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From 5G-Advanced to 6G Wireless Networks: Fundamental Theories and Key...
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From 5G-Advanced to 6G Wireless Networks: Fundamental Theories and Key Technologies

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Communications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 October 2024 | Viewed by 2914

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Shaoshi Yang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Information and Communication Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
Interests: 5G/6G; massive MIMO; iterative signal processing; distributed signal processing; mobile ad hoc networks; wireless video/AR/VR; machine learning/artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a comprehensive platform for researchers, scholars, and practitioners to explore the fundamental theories and cutting-edge technologies underlying the evolution or revolution from 5G-Advanced (5.5G) to 6G wireless networks. This Special Issue aims to foster a deeper understanding of the theoretical foundations, novel methodologies, and practical challenges in this rapidly advancing field. We seek to bring together a collection of high-quality papers that contribute to the advancement of wireless networks that integrate communications, computing, sensing, and intelligence all together, addressing key aspects such as network architecture, network performance, resource management, security, and other emerging technologies.

This Special Issue invites original research articles, reviews, and case studies that cover a broad range of topics related to 5G-Advanced and 6G wireless networks, including but not limited to:

  • Advanced terrestrial, space, and aerial network architectures and protocols in the 5G-Advanced and 6G era.
  • Security/privacy challenges and solutions for wireless networks in the 5G-Advanced and 6G era.
  • Integration of artificial intelligence, sensing, computing, and big data analytics for wireless networks in the 5G-Advanced and 6G era.
  • Millimeter-wave and terahertz communication technologies for high-capacity wireless networks in the 5G-Advanced and 6G era.
  • Internet of Things (IoT) and sensor networks in the 5G-Advanced and 6G era.
  • Energy-efficient designs and green communication approaches for wireless networks in the 5G-Advanced and 6G era.
  • Intelligent resource allocation for optimizing network performance in the 5G-Advanced and 6G era.

We look forward to receiving valuable contributions that will shape the future of wireless networks. Together, let us explore the exciting possibilities offered by 5G-Advanced and 6G, unraveling the fundamental theories and key technologies that will drive the next-generation wireless networks.

If you want to learn more information or need any advice, you can contact the Special Issue Editor Penelope Wang via <penelope.wang@mdpi.com> directly.

