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Sustainability
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Carbonization of Biowaste from Agriculture and Forestry
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Carbonization of Biowaste from Agriculture and Forestry

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Waste and Recycling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 2385

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yuxue Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Environment Resource Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
Interests: biochar stability; hydrothermal carbonization; carbon sequestration; greenhouse gas emission; soil amendment; heavy metal; pollution control
Dr. Zhencai Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Interests: greenhouse gas emissions; soil microbes; soil organic carbon; irrigation; crop yields; biochar; nutrient cycling; carbon sequestration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Feiyue Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Resources and Environment Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
Interests: biochar; hydrochar; soil heavy metal; adsorption; greenhourse gas emission

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite recent efforts to manage the biowaste produced from agriculture and forestry, including its treatment and resourceful utilization with a view to promoting environmental sustainability, much room for innovation remains in this field in terms of research and technological developments. Carbonization is a thermo-treatment technology generally including the processes of pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization, the solid products of which are known as biochar and hydrochar, respectively. Biochar and hydrochar have received much attention due to their unique heterogeneous characteristics and potential applications in carbon sequestration, soil amendment, pollution remediation, and bioenergy production. Therefore, carbonization of the biowaste from agriculture and forestry is expected to promote the sustainable development of economic society and the ecological environment.

Original research articles and reviews are welcome in this Special Issue. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization process and technology;
  • Biochar/hydrochar properties and influencing factors;
  • Preparation of novel functional carbon materials;
  • Long-term effects of biochar in agriculture and forestry;
  • Stability of biochar and carbon sequestration;
  • Aging and degradation of biochar in the environment;
  • Biochar and soil nutrient cycling;
  • Biochar and soil microbes;
  • Biochar and adsorption/removal of pollutants.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Yuxue Liu
Dr. Zhencai Sun
Dr. Feiyue Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biochar
  • pyrolysis
  • hydrothermal carbonization
  • carbon sequestration
  • pollution control
  • soil amendment
  • crop straw
  • nutrient cycling
  • resourceful utilization

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1246 KiB  
Article
Continuous Hydrothermal Carbonization of Olive Pomace and Orange Peels for the Production of Pellets as an Intermediate Energy Carrier
by Douwe S. Zijlstra, Mark Visser, Esther Cobussen-Pool, Dennis J. Slort, Pavlina Nanou, Jan R. Pels and Heather E. Wray
Sustainability 2024, 16(2), 850; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020850 - 19 Jan 2024
Viewed by 756
Abstract
The ever-increasing volumes of food waste generated and the associated environmental issues require the development of new processing methods for these difficult waste streams. One of the technologies that can treat these waste streams directly is hydrothermal carbonization. In this work, olive pomace [...] Read more.
The ever-increasing volumes of food waste generated and the associated environmental issues require the development of new processing methods for these difficult waste streams. One of the technologies that can treat these waste streams directly is hydrothermal carbonization. In this work, olive pomace and orange peels were treated via a mild hydrothermal carbonization process (TORWASH®) in a continuous-flow pilot plant. For olive pomace, a solid yield of 46 wt% and a dry matter content of 58% for the solid press cakes were obtained during continuous operation for 18 days. For orange peels, the values were lower with 31 wt% solid yield and a 42% dry matter content during 28 days of continuous operation. These values corresponded fully with initial laboratory-scale batch experiments, showing the successful transformation from batch to continuous processing. The obtained hydrochar from both feedstocks showed an increase in higher heating value (HHV) and a significant reduction in ash content. Pellets produced from the solids met the requirements for industrial use, demonstrating a large increase in the deformation temperature and a significant reduction in the potassium and chlorine content compared to the original feedstock. These results indicate the excellent potential of these pellets for combustion applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbonization of Biowaste from Agriculture and Forestry)
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Review

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16 pages, 615 KiB  
Review
Research Advances in the Impacts of Biochar on the Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Communities of Saline Soils
by Xia An, Qin Liu, Feixiang Pan, Yu Yao, Xiahong Luo, Changli Chen, Tingting Liu, Lina Zou, Weidong Wang, Jinwang Wang and Xing Liu
Sustainability 2023, 15(19), 14439; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914439 - 03 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1229
Abstract
The scientific management of salinized agricultural lands and the use of undeveloped saline lands to ensure food security have become one of the most urgent tasks nowadays. Biochar contains rich carbon (C) and functional groups, and processes high alkalinity, porosity, and specific surface [...] Read more.
The scientific management of salinized agricultural lands and the use of undeveloped saline lands to ensure food security have become one of the most urgent tasks nowadays. Biochar contains rich carbon (C) and functional groups, and processes high alkalinity, porosity, and specific surface area (SSA). Thus, it has been widely used as an effective organic conditioner in acidic or neutral soils to improve their fertility. However, so far, the impacts of biochar application on properities of saline soils and the underlying mechanisms remain unveiled. Therefore, in this study, we focus on the investigation of the impacts of biochar on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of saline soils. We found that biochar could: (1) decrease soil bulk density (BD), increase soil porosity, promote the formation of soil aggregation and enhance the leaching of soil salts; (2) increase the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil, decrease the salinity of soil through ion exchange and adsorption; (3) directly act as the nutrient supplements, indirectly adsorb water and nutrients or improve nutrient availability (e.g., soil organic carbon (SOC) turnover and sequestration, nutrient cycling); and (4) improve the structure and functioning of the soil microbial community and therefore indirectly impact the C, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling in soil systems. However, these impacts heavily depend on the properties, the concentration of the biochar added to the soil, and the type and location of the soil. In fact, some studies have shown that the addition of biochar in soil could even increase the salinity of saline soils. Another issue is the lack of long-term and large-scale field experiments regarding the impact of biochar addition on properties of saline soils. Therefore, future studies should focus on long-term field experiments with the combination of traditional soil analytical methods and mordern molecular techniques (e.g., high-throughput sequencing, macro-genomics, and metabolomics) to comprehensively reveal the response mechanism of physicochemical properties and microbial characteristics of saline soils to exogenous biochar. Our study can provide a scientific foundation for the practical agricultural production and ecological management of biochar. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbonization of Biowaste from Agriculture and Forestry)
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