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Sustainability
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Soil and Water Pollution: Causes, Effects and Control
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Soil and Water Pollution: Causes, Effects and Control

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Pollution Prevention, Mitigation and Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2023) | Viewed by 2388

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wei Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: soil and water pollution; heavy metals pollution; hydrogeology; hydrological processes and pollutant migration; health risk evaluation
Dr. Wei Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China
Interests: environmental chemistry; health effects; emerging organic contaminants; persistent toxic substances; monitoring techniques
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soil and water are crucial to the Earth's surface, but they are dramatically affected by human activity. During production and consumption, a large amount of industrial waste, domestic waste, sewage, etc., are released, causing soil and water pollution. Accordingly, conditions are deteriorating globally, especially in developing countries, and sustainable development is severely threatened.

Soil pollution is closely related to water pollution (surface water and groundwater). Soil is able to accumulate and purify pollutants, which protects water, but it also releases and transmits pollutants into waters by leaching and migration, causing water pollution. Thus, soil is a potential source and transmission passage of pollution for water bodies. Therefore, soil pollution prevention and control play an important role in the prevention and control of water pollution.

This Issue focuses on the advances of soil and water pollution research, including their causes, pollution mechanisms, environmental effects and sustainable development strategies, in order to determine the environmental problems we face at present and to promote the sustainable development of the Earth’s surface.

The suggested themes covered in this Special Issue include (but are not limited to):

  • Pollution characteristics of soil and water within different geological media and their migration and transformation processes;
  • Causes of organic and inorganic pollutants and their environmental behavior;
  • Management and remediation of pollution problems in different water and soil environments；
  • Evaluation of the impact of soil and water pollution on human beings, environment and ecology;
  • Control of soil and water environment problems for sustainable development.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Wei Liu
Dr. Wei Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • soil and water pollution
  • pollution mechanisms
  • environmental effects
  • sustainable development

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 8607 KiB  
Article
Determination of Nitrate Migration and Distribution through Eutric Cambisols in an Area without Anthropogenic Sources of Nitrate (Velika Gorica Well Field, Croatia)
by Patricia Buškulić, Jelena Parlov, Zoran Kovač, Tomislav Brenko and Marija Pejić
Sustainability 2023, 15(23), 16529; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152316529 - 4 Dec 2023
Viewed by 659
Abstract
Natural potential sources of nitrate contamination involve decaying of organic matter, bacterial production, atmospheric deposition, and soil N. The study presents the first results of nitrate distribution and migration through soil horizons of the Eutric Cambisols, one of the most common soils developed [...] Read more.
Natural potential sources of nitrate contamination involve decaying of organic matter, bacterial production, atmospheric deposition, and soil N. The study presents the first results of nitrate distribution and migration through soil horizons of the Eutric Cambisols, one of the most common soils developed in the area of the Zagreb aquifer and situated in an area without potential anthropogenic sources of nitrate (first sanitary protection zone of the Velika Gorica well field). A total of 16 parameters of soil water and 16 parameters of soil were used to conduct statistical techniques and analyse associated factors within the soil zone. The results indicate that in the deepest soil horizon, nitrogen is present mostly as nitrate due to nitrification under aerobic conditions which promote stability and the potential for nitrate transport. It was found that nitrate concentrations are the result of soil N nitrification, caused by a NO3−/Cl− molar ratio higher than 1 and the absence of precipitation isotopic signature. The results also show that within the coarse-grained Eutric Cambisols N primarily migrates to deeper parts of unsaturated zone in the form of nitrate and nitrite. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil and Water Pollution: Causes, Effects and Control)
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17 pages, 7380 KiB  
Article
Three-Dimensional High-Precision Numerical Simulations of Free-Product DNAPL Extraction in Potential Emergency Scenarios: A Test Study in a PCE-Contaminated Alluvial Aquifer (Parma, Northern Italy)
by Alessandra Feo, Riccardo Pinardi, Andrea Artoni and Fulvio Celico
Sustainability 2023, 15(12), 9166; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15129166 - 6 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 939
Abstract
Chlorinated organic compounds are widespread aquifer contaminants. They are known to be dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). Therefore, they are denser than water and immiscible with other fluids. Their migration into the environment in variably saturated zones can cause severe damage. For this [...] Read more.
Chlorinated organic compounds are widespread aquifer contaminants. They are known to be dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). Therefore, they are denser than water and immiscible with other fluids. Their migration into the environment in variably saturated zones can cause severe damage. For this reason, optimizing those actions that minimize the negative impact of these compounds in the subsurface is essential. This paper presented a numerical model simulating the free-product DNAPL migration and extraction through a purpose-designed pumping well in a potential emergency scenario. The numerical simulations were performed using CactusHydro, a numerical code that uses a high-resolution shock-capturing flux conservative method to resolve the non-linear coupled partial differential equations of a three-phase immiscible fluid flow recently proposed in the literature, including the contaminant extraction at the base of the aquifer. We investigated the temporal (and spatial) evolution of its migration in the Parma (Northern Italy) porous alluvial aquifer following the saturation contour profiles of the three-phase fluid flow in variably saturated zones. The results indicated that this numerical approach can simulate the contaminant migration in the subsurface and the pumping of the free-product from a well screened at the base of the aquifer system. Moreover, the simulation showed the possibility of recovering about two-thirds of the free-product, in agreement with the scientific literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil and Water Pollution: Causes, Effects and Control)
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