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Vaccines
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Cardiovascular Disease and COVID-19
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Cardiovascular Disease and COVID-19

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "COVID-19 Vaccines and Vaccination".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 4461

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Reinaldo Bulgarelli Bestetti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine, University of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
Interests: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; heart disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular disease is frequently found in patients with COVID-19. Arrhythmias, myocarditis, worsening heart failure, pulmonary embolism, cerebrovascular accidents, and peripheral vascular disease can affect patients infected with SARS-C0V-2 virus. In addition, cardiovascular disease has also been, although very rarely, associated with vaccination against this disease. Furthermore, the potential for cardiovascular involvement in long-COVID-19 is a real threat. Consequently, studies on the subjects raised above focusing on the immunological aspects of the disease are welcome. This Special Issue aims to provide knowledge to doctors at the frontline on the SARS-COV-2-induced cardiovascular disease. Therefore, I am pleased to invite you to take part in this challenging task. For this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: epidemiological, pathologic, clinical manifestations, subsidiary exam, clinical course, and treatment of SARS-CoV-2-induced cardiovascular disease.

The aim of this Special Issue is to review information related to the cardiovascular diseases associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as to provide new findings related to this subject. Particular attention is devoted to the immunological aspects associated with COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system. Articles on vaccine-induced cardiovascular disease are also encouraged.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Reinaldo Bulgarelli Bestetti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • COVID-19
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • heart disease
  • peripheral artery disease: pulmonary embolism
  • cerebrovascular disease
  • arrhythmias
  • heart failure
  • myocarditis
  • vaccine

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 2470 KiB  
Article
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Patients with Cardiovascular Disease Who Were Hospitalized for COVID-19 in Brazil: Retrospective Cohort
by Daniele Melo Sardinha, Ana Lúcia da Silva Ferreira, Ricardo José de Paula Souza e Guimarães, Karla Valéria Batista Lima and Luana Nepomuceno Gondim Costa Lima
Vaccines 2023, 11(4), 861; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040861 - 18 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2007
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 in Brazil has already caused, and it still causes, several impacts on health, economy, and education. The risk factors for death involved those with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which were prioritized for the vaccination of COVID-19. Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics [...] Read more.
Introduction: COVID-19 in Brazil has already caused, and it still causes, several impacts on health, economy, and education. The risk factors for death involved those with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which were prioritized for the vaccination of COVID-19. Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with cardiovascular diseases hospitalized for COVID-19 in Brazil in the year 2022. Methods: A retrospective cohort was analyzed from the year 2022, with cases being hospitalized by COVID-19 being drawn from SIVEP-GRIPE surveillance. We compared clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes between CVD carriers and non-carriers, and we also compared vaccinated with two doses vs. those that are unvaccinated in CVD carriers. We performed chi-square, odds ratio, logistic regression, and survival analysis. Results: We included, in the cohort, 112,459 hospital inpatients. An amount of 71,661 (63.72%) of the hospitalized patients had CVD. Regarding deaths, 37,888 (33.69%) died. Regarding vaccination against COVID-19, 20,855 (18.54%) people were not vaccinated with any dose among those with CVD. Death p- < 0.001 (OR 1.307-CI 1.235–1.383) and fever p- < 0.001 (OR 1.156-CI 1.098–1.218) were associated with the unvaccinated CVD carriers, and diarrhea p-0.015 (OR 1.116-CI 1.022–1.218), dyspnea p-0.022 (OR 1.074-CI 1.011–1.142), and respiratory distress p-0.021 (OR 1.070-CI 1.011–1.134) were also recorded. Those patients who possessed predictors of death, including invasive ventilation (p- < 0.001 (OR 8.816-CI 8.313–9.350)), were admitted to the ICU p- < 0.001 (OR 1.754-CI 1.684–1.827), and some had respiratory distress p- < 0.001 (OR 1.367-CI 1.312–1.423), dyspnea p < 0.001 (OR 1.341-CI 1.284–1.400), O2 saturation < 95% p- < 0. 001 (OR 1.307-CI 1.254–1.363), they were unvaccinated against COVID-19 p- < 0.001 (OR 1.258-CI 1.200–1.319), they were of male sex p- < 0.001 (OR 1.179-CI 1.138–1.221), they had diarrhea p-0.018 (OR 1.081-CI 1.013–1.154), and they may have been old p < 0.001 (OR 1.034-CI 1.033–1.035). Survival was shorter for the unvaccinated p-0.003, and p- <0.001. Conclusions: We highlight the predictors of death for those unvaccinated against COVID-19 in this research, and we evidenced the benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine in reducing deaths in hospitalized CVD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Disease and COVID-19)
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8 pages, 2123 KiB  
Case Report
A Rare Single Case of COVID-19-Induced Acute Myocarditis and Encephalopathy Presenting Simultaneously
by Usman Saeedullah, Anas M. Abbas, Caitlin Ward, Maha Bayya, Jenish Bhandari, Araf M. Abbas, Joshua DeLeon and Allison B. Reiss
Vaccines 2023, 11(3), 541; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11030541 - 24 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1955
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may result in cardiovascular complications such as myocarditis, while encephalitis is a potentially life-threatening COVID-19-associated central nervous system complication. This case illustrates the possibility of developing severe multisystem symptoms from a COVID-19 infection, despite having received [...] Read more.
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may result in cardiovascular complications such as myocarditis, while encephalitis is a potentially life-threatening COVID-19-associated central nervous system complication. This case illustrates the possibility of developing severe multisystem symptoms from a COVID-19 infection, despite having received the COVID-19 vaccine within the year. Delay in treatment for myocarditis and encephalopathy can lead to permanent and possibly fatal damage. Our patient, a middle-aged female with a complicated medical history, initially came in without characteristic manifestations of myocarditis such as shortness of breath, chest pain, or arrhythmia, but with an altered mental status. Through further laboratory tests, the patient was diagnosed with myocarditis and encephalopathy, which were resolved within weeks through medical management and physical/occupational therapy. This case presentation describes the first reported case of concomitant COVID-19 myocarditis and encephalitis after receiving a booster dose within the year. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular Disease and COVID-19)
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