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Special Issue "SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccines for Patients with Renal Diseases"

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Guest Editor

Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
Interests: kidney transplantation; immunosuppression; kidney transplant complications and chronic allograft dysfunction; FSGS

Dr. Giuseppe Castellano

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Guest Editor

1. Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
2. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milano, Italy
Interests: chronic kidney disease (CKD); chronic inflammation; glomerulonephritis; kidney transplantation; acute kidney disease (AKI)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Carlo Maria Alfieri

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1. Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Renal Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
2. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milano, Italy
Interests: kidney transplantation; chronic kidney disease; mineral bone disorders in CKD and kidney transplantation; markers of CKD progression

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vaccinations as well as specific vaccines are still a critical topic for kidney transplant candidates and recipients who are at increased risk of infection-related morbidity and mortality due to the immunosuppressive therapy that will impact their immune response.

Therefore, patients eligible for kidney or other solid organ transplantation should be immunized with live vaccines given at least 4 weeks prior to transplant in order to ensure that vaccine-related viral replication has resolved prior to transplant, while inactivated vaccines may be administered after transplantation.

The SARS-CoV-19 pandemic has caused an immense loss of lives, particularly among fragile populations such as kidney transplant patients, pointing out the need of secure and effective vaccines in this population. Although the availability of COVID-19 vaccines has changed the fate of this life-threatening infection, it has also raised some concerns on safety and efficacy. Some recent papers have indeed reported new-onset glomerulonephritis: IgA nephritis, necrotizing vasculitis and lupus nephritis. We can therefore understand the growing hesitancy that has arisen among patients.

Stemming from these considerations is a clear need to further explore the treatment for COVID-19 infections and the attitude of specialists about vaccines other than the COVID-19 vaccine for patients with kidney disease, in order to share opinions and experiences that will improve the standard of care for these patients.

Dr. Mariarosaria Campise
Dr. Giuseppe Castellano
Dr. Carlo Maria Alfieri
Guest Editors

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

vaccine safety
vaccine efficacy
COVID-19 infection
renal diseases
kidney transplantation

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12 pages, 563 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Vaccination and COVID-19 in Polish Dialysis Patients: Results from the European Clinical Dialysis Database

Wojciech Marcinkowski

and

Vaccines 2022, 10(9), 1565; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10091565 - 19 Sep 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1213

Abstract

Background: Patients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis are particularly vulnerable to severe COVID-19 as a result of older age and multimorbidities. Objectives: Data are still limited and there are no published data on mortality in hemodialyzed patients in Poland, in particular when vaccines became available. We assessed the epidemiologic and clinical data of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and assessed the mortality in 2019, 2020, and 2021, as well as the vaccination rate in 2021. Patients and Methods: Retrospectively collected data from 73 Fresenius Nephrocare Poland hemodialysis centers and one public unit were analyzed. Results: In 2021, the vaccination rate was 96%. The unadjusted mortality (number of deaths divided by number of patients) in 2019 was 18.8%, while the unadjusted (after exclusion of COVID-related deaths) mortality in 2020 was 20.8%, and mortality in 2021 was 16.22%. The prevalence of cardiovascular deaths in 2019 and 2020 was almost identical (41.4% vs. 41.2%, respectively), and in 2021, the figures increased slightly to 44.1%. The prevalence of sudden cardiac deaths in 2019 was higher than in 2020 (19.6% vs. 17.3%, respectively) and consequently decreased in 2021 (10.0%), as well as strokes (6.2% vs. 5.4%, and 3.31% in 2021), whereas deaths due to gastrointestinal tract diseases were lower (2.5% vs. 3.2%, and 2.25% in 2021), diabetes complications (0.5% vs. 1.3%, and 0.5% in 2021), sepsis (5.1% vs. 6.3%, and 8.79% in 2021), respiratory failure (1.2 vs. 1.6%, and 2.83% in 2021), and pneumonia (1.4% vs. 2.0%, and 0.82%). There were 1493 hemodialyzed COVID-19 positive patients, and among them, 191 died in 2020 (12.79%). In 2021, there were 1224 COVID-19 positive patients and 260 died (21.24%). The mortality of COVID-19 positive dialyzed patients contributed 13.39% in 2020 and 16.21% in 2021 of all recorded deaths. Conclusions: The mortality among HD patients was higher in 2021 than in 2020 and 2019, despite the very high vaccination rate of up to 96%. The higher non-COVID-19 mortality may be due to the limited possibility of hospitalization and dedicated care during the pandemic. This information is extremely important in order to develop methods to protect this highly vulnerable patient group. Prevention plays a key role; other measures are essential in the mitigation and spread of COVID-19 in HD centers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccines for Patients with Renal Diseases)

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Open AccessArticle

How Vaccinations Changed the Outcome of COVID-19 Infections in Kidney Transplant Patients: Single-Center Experience

Maria Teresa Gandolfo

and

Vaccines 2022, 10(7), 990; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10070990 - 22 Jun 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1497

Abstract

Kidney transplant recipients are a vulnerable population at risk of a life-threatening COVID-19 infection with an incidence of death four-times higher than in the general population. The availability of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines has dramatically changed the fate of this infection also within this fragile population. Transplanted patients have an impaired immunological response also to mRNA vaccines. In March 2021, however, we started a vaccination campaign. These preliminary results show that both the incidence of death and of hospitalization dropped from 13% to 2.4% and from 45% to 12.5% compared to the previous outbreaks reported by our group. In univariate analysis, two variables were associated with an increased risk of hospitalization: older age and dyspnea (p = 0.023, p < 0.0001, respectively). In multivariate analysis, dyspnea (p < 0.0001) and mycophenolate therapy (p = 0.003) were independently associated with the risk of hospitalization. The association was even stronger when the two variables were combined (p < 0.0001). Vaccinations did not reduce the incidence of COVID-19 infections among our transplanted patients, but provided certain protection that was associated with a significantly better outcome for this infection. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccines for Patients with Renal Diseases)

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