants; agriculture; climate change; land cover change; hydrology; modeling; environment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

At the watershed level, water resources are used for various human activities, including agriculture, fishery, domestic supply, industry, recreation, transport, and energy. The multiplicity and magnitude of these anthropogenic water usages cause pressures on existing water resources which are affected qualitatively and quantitatively. At the watershed scale, these anthropogenic pressures are often exacerbated by climate variability and environmental changes. Hence, a thorough understanding of these multifaceted influences on water resources is needed to envision strategies that enhance water resources management and sustain natural ecosystems. This Special Issue of Water will assemble high-quality research and review papers aiming to improve knowledge and practices in water quality and quantity management at the watershed scale. Watershed modeling research papers are welcomed, as well as papers that address climate change, agriculture, land-cover changes, environmental changes, livestock (grazing), urbanization, waste treatments, in relation with water resources quality and quantity.

Dr. Clement D. D. Sohoulande
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • water quality
  • water quantity
  • contaminants
  • agriculture
  • climate change
  • land cover change
  • hydrology
  • modeling
  • environment

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 4484 KiB  
Article
Multibranch Modelling of Flow and Water Quality in the Dhaka River System, Bangladesh: Impacts of Future Development Plans and Climate Change
by Gianbattista Bussi, Shammi Shawal, Mohammed Abed Hossain, Paul G. Whitehead and Li Jin
Water 2023, 15(17), 3027; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15173027 - 23 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1122
Abstract
Long-term development and pollution clean-up plans are a continuing feature of megacities such as Dhaka, Bangladesh. Bangladesh needs to deal with a legacy of past pollution and manage current pollution from a rapidly expanding economy. Surveys in the rivers around Dhaka show extremely [...] Read more.
Long-term development and pollution clean-up plans are a continuing feature of megacities such as Dhaka, Bangladesh. Bangladesh needs to deal with a legacy of past pollution and manage current pollution from a rapidly expanding economy. Surveys in the rivers around Dhaka show extremely high pollution and very low dissolved oxygen levels, with subsequent ecological impacts. Millions of people are not on public treatment of effluents and thousands of factories discharge into the rivers. The Bangladesh Government is planning to install over 12 large Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) over the next 20 years. To assess the efficacy of these, a water quality model has been applied to the Dhaka River System. Results show that the proposed plan has beneficial effects in the short term for the most densely populated areas of Dhaka, along the Turag and Buriganga Rivers, and in the medium term in other parts of the city (Tongi Khal). However, in several reaches dissolved oxygen levels will remain low or very low due to the lack of STP capacity, remaining misconnections of untreated sewage and large effluent loads. The proposed STPs, while certainly beneficial, will need to be upgraded in the future if the predicted rates of population growth are confirmed and industrial pollution is not significantly reduced alongside. Climate change is expected to have an impact on the Dhaka River System water quality, with increased monsoon flows and lower summer flows, but these changes will not greatly affect the extremes of water quality to any great extent due to the overwhelming impact of pollutant discharges into the system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Understanding Anthropogenic and Climate Influences on Water Quality and Quantity at the Watershed Scale)
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Review

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28 pages, 2839 KiB  
Review
Maximizing Water Use Efficiency in Rice Farming: A Comprehensive Review of Innovative Irrigation Management Technologies
by Maduri Mallareddy, Ramasamy Thirumalaikumar, Padmaanaban Balasubramanian, Ramapuram Naseeruddin, Narayanaswamy Nithya, Arulanandam Mariadoss, Narayanasamy Eazhilkrishna, Anil Kumar Choudhary, Murugesan Deiveegan, Elangovan Subramanian, Bhimireddy Padmaja and Shanmugam Vijayakumar
Water 2023, 15(10), 1802; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15101802 - 09 May 2023
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 17507
Abstract
Rice is a water-guzzling crop cultivated mostly through inefficient irrigation methods which leads to low water use efficiency and many environmental problems. Additionally, the export of virtual water through rice trading and the looming water crisis poses significant threats to the sustainability of [...] Read more.
Rice is a water-guzzling crop cultivated mostly through inefficient irrigation methods which leads to low water use efficiency and many environmental problems. Additionally, the export of virtual water through rice trading and the looming water crisis poses significant threats to the sustainability of rice production and food security. There are several alternative rice production methods to improve water use efficiency. These include aerobic rice, direct-seeded rice (DSR), alternate wetting and drying (AWD), saturated soil culture (SSC), drip-irrigated rice, a system of rice intensification (SRI), and smart irrigation with sensors and the Internet of Things (IoT). However, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, drip-irrigated rice and IoT-based automated irrigation are not feasible for poor farmers due to the high production costs associated with specialized machinery and tools. Similarly, aerobic rice, drip-irrigated rice, and the SRI are labor-intensive, making them unsuitable for areas with a shortage of labor. On the other hand, DSR is suitable for labor-scarce areas, provided herbicides are used to control weeds. In this article, the suitability of different water-saving rice production methods is reviewed based on factors such as climate, soil type, labor, energy, and greenhouse gas emissions, and their prospects and challenges are evaluated. Additionally, the article examines how cultural practices, such as seed treatment, weed control, and nutrition management, contribute to enhancing water use efficiency in rice production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Understanding Anthropogenic and Climate Influences on Water Quality and Quantity at the Watershed Scale)
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