Green/Sustainable Synthesis of Nanomaterials: Theranostics, Immunomodulation and Environmental Applications

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Synthesis, Interfaces and Nanostructures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 6318

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
2. University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India
Interests: green chemistry; nanomaterials; sustainable synthesis; environmental remediation’s; advanced oxidation processes; heavy metal ion sensing; catalysis; photocatalysis; seed germination; antimicrobial activity
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Guest Editor
Nanobiotechnology, Nanomedicine, and Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Mathematics and Physics “Ennio De Giorgi”, University of Salento, via per Arnesano 16, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Interests: physics applied to biology; nanomaterials and toxicity; green nanomaterials; biophysics of cell membranes; biomaterials; silver and gold nanoparticles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, due to increasing waste, environmental toxicity, and harmful effects on living organisms, many chemical, agricultural, and pharmaceutical industries are trying to implement green policies.

Among them, the synthesis methods of nanostructured materials (metallic, metal oxide and organic NPs) are also moving toward the use of alternative routes to traditional chemical and physical procedures requiring high energy consumption, use of toxic solvents, and high temperatures.

This makes it possible to obtain structures with different sizes, shapes and surface charges that can be used in multiple fields of application. In the environmental field, such nanomaterials can be used in water remediation, photocatalysis, hydrogen storage, antibacterial agents and other applications. For therapeutic applications, they can be administered in vitro and in vivo in a safer manner than traditional nanomaterials because they can have immunomodulatory effects by avoiding the early activation of the immune system, which is a limitation for theranostic applications.

In particular, for biological applications, green NPs can act as imaging tools in order to visualize the intracellular compartments and the interaction with the plasmamembrane. In addition, they can be used as therapeutic agents in therapy against cancer due to their physico-chemical properties, which are able to destroy malignant cells.

Dr. Jagpreet Singh
Dr. Valeria De Matteis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • nanocomposites
  • metal/metal oxide
  • carbon-based nanomaterials
  • adsorption
  • advanced oxidation processes
  • catalysis
  • photocatalysis
  • sensors
  • antimicrobial
  • antibacterial
  • drug delivery
  • cancer therapy
  • tissue engineering

