Exposure and Effects of Endocrine Disrupters

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Exposome Analysis and Risk Assessment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2021) | Viewed by 5666

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Human Morphology”, 117418, 3, Tsurupa St., Moscow, Russia
Interests: endocrine disrupting chemicals; low-dose exposure; biogenic atoms; stable isotopes; developmental toxicity; endocrine glands; immunity

Special Issue Information

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals comprise a wide range of compounds that affect any step of hormonal production and signaling. The list of chemicals with endocrine-disrupting potential is actively expanding. Investigations have showed that endocrine disrupters exert negative effects on the development and function of organs and impair sensitivity of cells to regulating factors. However, a large number of effects remain to be elucidated. Up to now, we know that some chemicals exert both toxic and disrupting effects. Differentiation of these effects requires thorough investigation and, respectively, application of different approaches to assess levels of exposure and its effects. Dose-depending and time-depending effects of endocrine disrupters, as well as adaptive reactions, are still poorly understood.

In this Special Issue, we will focus on animal and human studies of effects, produced by short- or long-term exposure to well-known and newly identified endocrine-disrupting chemicals, as well as detection of the biomarkers of exposure and risk assessment. Contributions on the developmental exposure and sex differences in disrupter effects, differentiation of disrupting and toxic effects, mechanisms underlying disrupting effects, cell sensitivity to endocrine disruption, methodology of endocrine disruption investigations are welcome. Authors are invited to submit original research papers, reviews, and short communications.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Nataliya Valentinovna Yaglova
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Endocrine-disrupting chemicals
  • Dose-dependent effects
  • Developmental exposure
  • Risk assessment
  • Cell response
  • Cell-specific reactions
  • Molecular mechanisms
  • Sex and age differences
  • Biomarkers

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 3555 KiB  
Article
Effects of Endocrine Disruptors o,p′-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, p,p′-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and Endosulfan on the Expression of Estradiol-, Progesterone-, and Testosterone-Responsive MicroRNAs and Their Target Genes in MCF-7 Cells
by Tatiana Kalinina, Vladislav Kononchuk, Lyubov Klyushova and Lyudmila Gulyaeva
Toxics 2022, 10(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10010025 - 7 Jan 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1943
Abstract
Many studies have shown that dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) exposure raises breast cancer risk. Another insecticide with similar properties is endosulfan, which has been actively used in agriculture after DDT prohibition. Previously, we have identified some estradiol-, progesterone-, and testosterone-sensitive microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs). Because DDT [...] Read more.
Many studies have shown that dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) exposure raises breast cancer risk. Another insecticide with similar properties is endosulfan, which has been actively used in agriculture after DDT prohibition. Previously, we have identified some estradiol-, progesterone-, and testosterone-sensitive microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs). Because DDT and endosulfan have estrogenic, antiandrogenic, and antiprogesterone properties, we hypothesized that these miRNAs are affected by the insecticides. We quantified relative levels of miRNAs and expression levels of their target genes in breast cancer MCF-7 cells treated with p,p′-DDT, o,p′-DDT, or endosulfan. We also quantified miR-19b expression, which, as previously shown, is regulated by estrogen. Here, we observed that miR-19b expression increased in response not only to estradiol but also to testosterone and progesterone. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with p,p′-DDT or endosulfan decreased the protein levels of apoptosis regulators TP53INP1 and APAF1. In cells treated with o,p′-DDT, the TP53INP1 amount decreased after 24 h of incubation, but increased after 48 h of incubation with insecticide. OXTR expression, which is known to be associated with breast carcinogenesis, significantly diminished under the exposure of all insecticides. In cells treated with p,p′-DDT or o,p′-DDT, the observed changes were accompanied by alterations of the levels of hormone-responsive miRNAs: miR-324, miR-190a, miR-190b, miR-27a, miR-193b, and miR-19b. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exposure and Effects of Endocrine Disrupters)
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Review

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13 pages, 777 KiB  
Review
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and the Adrenal Gland: From Toxicity to Endocrine Disruption
by Ekaterina P. Timokhina, Valentin V. Yaglov and Svetlana V. Nazimova
Toxics 2021, 9(10), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9100243 - 1 Oct 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3147
Abstract
Endocrine disruptors are exogenous compounds that pollute the environment and have effects similar to hormones when inside the body. One of the most widespread endocrine disruptors in the wild is the pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Toxic doses of DDT are known to cause cell [...] Read more.
Endocrine disruptors are exogenous compounds that pollute the environment and have effects similar to hormones when inside the body. One of the most widespread endocrine disruptors in the wild is the pesticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Toxic doses of DDT are known to cause cell atrophy and degeneration in the adrenal zona fasciculata and zona reticularis. Daily exposure in a developing organism to supposedly non-toxic doses of DDT have been found to impair the morphogenesis of both the cortex and the medulla of the adrenal glands, as well as disturbing the secretion of hormones in cortical and chromaffin cells. Comparison of high and very low levels of DDT exposure revealed drastic differences in the morphological and functional changes in the adrenal cortex. Moreover, the three adrenocortical zones have different levels of sensitivity to the disruptive actions of DDT. The zona glomerulosa and zona reticularis demonstrate sensitivity to both high and very low levels of DDT in prenatal and postnatal periods. In contrast, the zona fasciculata is less damaged by low (supposedly non-toxic) exposure to DDT and its metabolites but is affected by toxic levels of exposure; thus, DDT exerts both toxic and disruptive effects on the adrenal glands, and sensitivity to these two types of action varies in adrenocortical zones. Disruptive low-dose exposure leads to more severe affection of the adrenal function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exposure and Effects of Endocrine Disrupters)
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