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Vision
Special Issues
Non-strabismic Binocular and Accommodative Visual Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment
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Non-strabismic Binocular and Accommodative Visual Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Vision (ISSN 2411-5150).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 15854

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. David Piñero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
Interests: cornea; refractive surgery; cataract; ocular surface; ocular imaging
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ainhoa Molina-Martín

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
Interests: optometry; binocular vision; accommodation; visual perception; ocular fixation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-strabismic binocular and visual disorders are conditions that can lead to significant symptomatology and difficulties for performing common daily life activities, especially those related to intermediate and near vision. These disorders include conditions such as insufficiency and excess of accommodation, convergence insufficiency, divergence excess or spasm of accommodation. More research is needed to standardize the diagnostic criteria of such conditions as well as the most adequate therapeutic approach in each case, considering all potential options (from pharmacological treatment to visual training)

This Special Issue invites articles or reviews focused on the clinical characterization of non-strabismic binocular vision and accommodation disorders as well as case series or clinical trials focused on the analysis of the outcomes with different type of therapeutic approaches

Dr. Ainhoa Molina-Martín
Prof. Dr. David Piñero
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vision is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • binocular vision
  • accommodation
  • vision therapy
  • convergence
  • divergence
  • convergence insufficiency
  • divergence excess
  • exophoria
  • esophoria
  • fusional vergence
  • insufficiency of accommodation

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 1248 KiB  
Article
Vergence and Accommodation Cues in Stereo-Localization during the Small-In Large-Out (SILO) Effect
by Marc Argilés, Genis Cardona, Sandra Hosa-Vila and Bernat Sunyer-Grau
Vision 2022, 6(4), 63; https://doi.org/10.3390/vision6040063 - 18 Oct 2022
Viewed by 3149
Abstract
A typical procedure in vision therapy is the use of Quoits vectograms to train fusional vergence ranges by improving stereo-localization, which is the ability to correctly locate the target stimulus in space. With this procedure, the Small-In Large-Out (SILO) effect is usually reported [...] Read more.
A typical procedure in vision therapy is the use of Quoits vectograms to train fusional vergence ranges by improving stereo-localization, which is the ability to correctly locate the target stimulus in space. With this procedure, the Small-In Large-Out (SILO) effect is usually reported in patients with normal binocular vision and accommodation. In this study, the influence of vergence and accommodation cues, as determined with the accommodative-convergence over accommodation (AC/A) ratio, to correctly locate the Quoits vectograms in space was investigated. Twenty participants, aged 29.2 ± 2.8 (mean ± standard deviation) years, without amblyopia or strabismus, were recruited. A geometrical formula was obtained to calculate the theoretical distance to the target stimulus for different vergence demands. Theoretical values were compared with measured distances to the perceived stimuli and stereo-localization accuracy was determined. Stereo-localization accuracy was significantly worse at 10∆ Base In vergence demand (p < 0.001). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between AC/A ratio and stereo-localization accuracy (i.e., worse accuracy) at 10Δ Base Out vergence demand (rho = 0.446, p = 0.049). These findings highlight that AC/A ratio may be a secondary cue for stereo-localization when using vectograms in which the SILO effect is manifest. These results assist in the understanding of the physiological basis of vision therapy procedures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-strabismic Binocular and Accommodative Visual Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment)
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12 pages, 978 KiB  
Article
Objective and Subjective Evaluation of Saccadic Eye Movements in Healthy Children and Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Pilot Study
by Carmen Bilbao and David P. Piñero
Vision 2021, 5(2), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/vision5020028 - 07 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3190
Abstract
The objective of this study was to characterize saccades in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDG, 17 children, age: 7–12 years) and compare them with a control group (CG, 15 children, age: 7–12 years), comparing the outcomes obtained with a subjective score system (Northeastern [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to characterize saccades in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDG, 17 children, age: 7–12 years) and compare them with a control group (CG, 15 children, age: 7–12 years), comparing the outcomes obtained with a subjective score system (Northeastern State University College of Optometry’s Oculomotor test, NSUCO) with the objective analysis obtained through a commercially available Eye Tracker (Tobii Eye X, Tobii, Stockholm, Sweden) and a specialized software analysis (Thomson Software Solutions, Welham Green, UK). Children from the NDDG obtained significantly lower NSUCO scores (p < 0.001) compared with CG. Concerning eye tracking analyses, we found a significantly higher number of hypometric saccades in NDGG (p ≤ 0.044). Likewise, we found a significantly higher percentage of regressions in the NDDG for a time interval of presentation of stimuli of 1 s (p = 0.012). Significant correlations were found between different NSUCO scores and percentage of regressions, number of saccades completed and number of hypometric saccades. The presence of hypometric saccades and regressions seems to be a differential characteristic sign of children with neurodevelopmental disorders that can be detected using an objective eye tracking analysis, but also using the subjective test NSUCO that can be easily implemented in all clinical settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-strabismic Binocular and Accommodative Visual Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Review

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16 pages, 19887 KiB  
Review
Current Management of Amblyopia with New Technologies for Binocular Treatment
by Sandra Boniquet-Sanchez and Noelia Sabater-Cruz
Vision 2021, 5(2), 31; https://doi.org/10.3390/vision5020031 - 10 Jun 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 7975
Abstract
Amblyopia is the most common cause of monocular poor vision affecting up to 3.7% of the global population. Classically, the first step in treatment has been optical correction, followed by patching and/or pharmacological treatment. However, this is an evolving scenario, since researchers and [...] Read more.
Amblyopia is the most common cause of monocular poor vision affecting up to 3.7% of the global population. Classically, the first step in treatment has been optical correction, followed by patching and/or pharmacological treatment. However, this is an evolving scenario, since researchers and clinicians are interested in new binocular treatments due to the increasing development of new technologies. In this article main, current binocular treatments as Dig Rush, falling blocks, I-BiT, Occlu-tab, Vivid Vision, and movies are reviewed for binocular amblyopia management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-strabismic Binocular and Accommodative Visual Disorders: Diagnosis and Treatment)
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