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 8465 KiB  
Article
Zinc (Zn) Doping by Hydrothermal and Alkaline Heat-Treatment Methods on Titania Nanotube Arrays for Enhanced Antibacterial Activity
by Abhishek Bhattacharjee, Emma Goodall, Bruno Leandro Pereira, Paulo Soares and Ketul C. Popat
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(10), 1606; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13101606 - 10 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2027
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) is a popular biomaterial for orthopedic implant applications due to its superior mechanical properties such as corrosion resistance and low modulus of elasticity. However, around 10% of these implants fail annually due to bacterial infection and poor osseointegration, resulting in severe [...] Read more.
Titanium (Ti) is a popular biomaterial for orthopedic implant applications due to its superior mechanical properties such as corrosion resistance and low modulus of elasticity. However, around 10% of these implants fail annually due to bacterial infection and poor osseointegration, resulting in severe pain and suffering for the patients. To improve their performance, nanoscale surface modification approaches and doping of trace elements on the surfaces can be utilized which may help in improving cell adhesion for better osseointegration while reducing bacterial infection. In this work, at first, titania (TiO2) nanotube arrays (NT) were fabricated on commercially available pure Ti surfaces via anodization. Then zinc (Zn) doping was conducted following two distinct methods: hydrothermal and alkaline heat treatment. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images of the prepared surfaces revealed unique surface morphologies, while energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) revealed Zn distribution on the surfaces. Contact angle measurements indicated that NT surfaces were superhydrophilic. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provided the relative amount of Zn on the surfaces and indicated that hydrothermally treated surfaces had more Zn compared to the alkaline heat-treated surfaces. X-ray crystallography (XRD) and nanoindentation techniques provided the crystal structure and mechanical properties of the surfaces. While testing with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), the surfaces showed no apparent cytotoxicity to the cells. Finally, bacteria adhesion and morphology were evaluated on the surfaces after 6 h and 24 h of incubation. From the results, it was confirmed that NT surfaces doped with Zn drastically reduced bacteria adhesion compared to the Ti control. Zn-doped NT surfaces thus offer a potential platform for orthopedic implant application. Full article
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16 pages, 4406 KiB  
Article
Antifouling and Antimicrobial Study of Nanostructured Mixed-Matrix Membranes for Arsenic Filtration
by Tawsif Siddique, Sheeana Gangadoo, Duy Quang Pham, Naba K. Dutta and Namita Roy Choudhury
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(4), 738; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13040738 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1904
Abstract
Membrane fouling is a major drawback in the membrane filtration industry for water treatment. Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) are well known for their enhanced antifouling and antibacterial properties, which could offer potential benefits for membrane filtration processes in the water treatment field. In this [...] Read more.
Membrane fouling is a major drawback in the membrane filtration industry for water treatment. Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) are well known for their enhanced antifouling and antibacterial properties, which could offer potential benefits for membrane filtration processes in the water treatment field. In this work, three electrospun nanofibrous MMMs (P, CP, and MCP, which were, respectively, the pristine polysulfone membrane and mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) consisting of GO–ZnO and GO–ZnO–iron oxides) were studied for antifouling and antibacterial properties with respect to the arsenic nanofiltration process. The effects of these composites on the antifouling behaviour of the membranes were studied by characterising the bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein adsorption on the membranes and subsequent analysis using microscopic (morphology via scanning electron microscopy) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. The antibacterial properties of these membranes were also studied against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli). The composite nanoparticle-incorporated membranes showed improved antifouling properties in comparison with the pristine polysulfone (PSF) membrane. The excellent antimicrobial properties of these membranes make them appropriate candidates to contribute to or overcome biofouling issues in water or wastewater treatment applications. Full article
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10 pages, 1469 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial Activity of Two Zn-MOFs Containing a Tricarboxylate Linker
by Sara Rojas, Amalia García-García, Tania Hidalgo, María Rosales, Daniel Ruiz-Camino, Pablo Salcedo-Abraira, Helena Montes-Andrés, Duane Choquesillo-Lazarte, Roberto Rosal, Patricia Horcajada and Antonio Rodríguez-Diéguez
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(23), 4139; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12234139 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2137
Abstract
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can be used as reservoirs of metal ions with relevant antibacterial effects. Here, two novel Zn-based MOFs with the formulas [Zn44-O)(μ-FA)L2] (GR-MOF-8) and [Zn44-O)L2(H2O)] (GR-MOF-9) (H [...] Read more.
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can be used as reservoirs of metal ions with relevant antibacterial effects. Here, two novel Zn-based MOFs with the formulas [Zn44-O)(μ-FA)L2] (GR-MOF-8) and [Zn44-O)L2(H2O)] (GR-MOF-9) (H3L: 5-((4-carboxyphenyl)ethynyl) in isophthalic acid and FA (formate anion) were solvothermally synthetized and fully characterized. The antibacterial activity of GR-MOF-8 and 9 was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Escherichia Coli (EC) by the agar diffusion method. Both bacteria are among the most relevant human and animal pathogens, causing a wide variety of infections, and are often related with the development of antimicrobial resistances. While both Zn-based materials exhibited antibacterial activity against both strains, GR-MOF-8 showed the highest inhibitory action, likely due to a more progressive Zn release under the tested experimental conditions. This is particularly evidenced in the inhibition of SA, with an increasing effect of GR-MOF-8 with time, which is of great significance to ensure the disappearance of the microorganism. Full article
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26 pages, 5265 KiB  
Article
Green Chemistry Based Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis Using the Marine Bacterium Lysinibacillus odysseyi PBCW2 and Their Multitudinous Activities
by Tijo Cherian, Debasis Maity, Ramasamy T. Rajendra Kumar, Govindasamy Balasubramani, Chinnasamy Ragavendran, Suneelkumar Yalla, Raju Mohanraju and Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(17), 2940; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12172940 - 26 Aug 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2371
Abstract
Green chemistry has paved an ‘avant-garde avenue’ in the production and fabrication of eco-friendly stable nanoparticles employing the utilization of biological agents. In the present study we present the first report on the potential of the marine bacterium Lysinibacillus odysseyi PBCW2 for the [...] Read more.
Green chemistry has paved an ‘avant-garde avenue’ in the production and fabrication of eco-friendly stable nanoparticles employing the utilization of biological agents. In the present study we present the first report on the potential of the marine bacterium Lysinibacillus odysseyi PBCW2 for the extracellular production of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Utilizing a variety of methods, AuNPs in the cell-free supernatant of L. odysseyi (CFS-LBOE) were identified and their antioxidant, antibacterial, and dye-degrading properties were examined. The visual coloring of the reaction mixture to a ruby red hue showed the production of LBOE-AuNPs; validated by means of XRD, TEM, SEM, XRD, DLS, TGA, and FT-IR analysis. Additionally, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl technique and the well diffusion assay were used to examine their dose-dependent antioxidant and antibacterial activity. These biogenic LBOE-AuNPs showed 91% dye degradation efficiency during catalytic reduction activity on BTB dye, demonstrating their versatility as options for heterogeneous catalysis. Full article
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