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Photonics
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Applications of Laser Spectroscopy
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Applications of Laser Spectroscopy

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2023) | Viewed by 6988

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fupeng Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Interests: laser spectroscopy; photoacoustic spectroscopy; trace-gas detection; ocean optical sensor
Prof. Dr. Qingsheng Xue

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Interests: hyperspectral remote sensing; underwater remote sensing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over 60 years after the realization of the first laser in 1960, laser spectroscopy is still a very intense field of research that has expanded with remarkable progress into many areas of science, medicine, and technology and has provided an ever-increasing number of applications. The importance of laser spectroscopy and its appreciation by many people is, for instance, proved by the fact that over the last ten years, three Nobel prizes have been awarded to nine scientists in the field of laser spectroscopy and quantum optics. Moreover, laser spectroscopy continues to develop and expand rapidly. Many new ideas and recent realizations of new techniques based on old ideas have contributed to the progress in many fields.

This Special Issue focuses on the most recent research and development related to a relatively broad category on laser spectroscopy. We would like to give space to recent progress of laser spectroscopy benefited from new laser sources, novel optical design, advanced spectroscopic principles, improved measuring techniques, and prosperous applications across a variety of fields. This Special Issue welcomes high-quality original research or review papers reporting the latest spectral technologies and their applications, especially those revealing the prospective opportunities offered by the unique features of laser spectroscopy, in a wide range of topics including but not limited to the following:

  • Advanced laser spectroscopy-based sensing technologies;
  • Novel optical design for laser spectral systems;
  • Innovative electronic circuits for improving spectral systems;
  • Development of laser spectroscopy-based gas sensing systems;
  • Applications of spectral/hyperspectral imaging techniques;
  • Ocean applications of optical sensors.

Dr. Fupeng Wang
Prof. Dr. Qingsheng Xue
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • laser spectroscopy
  • spectral/hyperspectral technology
  • photoacoustic/photothermal spectroscopy
  • optical design
  • trace gas detection
  • ocean optical sensor

