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Nanomaterials
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Nanocomposites for Energy Harvesting
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Nanocomposites for Energy Harvesting

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanocomposite Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (14 October 2023) | Viewed by 5696

Special Issue Editors

Dr. In Hwan Jung

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Organic and Nano Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
Interests: conjugated polymers; organic semiconductors; organic electrochromic materials; organic solar cells; organic transistors; organic thermoelectronics; organic photodetectors
Prof. Dr. Wonho Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi‐si 39177, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
Interests: conductive polymers; polyelectrolytes; organic–inorganic complexes; energy/electronic devices
Dr. Weon Ho Shin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Interests: thermoelectric materials; thermoelectric module; ceramic nanoparticles; carbon nanotube; graphene; composite materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of low- and zero-carbon technologies is currently an important mission being pursued by humankind, and countries around the world are accelerating the development of renewable and clean energy. Currently, the development of energy harvesting devices such as solar cells, thermoelectric devices, and piezoelectric devices is being actively researched, and breakthroughs have been made in wearable and flexible devices. In addition, energy storage devices such as batteries and supercapacitors are being actively researched to increase capacitance and stability.

In this Special Issue, we will cover the development of nanocomposites using polymers, organic materials, nanomaterials (0, 1, 2, 3D), quantum dots, inorganic crystals, organic–inorganic hybrid materials and their utilization in various energy harvesting applications. The scope of this Special Issue is not limited to this category, and we would like to include research on the development of new materials and devices for energy harvesting.

Dr. In Hwan Jung
Prof. Dr. Wonho Lee
Dr. Weon Ho Shin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanocomposites
  • polymer nanocomposites
  • thermoelectric devices
  • photovoltaic cells
  • batteries
  • self-powered electronic devices