Prof. Dr. Shaoshi Yang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 967 KiB  
Article
Effective Energy Efficiency under Delay–Outage Probability Constraints and F-Composite Fading
by Fahad Qasmi, Irfan Muhammad, Hirley Alves and Matti Latva-aho
Sensors 2024, 24(7), 2328; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24072328 - 06 Apr 2024
Viewed by 352
Abstract
The paradigm of the Next Generation cellular network (6G) and beyond is machine-type communications (MTCs), where numerous Internet of Things (IoT) devices operate autonomously without human intervention over wireless channels. IoT’s autonomous and energy-intensive characteristics highlight effective energy efficiency (EEE) as a crucial [...] Read more.
The paradigm of the Next Generation cellular network (6G) and beyond is machine-type communications (MTCs), where numerous Internet of Things (IoT) devices operate autonomously without human intervention over wireless channels. IoT’s autonomous and energy-intensive characteristics highlight effective energy efficiency (EEE) as a crucial key performance indicator (KPI) of 6G. However, there is a lack of investigation on the EEE of random arrival traffic, which is the underlying platform for MTCs. In this work, we explore the distinct characteristics of F-composite fading channels, which specify the combined impact of multipath fading and shadowing. Furthermore, we evaluate the EEE over such fading under a finite blocklength regime and QoS constraints where IoT applications generate constant and sporadic traffic. We consider a point-to-point buffer-aided communication system model, where (1) an uplink transmission under a finite blocklength regime is examined; (2) we make realistic assumptions regarding the perfect channel state information (CSI) available at the receiver, and the channel is characterized by the F-composite fading model; and (3) due to its effectiveness and tractability, application data are found to have an average arrival rate calculated using Markovian sources models. To this end, we derive an exact closed-form expression for outage probability and the effective rate, which provides an accurate approximation for our analysis. Moreover, we determine the arrival and required service rates that satisfy the QoS constraints by applying effective bandwidth and capacity theories. The EEE is shown to be quasiconcave, with a trade-off between the transmit power and the rate for maximising the EEE. Measuring the impact of transmission power or rate individually is quite complex, but this complexity is further intensified when both variables are considered simultaneously. Thus, we formulate power allocation (PA) and rate allocation (RA) optimisation problems individually and jointly to maximise the EEE under a QoS constraint and solve such a problem numerically through a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Finally, we examine the EEE performance in the context of line-of-sight and shadowing parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue From 5G-Advanced to 6G Wireless Networks: Fundamental Theories and Key Technologies)
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14 pages, 414 KiB  
Article
Energy Consumption Analysis for Continuous Phase Modulation in Smart-Grid Internet of Things of beyond 5G
by Hongjian Gao, Yang Lu, Shaoshi Yang, Jingsheng Tan, Longlong Nie and Xinyi Qu
Sensors 2024, 24(2), 533; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24020533 - 15 Jan 2024
Viewed by 630
Abstract
Wireless sensor network (WSN) underpinning the smart-grid Internet of Things (SG-IoT) has been a popular research topic in recent years due to its great potential for enabling a wide range of important applications. However, the energy consumption (EC) characteristic of sensor nodes is [...] Read more.
Wireless sensor network (WSN) underpinning the smart-grid Internet of Things (SG-IoT) has been a popular research topic in recent years due to its great potential for enabling a wide range of important applications. However, the energy consumption (EC) characteristic of sensor nodes is a key factor that affects the operational performance (e.g., lifetime of sensors) and the total cost of ownership of WSNs. In this paper, to find the modulation techniques suitable for WSNs, we investigate the EC characteristic of continuous phase modulation (CPM), which is an attractive modulation scheme candidate for WSNs because of its constant envelope property. We first develop an EC model for the sensor nodes of WSNs by considering the circuits and a typical communication protocol that relies on automatic repeat request (ARQ)-based retransmissions to ensure successful data delivery. Then, we use this model to analyze the EC characteristic of CPM under various configurations of modulation parameters. Furthermore, we compare the EC characteristic of CPM with that of other representative modulation schemes, such as offset quadrature phase-shift keying (OQPSK) and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), which are commonly used in communication protocols of WSNs. Our analysis and simulation results provide insights into the EC characteristics of multiple modulation schemes in the context of WSNs; thus, they are beneficial for designing energy-efficient SG-IoT in the beyond-5G (B5G) and the 6G era. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue From 5G-Advanced to 6G Wireless Networks: Fundamental Theories and Key Technologies)
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16 pages, 1659 KiB  
Article
A Channel Rendezvous Algorithm for Multi-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks Based on Average Consensus
by Yunlu Wang, Bo Zhang, Shan Qin and Jinlin Peng
Sensors 2023, 23(19), 8076; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23198076 - 25 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 707
Abstract
Realizing the distributed adaptive network construction of multi-UAV networks is an urgent challenge, as they lack a reliable common control channel and can only maintain a limited sensing range in crowded electromagnetic environments. Multi-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks are gaining popularity in many [...] Read more.
Realizing the distributed adaptive network construction of multi-UAV networks is an urgent challenge, as they lack a reliable common control channel and can only maintain a limited sensing range in crowded electromagnetic environments. Multi-unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks are gaining popularity in many fields. In order to address these issues, this paper proposes a multi-UAV network channel rendezvous algorithm based on average consistency. The goal of the algorithm is to adjust the communication channels of each UAV to converge on the same channel, since the communication link of the multi-UAV network is broken due to interference. The proposed memory-based average consistency (MAC) algorithm utilizes the network adjacency matrix as prior information. Furthermore, for the case where the adjacency matrix is unknown, this paper also proposes the Multi-Radio Average Consensus (MRAC) algorithm, which achieves a beneficial trade-off between rendezvous performance and hardware cost. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed MAC and MRAC algorithms provide superior network convergence time and scalability in networks of different densities. Finally, a hardware simulation platform based on a multi-UAV network was designed using a software-defined radio platform, and experimental simulations were performed to prove the effectiveness of the MAC algorithm in a real environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue From 5G-Advanced to 6G Wireless Networks: Fundamental Theories and Key Technologies)
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20 pages, 3044 KiB  
Article
Multiagent Q-Learning-Based Mobility Management for Multi-Connectivity in mmWAVE Cellular Systems
by Si A Ryu and Duk Kyung Kim
Sensors 2023, 23(17), 7661; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23177661 - 04 Sep 2023
Viewed by 655
Abstract
Effective mobility management is crucial for efficient operation of next-generation cellular systems in the millimeter wave (mmWave) band. Massive multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) systems are seen as necessary to overcome the significant path losses in this band, but the highly directional beam makes the channels [...] Read more.
Effective mobility management is crucial for efficient operation of next-generation cellular systems in the millimeter wave (mmWave) band. Massive multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) systems are seen as necessary to overcome the significant path losses in this band, but the highly directional beam makes the channels more susceptible to radio link failures due to blockages. To meet stringent capacity and reliability requirements, multi-connectivity has attracted significant attention. This paper proposes a multiagent distributed Q learning-based mobility management scheme for multi-connectivity in mmWave cellular systems. A hierarchical structure is adopted to address the model complexity and speed up the learning process. The performance is assessed using a realistic measurement data set collected from Wireless Insite in an urban area and compared with independent Q learning and a heuristic scheme in terms of handover probability and spectral efficiency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue From 5G-Advanced to 6G Wireless Networks: Fundamental Theories and Key Technologies)
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