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Nanomaterials
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New Avenues of Research for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems
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New Avenues of Research for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 36242

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Rafael Prado-Gotor

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain
Interests: DNA-NPs; proteins-NPs interactions; thermodynamics; kinetics and ligand-ligand interactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The understanding of the different factors that control the correct procedure for drug loading and nanoparticle drug delivery systems is having a significant impact on many scientific fields, particularly in medicine, chemistry, biology, material science and molecular biotechnology. Not only the election of the correct nanoparticle, the interaction with the biological system or the study of the liberation mechanism is needed to be perfectly understood. In order to well design nanoparticle drug delivery agents a high drug-to-nanoparticle ratio must be achieved. Also, biocompatibility and control of release kinetics are key factors for the design of NP as drug delivery vectors.

Today, efforts on the development of appropriate nanosystems are focused in producing new materials that release drugs in a sequential manner with different therapeutic efficacy. To achieve optimal results among researchers from various areas this Special Issue of Nanomaterials will try to consider all of these key factors that may be taken into account for nanosystems to be suitable for drug release. We invite authors to contribute original research articles or comprehensive mini-review articles covering new synthesis and selection type of NP, drug loading into NPs, stability and new results for in vitro and in vivo studies in order to use NP as efficient drug delivery systems.  

Prof. Dr. Rafael Prado-Gotor
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Nanoparticle synthesis
  • Drug loading Nanoparticle drug release
  • Delivery vectors
  • Nanoparticles accumulation
  • Drug bioavailability
  • Nanomedicine

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

2 pages, 189 KiB  
Editorial
New Avenues of Research for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems
by Rafael Prado-Gotor
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(23), 4141; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12234141 - 23 Nov 2022
Viewed by 839
Abstract
Knowledge of the different elements that determine the optimal method for drug loading and delivery nanosystems using nanoparticles of different natures is experiencing a remarkable boom in many scientific fields, especially in medicine, chemistry, biology, materials science and molecular biotechnology [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Avenues of Research for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems)

Research

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17 pages, 3672 KiB  
Article
Lysozyme–AuNPs Interactions: Determination of Binding Free Energy
by Axel Gomes, Jose M. Carnerero, Aila Jimenez-Ruiz, Elia Grueso, Rosa M. Giráldez-Pérez and Rafael Prado-Gotor
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(8), 2139; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11082139 - 22 Aug 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1829
Abstract
Investigation and optimization of lysozyme (Lys) adsorption onto gold nanoparticles, AuNPs, were carried out. The purpose of this study is to determine the magnitude of the AuNPs–lysozyme interaction in aqueous media by simple spectrophotometric means, and to obtain the free energy of binding [...] Read more.
Investigation and optimization of lysozyme (Lys) adsorption onto gold nanoparticles, AuNPs, were carried out. The purpose of this study is to determine the magnitude of the AuNPs–lysozyme interaction in aqueous media by simple spectrophotometric means, and to obtain the free energy of binding of the system for the first time. In order to explore the possibilities of gold nanoparticles for sensing lysozyme in aqueous media, the stability of the samples and the influence of the gold and nanoparticle concentrations in the detection limit were studied. ζ potential measurements and the shift of the surface plasmon band showed a state of saturation with an average number of 55 Lys per gold nanoparticle. Lysozyme–AuNPs interactions induce aggregation of citrate-stabilized AuNPs at low concentrations by neutering the negative charges of citrate anions; from those aggregation data, the magnitude of the interactions has been measured by using Benesi–Hildebrand plots. However, at higher protein concentrations aggregation has been found to decrease. Although the nanocluster morphology remains unchanged in the presence of Lys, slight conformational changes of the protein occur. The influence of the size of the nanoclusters was also investigated for 5, 10, and 20 nm AuNPs, and 10 nm AuNPs was found the most appropriate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Avenues of Research for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems)
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15 pages, 2737 KiB  
Article
Colorimetric, Naked-Eye Detection of Lysozyme in Human Urine with Gold Nanoparticles
by Paula M. Castillo, Francisco J. Fernández-Acejo, Jose M. Carnerero, Rafael Prado-Gotor and Aila Jimenez-Ruiz
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(3), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030612 - 01 Mar 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2692
Abstract
The stabilizing effect of lysozymes to salt addition over a gold colloid are exploited in order to detect lysozymes in human urine samples. The present research is aimed at the development of a fast, naked-eye detection test for urinary lysozymuria, in which direct [...] Read more.
The stabilizing effect of lysozymes to salt addition over a gold colloid are exploited in order to detect lysozymes in human urine samples. The present research is aimed at the development of a fast, naked-eye detection test for urinary lysozymuria, in which direct comparison with a colorimetric reference, allows for the immediate determination of positive/negative cases. CIEL*a*b* parameters were obtained from sample absorbance measurements, and their color difference with respect to a fixed reference point was measured by calculating the ΔE76 parameter, which is a measure of how well the colors can be distinguished by an untrained observer. Results show that a simple and quick test can reliably, in less than 15 min, give a positive colorimetric response in the naked eye for concentrations of a urinary lysozyme over 57.2 µg/mL. This concentration is well within the limits of that observed for leukemia-associated lysozymurias, among other disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Avenues of Research for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems)
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Graphical abstract

