Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Nanodrugs 2023

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmaceutical Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2023) | Viewed by 1988

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State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, China
Interests: biosensors; drug delivery; nanomedicine; cancer therapy; antibacterial; pharmaceuticals
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microbial infections have always threatened public health, and the situation is becoming worse because some strains of these microorganisms have developed drug resistance to some drugs, such as conventional antibiotics. With the rapid development of nanotechnology and nanomaterials, an increasing number of nanodrugs capable of fighting against various microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi, and viruses) have been designed and prepared. Their diversified size, shape, and chemical characteristics enable nanomaterials to facilitate molecular interactions with the microorganisms, and the high surface-to-volume ratio allows the incorporation of abundant functional moieties to these nanomaterials, thus promoting multivalent interactions with the microorganism. To date, the commonly used antimicrobial nanomaterials include conventional metal (Ag, Cu, Zn, and Ti)-containing nanoagents, two-dimensional nanoagents (e.g., graphene materials, layered double hydroxides, transition-metal dichalcogenides, graphitic carbon nitride, MXenes, black phosphorus, and their derivatives), polymeric nanomaterials, nanomicelles and nanovesicles, carbon dots and silicon nanoparticles, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) nanodots, nanocomposite materials, etc. In addition, nanomaterials with specific light-, heat-, electricity-, magnetic-field-, and ultrasound-responsive properties as well as excellent antimicrobial activity have also attracted the interest of an increasing number of researchers. Common examples include nanoagents with photodynamic therapy capacity and sonodynamic therapy activity. Further, nanozymes with antimicrobial activity have also drawn tremendous research interest from many researchers worldwide. In addition, chemodynamic therapy that utilizes Fenton or Fenton-like reactions to kill microbial cells represents an emerging research direction. Finally, nanomaterials decorated with conventional antibiotics have also shown the potential to achieve enhanced antimicrobial capacity compared to free antibiotics. 

The journal Pharmaceuticals invites both original research articles and reviews regarding the use of nanomaterials and nanodrugs for antimicrobial applications. The related topics include: metal-based nanodrugs for antimicrobial applications, metal-free nanodrugs for antimicrobial applications, and hybrid nanodrugs for antimicrobial applications. We also welcome papers that investigate the interaction mechanisms between nanomaterials/nanodrugs and microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and viruses). The collection of manuscripts will be published as a Special Issue of the journal.

Prof. Dr. Fu-Gen Wu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • nanoagents
  • bacteria
  • antibacterial
  • antimicrobial
  • biofilms
  • drug resistance
  • antibiotics
  • phototherapy
  • nanozymes

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 3506 KiB  
Article
An Enzybiotic Cocktail Effectively Disrupts Preformed Dual Biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis
by Salim Manoharadas, Naushad Ahmad, Mohammad Altaf, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei and Basel F. Al-Rayes
Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16(4), 564; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16040564 - 10 Apr 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1637
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections are on the rise around the world. Chronic infections caused by these pathogens through biofilm mediation often complicate the situation. In natural settings, biofilms are often formed with different species of bacteria existing synergistically or antagonistically. Biofilms on diabetic foot [...] Read more.
Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections are on the rise around the world. Chronic infections caused by these pathogens through biofilm mediation often complicate the situation. In natural settings, biofilms are often formed with different species of bacteria existing synergistically or antagonistically. Biofilms on diabetic foot ulcers are formed predominantly by two opportunistic pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. Bacteriophages and phage-based proteins, including endolysins, have been found to be active against biofilms. In this study, we evaluated the activity of two engineered enzybiotics either by themselves or as a combination against a dual biofilm formed by S. aureus and E. faecalis in an inert glass surface. An additive effect in rapidly disrupting the preformed dual biofilm was observed with the cocktail of proteins, in comparison with mono treatment. The cocktail-treated biofilms were dispersed by more than 90% within 3 h of treatment. Apart from biofilm disruption, bacterial cells embedded in the biofilm matrix were also effectively reduced by more than 90% within 3 h of treatment. This is the first instance where a cocktail of engineered enzybiotics has been effectively used to impede the structural integrity of a dual biofilm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Nanodrugs 2023)
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