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Universe
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Black Hole Physics and Beyond: From the Ringdown Analysis with...
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Black Hole Physics and Beyond: From the Ringdown Analysis with Gravitational Waves

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "Gravitation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 9799

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Nami Uchikata

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Gravitational Wave Group, Institute of Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa City, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
Interests: black hole physics; gravitational wave data analysis; test of general relativity
Prof. Dr. Hiroyuki Nakano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Law, Ryukoku University, 67 Fukakusa Tsukamoto-cho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-8577, Japan
Interests: general relativity; black holes; gravitational waves; gravitational wave astronomy; gravitational wave physics

Special Issue Information

Detections of gravitational waves have provided us with a new tool for black hole (BH) physics. By observing BHs directly, we can verify the theory describing them. In particular, the ringdown signals from binary BH mergers provide interesting information to us. Not only can we measure the final mass and spin of the BH remnant, but we can also test gravity theories from the signals. However, difficulties still remain in the data analysis of the signals, since they damp exponentially, and it is still unknown when and where the BH quasinormal modes (QNMs) are excited during the merger. Furthermore, modelling signals apart from BHs or general relativity is necessary for testing exotic compact objects and gravity theories. Therefore, we need more progress in observation and theory to understand the physics.

With the aim of exploring the BH physics from the ringdown signals more thoroughly, the Special Issue focuses on broad subjects related to ringdown analysis both from theoretical and observational studies such as,

  • Calculation methods for QNMs
  • The origin of excitation of QNMs
  • QNMs for BHs in modified gravity, regular BHs, higher dimensional BHs, and exotic compact objects
  • Techniques for the gravitational wave ringdown analysis
  • Testing gravity theories from the gravitational wave observations

We wish to invite colleagues to submit contributions on the above topics to the Special Issue. We welcome both original research papers and review papers.

