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Veterinary Sciences
Special Issues
Diagnostic Cytopathology in Companion Animals
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Diagnostic Cytopathology in Companion Animals

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Anatomy, Histology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2023) | Viewed by 5978

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maria Morini

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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Interests: diagnostic cytopathology; small animal gastrointestinal pathology; immunohistochemical characterization of tumors; veterinary pathology; tumors in domestic animals
Dr. Barbara Brunetti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna Via Tolara di sopra, 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy
Interests: veterinary oncology; canine and feline mammary carcinomas; HER2 oncogene; pulmonary carcinoma
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andrea Renzi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Interests: diagnostic cytopathology; veterinary oncology; histopathology; cancer biology; molecular biology; feline oral squamous cell carcinoma

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diagnostic cytology is a well-established discipline in diagnostic pathology and widely used in veterinary practice that consists of examination of cellular samples collected using non-invasive and minimally invasive techniques to confirm or exclude disease. Cytology permits easy, safe, and rapid sampling of tumors and other lesions, as well as access to locations where a tissue biopsy is most difficult or impossible to perform. Cytological sampling also provides for the possibility of applying techniques usually used for histology such as histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, with the use of diagnostic and prognostic markers in oncology.

This Special Issue will be addressed to recent advances in basic morphologic aspects of diagnostic cytopathology in veterinary medicine, in the assessment of its diagnostic value in comparison with histology, as well as in new laboratory methods that can be applied to diagnostic cytology.

Thus, authors are invited to submit original research articles, short communication, case reports, as well as reviews on all aspects of diagnostic cytopathology in companion animals.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Maria Morini
Dr. Barbara Brunetti
Dr. Andrea Renzi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Veterinary Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cytopathology
  • FNA
  • smears
  • diagnostic cytology
  • dog
  • cat
  • horse

Published Papers (3 papers)