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2930 KiB  
Article
Thermally Stable Ceramic-Salt Electrolytes for Li Metal Batteries Produced from Cold Sintering Using DMF/Water Mixture Solvents
by Sunwoo Kim, Yejin Gim and Wonho Lee
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(17), 2436; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13172436 - 28 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1183
Abstract
The cold sintering process (CSP) for synthesizing oxide-based electrolytes, which uses water transient solvents and uniaxial pressure, is a promising alternative to the conventional high temperature sintering process due to its low temperature (<200 °C) and short processing time (<2 h). However, the [...] Read more.
The cold sintering process (CSP) for synthesizing oxide-based electrolytes, which uses water transient solvents and uniaxial pressure, is a promising alternative to the conventional high temperature sintering process due to its low temperature (<200 °C) and short processing time (<2 h). However, the formation of amorphous secondary phases in the intergranular regions, which results in poor ionic conductivity (σ), remains a challenge. In this study, we introduced high-boiling solvents of dimethylformamide (DMF, b.p.: 153 °C) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, b.p.: 189 °C) as transient solvents to develop composite electrolytes of Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3 (LAGP) with bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide lithium salt (LiTFSI). Our results show that composite electrolytes processed with the DMF/water mixture (CSP LAGP-LiTFSI DMF/H2O) yield a high σ of 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature and high relative densities of >87%. Furthermore, the composite electrolytes exhibit good thermal stability; the σ maintains its initial value after heat treatment. In contrast, the composite electrolytes processed with the DMSO/water mixture and water alone show thermal degradation. The CSP LAGP-LiTFSI DMF/H2O composite electrolytes exhibit long-term stability, showing no signs of short circuiting after 350 h at 0.1 mAh cm−2 in Li symmetric cells. Our work highlights the importance of selecting appropriate transient solvents for producing efficient and stable composite electrolytes using CSP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocomposites for Energy Harvesting)
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13 pages, 5568 KiB  
Article
Indolocarbazole-Based Photo-Crosslinkable Hole-Transporting Layer for Efficient Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
by Jeong Yong Park, Seon Lee Kwak, Hea Jung Park and Do-Hoon Hwang
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(13), 1934; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13131934 - 25 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1202
Abstract
We designed and synthesized a new indolocarbazole-based polymer, poly(N,N-diphenyl(5,11-dihexylindolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazol-2-yl)amine) (PICA), for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels of this polymer, −5.25 and −2.46 eV, respectively, are suitable for hole transport from the anode to [...] Read more.
We designed and synthesized a new indolocarbazole-based polymer, poly(N,N-diphenyl(5,11-dihexylindolo[3,2,1-jk]carbazol-2-yl)amine) (PICA), for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels of this polymer, −5.25 and −2.46 eV, respectively, are suitable for hole transport from the anode to the emissive layer. PICA was photo-crosslinked by UV irradiation with ethane-1,2-diyl bis(4-azido-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzoate) (FPA) as the photoinitiator. Successful crosslinking was confirmed by a decreased intensity in the azide-stretching FT-IR peak and solvent test with toluene (a suitable solvent for PICA). The PICA film photo-crosslinked with 3 wt% FPA showed enhanced solvent resistance (90%) compared to the non-crosslinked neat PICA film (<20%). Moreover, OLED devices using PICA-based hole-transporting layers exhibited better device performance (EQE/LE/PE: 8.88%/12.97/8.12 in red devices, 10.84%/38.47 cd/A/25.06 lm/W in green devices) than those using poly-TPD:FPA. We demonstrated that the photo-crosslinked PICA can be applied as a hole-transporting layer in solution-processed OLEDs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocomposites for Energy Harvesting)
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16 pages, 6077 KiB  
Article
Advancement of Physical and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Nanostructured CdS Thin Films toward Optoelectronic Applications
by Walid Ismail, Ghada Ibrahim, Mohamed A. Habib, Omar K. Alduaij, Mahmoud Abdelfatah and Abdelhamid El-Shaer
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(11), 1764; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13111764 - 30 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1347
Abstract
CdS thin films were grown on an FTO substrate at different temperatures, employing the low-cost hydrothermal method. All the fabricated CdS thin films were studied using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, PL spectroscopy, a UV–Vis spectrophotometer, photocurrent, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and Mott–Schottky measurements. [...] Read more.
CdS thin films were grown on an FTO substrate at different temperatures, employing the low-cost hydrothermal method. All the fabricated CdS thin films were studied using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, PL spectroscopy, a UV–Vis spectrophotometer, photocurrent, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and Mott–Schottky measurements. According to the XRD results, all the CdS thin films were formed in a cubic (zinc blende) structure with a favorable (111) orientation at various temperatures. The Scherrer equation was used to determine the crystal size of the CdS thin films, which varied from 25 to 40 nm. The SEM results indicated that the morphology of thin films seems to be dense, uniform, and tightly attached to the substrates. PL measurements showed the typical green and red emission peaks of CdS films at 520 nm and 705 nm, and these are attributable to free-carrier recombination and sulfur vacancies or cadmium vacancies, respectively. The optical absorption edge of the thin films was positioned between 500 and 517 nm which related to the CdS band gap. For the fabricated thin films, the estimated Eg was found to be between 2.50 and 2.39 eV. According to the photocurrent measurements, the CdS thin films grown were n-type semiconductors. As indicated by EIS, resistivity to charge transfer (RCT) decreased with temperature, reaching its lowest level at 250 °C. Flat band potential and donor density were found to fluctuate with temperature, from 0.39 to 0.76 V and 4.41 × 1018 to 15.86 × 1018 cm−3, respectively, according to Mott–Schottky measurements. Our results indicate that CdS thin films are promising candidates for optoelectronic applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocomposites for Energy Harvesting)
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15 pages, 3621 KiB  
Article
Development of Alkylthiazole-Based Novel Thermoelectric Conjugated Polymers for Facile Organic Doping
by Junho Kim, Eui Hyun Suh, Kyumin Lee, Gyuri Kim, Hansu Kim, Jaeyoung Jang and In Hwan Jung
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(7), 1286; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13071286 - 06 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1657
Abstract
In this study, we developed two novel conjugated polymers that can easily be doped with F4TCNQ organic dopants using a sequential doping method and then studied their organic thermoelectric (OTE) properties. In particular, to promote the intermolecular ordering of OTE polymers in the [...] Read more.
In this study, we developed two novel conjugated polymers that can easily be doped with F4TCNQ organic dopants using a sequential doping method and then studied their organic thermoelectric (OTE) properties. In particular, to promote the intermolecular ordering of OTE polymers in the presence of the F4TCNQ dopant, alkylthiazole-based conjugated building blocks with highly planar backbone structures were synthesized and copolymerized. All polymers showed strong molecular ordering and edge-on orientation in the film state, even in the presence of the F4TCNQ organic dopant. Thus, the sequential doping process barely changed the molecular ordering of the polymer films while making efficient molecular doping. In addition, the doping efficiency was improved in the more π-extended polymer backbones with thienothiophene units due to the emptier space in the polymer lamellar structure to locate ionized F4TCNQ. Moreover, the study of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) revealed that higher hole mobility in OTFTs was the key to increasing the electrical conductivity of OTE devices fabricated using the sequential doping method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanocomposites for Energy Harvesting)
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