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 6515 KiB  
Article
Research on VMD-Based Adaptive TDLAS Signal Denoising Method
by Minghui Mao, Jun Chang, Jiachen Sun, Shan Lin and Zihan Wang
Photonics 2023, 10(6), 674; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060674 - 11 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1257
Abstract
We propose an adaptive algorithm that is a Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) optimized by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, named PSO-VMD. The method selects the envelope entropy of the last intrinsic mode function (IMF) in the VMD as the fitness function of [...] Read more.
We propose an adaptive algorithm that is a Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) optimized by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, named PSO-VMD. The method selects the envelope entropy of the last intrinsic mode function (IMF) in the VMD as the fitness function of the PSO and 1/10 of the maximum value of the correlation coefficient between the IMFs and the standard signal as the threshold of the correlation coefficient. In the processing of simulated and experimental second harmonic signals, a series of standards, including the same correlation coefficient threshold and standard signal, are used to adaptively achieve noise reduction processing. After processing a simulated signal using PSO-VMD, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was improved by 4.03877 dB and the correlation coefficient (R2) between the gas concentration and the second harmonic maximum was improved from 0.97743 to 0.99782. In the processing of an experimental signal, the correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.99733. The mean value and standard deviation of the second harmonic signal of multiple cycles processed by PSO-VMD were improved compared to the unprocessed experimental signal. This demonstrated that the method has the advantage of being reliable and stable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Laser Spectroscopy)
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10 pages, 3188 KiB  
Communication
A Fiber-Coupled Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Sensor for Dissolved Gas Detection
by Huiyuan Zhao, Hui Zhang, Mengpeng Hu, Mai Hu, Yan Zhou, Jingqiu Liang and Qiang Wang
Photonics 2023, 10(2), 127; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10020127 - 27 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1627
Abstract
Detection of dissolved gases in oceans is critically needed for global carbon cycle investigation. However, most in situ optical detection techniques, as far as we know, have restricted measurement efficiency due to large gas consumption. Herein, we develop a sub-mL photoacoustic gas sensor [...] Read more.
Detection of dissolved gases in oceans is critically needed for global carbon cycle investigation. However, most in situ optical detection techniques, as far as we know, have restricted measurement efficiency due to large gas consumption. Herein, we develop a sub-mL photoacoustic gas sensor with a simple configuration. A single-mode fiber directly guides the incident laser into the photoacoustic cell without any other free-space optics. Thus, a reduced inner size of 12 mm × 6 mm × 4 mm enables the effective detection of limited dissolved gas. We employ methane (CH4) as an example to demonstrate its sensing performance. The sensor achieves a good linear response with an R-square value of 0.9989 and a minimum detection limit of 1.1 ppmv, corresponding to a normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficient of 7.75 × 10−8 W·cm−1·Hz−1/2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Laser Spectroscopy)
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9 pages, 1249 KiB  
Article
Principle and Performance Analysis of the Levenberg–Marquardt Algorithm in WMS Spectral Line Fitting
by Yongjie Sun, Pengpeng Wang, Tingting Zhang, Kun Li, Feng Peng and Cunguang Zhu
Photonics 2022, 9(12), 999; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120999 - 18 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1541
Abstract
Calibration-free wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) is an efficient technique for trace gas monitoring. It is widely used due to its resistance to light intensity fluctuations, strong suppression of low-frequency noise, fast response time, and excellent environmental adaptability. The calibration-free WMS often employs the [...] Read more.
Calibration-free wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) is an efficient technique for trace gas monitoring. It is widely used due to its resistance to light intensity fluctuations, strong suppression of low-frequency noise, fast response time, and excellent environmental adaptability. The calibration-free WMS often employs the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm for spectral fitting to retrieve gas characteristics. However, to the best of our knowledge, an analysis of the main factors affecting the operational effectiveness of the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm in calibration-free WMS has merely been reported. In this paper, we have systematically analyzed the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm’s operating mechanism in WMS-2f/1f. The results show that the number of parameters and the estimation errors of the initial parameters are the main factors limiting the retrieval accuracy of the algorithm, which provides some important guidelines for the subsequent optimization of the spectral fitting scheme. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Laser Spectroscopy)
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14 pages, 5191 KiB  
Article
Spectral Camouflage Characteristics and Recognition Ability of Targets Based on Visible/Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Images
by Jiale Zhao, Bing Zhou, Guanglong Wang, Jiaju Ying, Jie Liu and Qi Chen
Photonics 2022, 9(12), 957; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics9120957 - 09 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1910
Abstract
Hyperspectral imaging can simultaneously obtain the spatial morphological information of the ground objects and the fine spectral information of each pixel. Through the quantitative analysis of the spectral characteristics of objects, it can complete the task of classification and recognition of ground objects. [...] Read more.
Hyperspectral imaging can simultaneously obtain the spatial morphological information of the ground objects and the fine spectral information of each pixel. Through the quantitative analysis of the spectral characteristics of objects, it can complete the task of classification and recognition of ground objects. The appearance of imaging spectrum technology provides great advantages for military target detection and promotes the continuous improvement of military reconnaissance levels. At the same time, spectral camouflage materials and methods that are relatively resistant to hyperspectral reconnaissance technology are also developing rapidly. In order to study the reconnaissance effect of visible/near-infrared hyperspectral images on camouflage targets, this paper analyzes the spectral characteristics of different camouflage targets using the hyperspectral images obtained in the visible and near-infrared bands under natural conditions. Two groups of experiments were carried out. The first group of experiments verified the spectral camouflage characteristics and camouflage effects of different types of camouflage clothing with grassland as the background; the second group of experiments verified the spectral camouflage characteristics and camouflage effects of different types of camouflage paint sprayed on boards and steel plates. The experiment shows that the hyperspectral image based on the near-infrared band has a good reconnaissance effect for different camouflage targets, and the near-infrared band is an effective “window” band for detecting and distinguishing true and false targets. However, the stability of the visible/near-infrared band detection for the target identification under camouflage paint is poor, and it is difficult to effectively distinguish the object materials under the same camouflage paint. This research confirms the application ability of detection based on the visible/near-infrared band, and points out the direction for the development of imaging detectors and camouflage materials in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Laser Spectroscopy)
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