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13 pages, 4770 KiB  
Article
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cytology in Severe Equine Asthma: Cytocentrifugated versus Sediment Smear Preparations
by Maria Morini, Francesca Gobbo, Riccardo Rinnovati, Noemi Romagnoli, Angelo Peli, Chiara Massarenti, Alessandro Spadari and Marco Pietra
Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(8), 527; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10080527 - 16 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1711
Abstract
Equine asthma is a common respiratory disease that may affect horses of any age. The diagnosis of severe equine asthma (SEA) (historically referred as recurrent airway obstruction or RAO) is based mainly on the history of the animal and clinical signs, which are [...] Read more.
Equine asthma is a common respiratory disease that may affect horses of any age. The diagnosis of severe equine asthma (SEA) (historically referred as recurrent airway obstruction or RAO) is based mainly on the history of the animal and clinical signs, which are further supported by the cytological examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). This can also be helpful in monitoring the inflammation of the lower airways in response to environmental management and medication. The cytocentrifugated preparation is usually considered the method of choice for BAL cytological interpretation. The aim of this study was to compare the results in terms of differential cell counts (DCC) in BAL cytology performed on sedimented smears and cytocentrifugated preparations. To carry this out, 48 BAL samples were collected from six horses with SEA that were subjected to a process of exacerbation of the disease by environmental stimuli, which was later followed by the appropriate treatment. Each collected BAL fluid was equally divided into duplicate portions: one processed by cytocentrifugation and one by sediment smear from simple centrifugation. Cytologic examination of all BAL by both methods showed poor concordance in DCC, although it was still able to allow diagnostic recognition of severe lung neutrophilic disorders. These results suggest that sediment smear preparation, although remaining a useful method in general equine practice associated with clinical assessments in the diagnosis of SEA under conditions where there is no possibility of using a cytocentrifuge, cannot be considered a comparable alternative. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Cytopathology in Companion Animals)
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11 pages, 2129 KiB  
Article
Nested PCR Detection of Pythium sp. from Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Canine Tissue Sections
by Nelly O. Elshafie, Jessica Hanlon, Mays Malkawi, Ekramy E. Sayedahmed, Lynn F. Guptill, Yava L. Jones-Hall and Andrea P. Santos
Vet. Sci. 2022, 9(8), 444; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9080444 - 19 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2031
Abstract
Pythium insidiosum is an infectious oomycete affecting dogs that develop the cutaneous or gastrointestinal form of pythiosis with a poor prognosis. If left untreated, pythiosis may be fatal. This organism is not a true fungus because its cell wall and cell membrane lack [...] Read more.
Pythium insidiosum is an infectious oomycete affecting dogs that develop the cutaneous or gastrointestinal form of pythiosis with a poor prognosis. If left untreated, pythiosis may be fatal. This organism is not a true fungus because its cell wall and cell membrane lack chitin and ergosterol, respectively, requiring specific treatment. Identifying the organism is challenging, as a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain poorly stain the P. insidiosum hyphae and cannot be differentiated conclusively from other fungal or fungal-like organisms (such as Lagenidium sp.) morphologically. Our study aimed to develop a nested PCR to detect P. insidiosum and compare it with the traditional histopathologic detection of hyphae. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue scrolls from 26 dogs with lesions suggesting the P. insidiosum infection were assessed histologically, and DNA was extracted from the FFPE tissue sections for nested PCR. Agreement between the histologic stains, (H&E), periodic acid–Schiff (PAS), and/or Grocott methenamine silver (GMS) and the nested PCR occurred in 18/26 cases. Hyphae consistent with Pythium sp. were identified via histopathology in 57.7% of the samples, whereas the nested PCR detected P. insidiosum in 76.9% of samples, aiding in the sensitivity of the diagnosis of pythiosis in dogs. Using this combination of techniques, we report 20 canine cases of pythiosis over 18 years in Indiana and Kentucky, an unexpectedly high incidence for temperate climatic regions. Using a combination of histopathology evaluation and nested PCR is recommended to aid in the accurate diagnosis of pythiosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Cytopathology in Companion Animals)
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8 pages, 11409 KiB  
Brief Report
Usefulness and Limitations of Cryopreservation for Immunocytochemical Staining of Canine Cytological Specimens for Detection of Cytokeratin and Vimentin
by Yu Furusawa, Mariko Shima-Sawa, Tatsuro Hifumi, Noriaki Miyoshi, Osamu Yamato and Akira Yabuki
Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(2), 153; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10020153 - 14 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1343
Abstract
Immunocytochemistry is an advanced diagnostic tool for identifying the origin of tumor cells. This study aimed to highlight the usefulness of cryopreserved, air-dried cytological samples in detecting cytokeratin and vimentin. Air-dried cytological smear samples were prepared from a total of 39 resected canine [...] Read more.
Immunocytochemistry is an advanced diagnostic tool for identifying the origin of tumor cells. This study aimed to highlight the usefulness of cryopreserved, air-dried cytological samples in detecting cytokeratin and vimentin. Air-dried cytological smear samples were prepared from a total of 39 resected canine tumors and stored in a medical freezer without fixation. The duration of cryopreservation ranged from 2 to 56 months. The same tumors were processed for routine histopathological examination. Based on the morphological diagnosis, cryopreserved FNA smears from epithelial tumors were stained by enzymatic immunocytochemistry (ICC) for cytokeratin; those from mesenchymal and melanocytic tumors were stained by ICC for vimentin. To ascertain the positivity of tumor cells to the selected markers, tissue paraffin-embedded sections were also stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the same markers. Immunoreactivity for cytokeratin was detected in cryopreserved cytological smears for a maximum of 46 months. Immunoreactivity for vimentin was clearly detected for 33 months. Smears stored at room temperature for 1 week did not show any signals under immunocytochemical examination. Thus, immunocytochemistry for cytokeratin and vimentin can be safely applied to air-dried smears cryopreserved in a freezer for at least 33 months. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnostic Cytopathology in Companion Animals)
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