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Toxics
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Toxicity Behavior of Microplastics in the Aquatic Ecosystem
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Toxicity Behavior of Microplastics in the Aquatic Ecosystem

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecotoxicology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2023) | Viewed by 4765

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jordan Jun Chul Park

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Sciences, Sainte-Anne University, Church Point, NS B0W 1M0, Canada
Interests: oxidative stress; microplastics; aquatic invertebrates; antioxidants; transcriptomics; lobster biology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to introduce this Special Issue, entitled “Toxicity Behavior of Microplastics in the Aquatic Ecosystem”, that aims to address the current issues of microplastics in global matters, considering both laboratory and field studies with a focus on aquatic and terrestrial environments. Microplastics have been widely reported as persistent contaminants that are continuously released into the environment as a result of their extensive use in various products. To date, many studies have shown the toxicity of microplastics upon ingestion, yet limited information is available on the neurotoxicity of microplastics in aquatic organisms, which can lead to behavioral toxicity. Additionally, due to various types and sizes of microplastics available in the aquatic environment, it is crucial to understand how behavior is altered in response to various types and sizes of microplastics. We strive to attract original and high-quality scientific papers and reviews on the following areas:

  • Toxic effects on molecular, cellular, sub-organismal, organismal, population, community, and ecosystem levels;
  • General toxic mechanisms, including genetic modifications, phenotypical responses, and adaptive responses;
  • Toxicity differences between single and combined exposures and the subsequent alterations in behavior.

Dr. Jordan Jun Chul Park
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • stress responses
  • immunotoxicity
  • cytotoxicity
  • genotoxicity
  • oxidative stress
  • bioavailability
  • neurotoxicity
  • inflammatory response

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 3140 KiB  
Article
Biochemical, Genotoxic and Histological Implications of Polypropylene Microplastics on Freshwater Fish Oreochromis mossambicus: An Aquatic Eco-Toxicological Assessment
by Jeyaraj Jeyavani, Ashokkumar Sibiya, Thambusamy Stalin, Ganesan Vigneshkumar, Khalid A. Al-Ghanim, Mian Nadeem Riaz, Marimuthu Govindarajan and Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
Toxics 2023, 11(3), 282; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11030282 - 19 Mar 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2543
Abstract
In recent years, polypropylene microplastic has persisted in freshwater ecosystems and biota, forming ever-growing threats. This research aimed to prepare polypropylene microplastics and evaluate their toxicity to the filter feeder Oreochromis mossambicus. In this research, fish were given a dietary supplement of [...] Read more.
In recent years, polypropylene microplastic has persisted in freshwater ecosystems and biota, forming ever-growing threats. This research aimed to prepare polypropylene microplastics and evaluate their toxicity to the filter feeder Oreochromis mossambicus. In this research, fish were given a dietary supplement of polypropylene microplastics at 100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg for acute (96 h) and sub-acute (14 days) durations to assess toxic effects on liver tissues. FTIR results revealed the presence of polypropylene microplastic in their digestion matter. The ingestion of microplastics in O. mossambicus led to fluctuations in homeostasis, an upsurge in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, an alteration in antioxidant parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S–transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx); a promotion in the oxidation of lipid molecules; and a denaturation in the neurotransmitter enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Our data indicated that sustained exposure to microplastics (14 days) produced a more severe threat than acute exposure (96 h). In addition, higher apoptosis, DNA damage (genotoxicity), and histological changes were found in the liver tissues of the sub-acute (14 days) microplastics-treated groups. This research indicated that the constant ingestion of polypropylene microplastics is detrimental to freshwater environments and leads to ecological threats. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity Behavior of Microplastics in the Aquatic Ecosystem)
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22 pages, 3334 KiB  
Article
Effects of the Antidepressant Amitriptyline on Juvenile Brown Trout and Their Modulation by Microplastics
by Hannah Schmieg, Stefanie Krais, Kathrin Kübler, Aki S. Ruhl, Isabelle M. Schmidgall, Christian Zwiener, Heinz-R. Köhler and Rita Triebskorn
Toxics 2022, 10(12), 763; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics10120763 - 07 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1533
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals such as antidepressants are designed to be bioactive at low concentrations. According to their mode of action, they can also influence non-target organisms due to the phylogenetic conservation of molecular targets. In addition to the pollution by environmental chemicals, the topic of [...] Read more.
Pharmaceuticals such as antidepressants are designed to be bioactive at low concentrations. According to their mode of action, they can also influence non-target organisms due to the phylogenetic conservation of molecular targets. In addition to the pollution by environmental chemicals, the topic of microplastics (MP) in the aquatic environment came into the focus of scientific and public interest. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of the antidepressant amitriptyline in the presence and absence of irregularly shaped polystyrene MP as well as the effects of MP alone on juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario). Fish were exposed to different concentrations of amitriptyline (nominal concentrations between 1 and 1000 µg/L) and two concentrations of MP (104 and 105 particles/L; <50 µm) for three weeks. Tissue cortisol concentration, oxidative stress, and the activity of two carboxylesterases and of acetylcholinesterase were assessed. Furthermore, the swimming behavior was analyzed in situations with different stress levels. Exposure to amitriptyline altered the behavior and increased the activity of acetylcholinesterase. Moreover, nominal amitriptyline concentrations above 300 µg/L caused severe acute adverse effects in fish. MP alone did not affect any of the investigated endpoints. Co-exposure caused largely similar effects such as the exposure to solely amitriptyline. However, the effect of amitriptyline on the swimming behavior during the experiment was alleviated by the higher MP concentration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Toxicity Behavior of Microplastics in the Aquatic Ecosystem)
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