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Microwave Sensing and Applications
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Microwave Sensing and Applications

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9893

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Paola Russo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'informazione -Universita' Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
Interests: electromagnetic compatibility; antennas; electromagnetic sensors; metamaterial; plasma antennas; Interaction between electromagnetic fields and bological system; biomedical sensors
Dr. Leonardo Zappelli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'informazione -Universita' Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
Interests: linear and non-linear optics; electromagnetic compatibility; propagation in non-uniform structures; phased-arrays; frequency selective surfaces in dielectric waveguides; microwave filters; equivalent circuits of lossless microwave multiport devices; synthesis of hybrid, couplers and dividers in rectangular waveguide; measurement techniques of multiport devices; equivalent circuits of non-reciprocal and lossy devices; BFN and antenna measurements; electromagnetic sensors

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Microwave sensor technology is a topic that is definitely not new in research, as well as in industrial applications. Nevertheless the research has not stopped dedicating space to these types of sensors, developing new applications and expanding the frequency ranges typical of traditional ones, as well as exploring new technologies based on innovative materials.

The technological capabilities abundant today allow us to use higher frequencies than in the past, allowing a significant miniaturization of the sensors and a reduction in power requirements, and therefore to increase the applications. The IoT world has already begun, and these miniaturized sensors have an important role in its development.

This Special Issue is dedicated to microwave sensors and their applications, especially the most recent and innovative. It will welcome papers that propose applications in areas little explored in the microwave world, as well as applications in more consolidated areas, but with innovative ideas in the technology used and materials chosen.

The topics of interest include, but are not limited to, microwave sensor design, new applications of microwave sensing, metamaterial technology’s application to microwave sensors, sensing for material characterization, remote sensing, short-range radar, biomedical application, imaging, agriculture and food processing applications, IoT applications, safety and security, innovative applications, and miniaturized sensor design.

Prof. Dr. Paola Russo
Dr. Leonardo Zappelli
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microwave application
  • innovation
  • high-frequency range
  • sensor design
  • miniaturization
  • new application

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1695 KiB  
Article
A Low-Cost Metamaterial Sensor Based on DS-CSRR for Material Characterization Applications
by Waseem Shahzad, Weidong Hu, Qasim Ali, Hamid Raza, Syed Muzahir Abbas and Leo P. Ligthart
Sensors 2022, 22(5), 2000; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22052000 - 04 Mar 2022
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 2491
Abstract
This paper presents a metamaterial sensor using a double slit complementary square ring resonator (DS-CSRR) that has been utilized for the measurement of dielectric materials, especially coal powder. The design is optimized for best performance of deep notch depth in transmission coefficient (Magnitude [...] Read more.
This paper presents a metamaterial sensor using a double slit complementary square ring resonator (DS-CSRR) that has been utilized for the measurement of dielectric materials, especially coal powder. The design is optimized for best performance of deep notch depth in transmission coefficient (Magnitude of S21). Sensitivity analysis of transmission coefficient with respect to structure dimensions has been carried out. Metamaterial properties of double negative permitivity and permeability were extracted from the S–parameters of this sensor. The optimized structure is fabricated using low cost FR-4 PCB board. Measured result shows resonance frequency of 4.75 GHz with a deep notch up to −41 dB. Simulated and measured results show good agreement in desired frequency band. For material characterization, first, two known materials are characterized using this metamaterial sensor. Their respective resonances and dielectric constants are known, so the transcendental equation of the sensor is formulated. Afterwards, the proposed sensor is used for dielectric measurement of two types of coal powder, i.e., Anthracite and Bituminous. The measured value of dielectric constant of Anthracite coal is 3.5 and of Bituminous coal is 2.52. This is a simple and effective nondestructive measurement technique for material testing applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microwave Sensing and Applications)
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25 pages, 8487 KiB  
Article
Effects of Plant Crown Shape on Microwave Backscattering Coefficients of Vegetation Canopy
by Xiangchen Liu, Yun Shao, Long Liu, Kun Li, Jingyuan Wang, Shuo Li, Jinning Wang and Xuexiao Wu
Sensors 2021, 21(22), 7748; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21227748 - 21 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2875
Abstract
A microwave scattering model is a powerful tool for determining relationships between vegetation parameters and backscattering characteristics. The crown shape of the vegetation canopy is an important parameter in forestry and affects the microwave scattering modeling results. However, there are few numerical models [...] Read more.
A microwave scattering model is a powerful tool for determining relationships between vegetation parameters and backscattering characteristics. The crown shape of the vegetation canopy is an important parameter in forestry and affects the microwave scattering modeling results. However, there are few numerical models or methods to describe the relationships between crown shapes and backscattering features. Using the Modified Tor Vergata Model (MTVM), a microwave scattering model based on the Matrix Doubling Algorithm (MDA), we quantitatively characterized the effects of crown shape on the microwave backscattering coefficients of the vegetation canopy. FEKO was also used as a computational electromagnetic method to make a complement and comparison with MTVM. In a preliminary experiment, the backscattering coefficients of two ideal vegetation canopies with four representative crown shapes (cylinder, cone, inverted cone and ellipsoid) were simulated: MTVM simulations were performed for the L (1.2 GHz), C (5.3 GHz) and X (9.6 GHz) bands in fully polarimetric mode, and FEKO simulations were carried out for the C (5.3 GHz) band at VV and VH polarization. The simulation results show that, for specific input parameters, the mean relative differences in backscattering coefficients due to variations in crown shape are as high as 127%, which demonstrates that the crown shape has a non-negligible influence on microwave backscattering coefficients of the vegetation canopy. In turn, this also suggests that investigation on effects of plant crown shape on microwave backscattering coefficients may have the potential to improve the accuracy of vegetation microwave scattering models, especially in canopies where volume scattering is the predominant mechanism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microwave Sensing and Applications)
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Review

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24 pages, 7833 KiB  
Review
Microfluidic Modules Integrated with Microwave Components—Overview of Applications from the Perspective of Different Manufacturing Technologies
by Laura Jasińska and Karol Malecha
Sensors 2021, 21(5), 1710; https://doi.org/10.3390/s21051710 - 02 Mar 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3015
Abstract
The constant increase in the number of microfluidic-microwave devices can be explained by various advantages, such as relatively easy integration of various microwave circuits in the device, which contains microfluidic components. To achieve the aforementioned solutions, four trends of manufacturing appear—manufacturing based on [...] Read more.
The constant increase in the number of microfluidic-microwave devices can be explained by various advantages, such as relatively easy integration of various microwave circuits in the device, which contains microfluidic components. To achieve the aforementioned solutions, four trends of manufacturing appear—manufacturing based on epoxy-glass laminates, polymer materials (mostly common in use are polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polymethyl 2-methylpropenoate (PMMA)), glass/silicon substrates, and Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCCs). Additionally, the domains of applications the microwave-microfluidic devices can be divided into three main fields—dielectric heating, microwave-based detection in microfluidic devices, and the reactors for microwave-enhanced chemistry. Such an approach allows heating or delivering the microwave power to the liquid in the microchannels, as well as the detection of its dielectric parameters. This article consists of a literature review of exemplary solutions that are based on the above-mentioned technologies with the possibilities, comparison, and exemplary applications based on each aforementioned technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microwave Sensing and Applications)
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