Dr. Nami Uchikata
Prof. Dr. Hiroyuki Nakano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Black hole quasinormal modes 
  • Tests of gravity theory 
  • Gravitational wave data analysis methods 
  • Compact binary coalescence 
  • Exotic compact objects 
  • Black hole spectroscopy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 918 KiB  
Article
Ringing of the Regular Black Hole with Asymptotically Minkowski Core
by Alexander Marcus Simpson
Universe 2021, 7(11), 418; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7110418 - 2 Nov 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1098
Abstract
A Regge–Wheeler analysis is performed for a novel black hole mimicker ‘the regular black hole with asymptotically Minkowski core’, followed by an approximation of the permitted quasi-normal modes for propagating waveforms. A first-order WKB approximation is computed for spin zero and spin one [...] Read more.
A Regge–Wheeler analysis is performed for a novel black hole mimicker ‘the regular black hole with asymptotically Minkowski core’, followed by an approximation of the permitted quasi-normal modes for propagating waveforms. A first-order WKB approximation is computed for spin zero and spin one perturbations of the candidate spacetime. Subsequently, numerical results analysing the respective fundamental modes are compiled for various values of the a parameter (which quantifies the distortion from Schwarzschild spacetime), and for various multipole numbers ℓ. Both electromagnetic spin one fluctuations and scalar spin zero fluctuations on the background spacetime are found to possess shorter-lived, higher-energy signals than their Schwarzschild counterparts for a specific range of interesting values of the a parameter. Comparison between these results and some analogous results for both the Bardeen and Hayward regular black holes is considered. Analysis as to what happens when one permits perturbations of the Regge–Wheeler potential itself is then conducted, first in full generality, before specialising to Schwarzschild spacetime. A general result is presented explicating the shift in quasi-normal modes under perturbation of the Regge–Wheeler potential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Hole Physics and Beyond: From the Ringdown Analysis with Gravitational Waves)
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28 pages, 1269 KiB  
Article
Fundamental Tone and Overtones of Quasinormal Modes in Ringdown Gravitational Waves: A Detailed Study in Black Hole Perturbation
by Norichika Sago, Soichiro Isoyama and Hiroyuki Nakano
Universe 2021, 7(10), 357; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7100357 - 25 Sep 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1990
Abstract
Ringdown gravitational waves of compact object binaries observed by ground-based gravitational-wave detectors encapsulate rich information to understand remnant objects after the merger and to test general relativity in the strong field. In this work, we investigate the ringdown gravitational waves in detail to [...] Read more.
Ringdown gravitational waves of compact object binaries observed by ground-based gravitational-wave detectors encapsulate rich information to understand remnant objects after the merger and to test general relativity in the strong field. In this work, we investigate the ringdown gravitational waves in detail to better understand their property, assuming that the remnant objects are black holes. For this purpose, we perform numerical simulations of post-merger phase of binary black holes by using the black hole perturbation scheme with the initial data given under the close-limit approximation, and we generate data of ringdown gravitational waves with smaller numerical errors than that associated with currently available numerical relativity simulations. Based on the analysis of the data, we propose an orthonormalization of the quasinormal mode functions describing the fundamental tone and overtones to model ringdown gravitational waves. Finally, through some demonstrations of the proposed model, we briefly discuss the prospects for ringdown gravitational-wave data analysis including the overtones of quasinormal modes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Hole Physics and Beyond: From the Ringdown Analysis with Gravitational Waves)
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25 pages, 531 KiB  
Article
Scope Out Multiband Gravitational-Wave Observations of GW190521-Like Binary Black Holes with Space Gravitational Wave Antenna B-DECIGO
by Hiroyuki Nakano, Ryuichi Fujita, Soichiro Isoyama and Norichika Sago
Universe 2021, 7(3), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7030053 - 3 Mar 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2697
Abstract
The gravitational wave event, GW190521, is the most massive binary black hole merger observed by ground-based gravitational wave observatories LIGO/Virgo to date. While the observed gravitational wave signal is mainly in the merger and ringdown phases, the inspiral gravitational wave signal of the [...] Read more.
The gravitational wave event, GW190521, is the most massive binary black hole merger observed by ground-based gravitational wave observatories LIGO/Virgo to date. While the observed gravitational wave signal is mainly in the merger and ringdown phases, the inspiral gravitational wave signal of the GW190521-like binary will be more visible to space-based detectors in the low-frequency band. In addition, the ringdown gravitational wave signal will be louder in the next generation (3G) of ground-based detectors in the high-frequency band, displaying the great potential of multiband gravitational wave observations. In this paper, we explore the scientific potential of multiband observations of GW190521-like binaries with a milli-Hz gravitational wave observatory: LISA; a deci-Hz observatory: B-DECIGO; and (next generation of) hecto-Hz observatories: aLIGO and ET. In the case of quasicircular evolution, the triple-band observations of LISA, B-DECIGO, and ET will provide parameter estimation errors of the masses and spin amplitudes of component black holes at the level of order of 1–10%. This would allow consistency tests of general relativity in the strong field at an unparalleled precision, particularly with the “B-DECIGO + ET” observation. In the case of eccentric evolution, the multiband signal-to-noise ratio found in “B-DECIGO + ET” observation would be larger than 100 for a five-year observation prior to coalescence, even with high final eccentricities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Hole Physics and Beyond: From the Ringdown Analysis with Gravitational Waves)
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Review

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57 pages, 2060 KiB  
Review
Spectral Problems for Quasinormal Modes of Black Holes
by Yasuyuki Hatsuda and Masashi Kimura
Universe 2021, 7(12), 476; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7120476 - 4 Dec 2021
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 2680
Abstract
This is an unconventional review article on spectral problems in black hole perturbation theory. Our purpose is to explain how to apply various known techniques in quantum mechanics to such spectral problems. The article includes analytical/numerical treatments, semiclassical perturbation theory, the (uniform) WKB [...] Read more.
This is an unconventional review article on spectral problems in black hole perturbation theory. Our purpose is to explain how to apply various known techniques in quantum mechanics to such spectral problems. The article includes analytical/numerical treatments, semiclassical perturbation theory, the (uniform) WKB method and useful mathematical tools: Borel summations, Padé approximants, and so forth. The article is not comprehensive, but rather looks into a few examples from various points of view. The techniques in this article are widely applicable to many other examples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Hole Physics and Beyond: From the Ringdown Analysis with Gravitational Waves)
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