16 pages, 5987 KiB  
Article
Ex Vivo Permeation of Carprofen Vehiculated by PLGA Nanoparticles through Porcine Mucous Membranes and Ophthalmic Tissues
by Lídia Gómez-Segura, Alexander Parra, Ana Cristina Calpena-Campmany, Álvaro Gimeno, Immaculada Gómez de Aranda and Antonio Boix-Montañes
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(2), 355; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10020355 - 18 Feb 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2992
Abstract
(1) Background: Carprofen (CP), 2-(6-chlorocarbazole) propionic acid, is used as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic agent and it belongs to the family of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). CP has some adverse reactions in systemic administration; for this reason, topical administration with CP nanoparticles [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Carprofen (CP), 2-(6-chlorocarbazole) propionic acid, is used as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic agent and it belongs to the family of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). CP has some adverse reactions in systemic administration; for this reason, topical administration with CP nanoparticles (CP-NPs) can be an optimal alternative. The main objective of this work is the investigation of ex vivo permeation of CP through different types of porcine mucous membranes (buccal, sublingual and vaginal) and ophthalmic tissues (cornea, sclera and conjunctiva) to compare the influence of CP-NPs formulation over a CP solution (CP-Solution). (2) Methods: The ex vivo permeation profiles were evaluated using Franz diffusion cells. Furthermore, in vivo studies were performed to verify that the formulations did not affect the cell structure and to establish the amount retained (Qr) in the tissues. (3) Results: Permeation of CP-NPs is more effective in terms of drug retention in almost all tissues (with the exception of sclera and sublingual). In vivo studies show that neither of the two formulations affects tissue structure, so both formulations are safe. (4) Conclusions: It was concluded that CP-NPs may be a useful tool for the topical treatment of local inflammation in veterinary and human medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Avenues of Research for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems)
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Graphical abstract

14 pages, 7929 KiB  
Article
Accelerated Osteogenic Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 Cells by Lactoferrin-Conjugated Nanodiamonds through Enhanced Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects
by Sung Eun Kim, Somang Choi, Jae-Young Hong, Kyu-Sik Shim, Tae-Hoon Kim, Kyeongsoon Park and Suk-Ha Lee
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(1), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10010050 - 24 Dec 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3838
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lactoferrin (LF)-conjugated nanodiamonds (NDs) in vitro on both anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation activity as well as osteogenic promotion. The application of LF-NDs resulted in sustained release of LF for up to 7 days. [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lactoferrin (LF)-conjugated nanodiamonds (NDs) in vitro on both anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation activity as well as osteogenic promotion. The application of LF-NDs resulted in sustained release of LF for up to 7 days. In vitro anti-oxidant analyses performed using Dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) assay and cell proliferation studies showed that LF (50 μg)-NDs effectively scavenged the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MC3T3-E1 cells (osteoblast-like cells) after H2O2 treatment and increased proliferation of cells after H2O2 treatment. Treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MC3T3-E1 cells with LF-NDs suppressed levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In addition, LF-NDs were associated with outstanding enhancement of osteogenic activity of MC3T3-E1 cells due to increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium deposition. Our findings suggest that LF-NDs are an important substrate for alleviating ROS effects and inflammation, as well as promoting osteogenic differentiation of cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Avenues of Research for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems)
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Review

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41 pages, 2933 KiB  
Review
Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery: Recent Developments and Future Prospects
by Belén Begines, Tamara Ortiz, María Pérez-Aranda, Guillermo Martínez, Manuel Merinero, Federico Argüelles-Arias and Ana Alcudia
Nanomaterials 2020, 10(7), 1403; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10071403 - 19 Jul 2020
Cited by 397 | Viewed by 22922
Abstract
The complexity of some diseases—as well as the inherent toxicity of certain drugs—has led to an increasing interest in the development and optimization of drug-delivery systems. Polymeric nanoparticles stand out as a key tool to improve drug bioavailability or specific delivery at the [...] Read more.
The complexity of some diseases—as well as the inherent toxicity of certain drugs—has led to an increasing interest in the development and optimization of drug-delivery systems. Polymeric nanoparticles stand out as a key tool to improve drug bioavailability or specific delivery at the site of action. The versatility of polymers makes them potentially ideal for fulfilling the requirements of each particular drug-delivery system. In this review, a summary of the state-of-the-art panorama of polymeric nanoparticles as drug-delivery systems has been conducted, focusing mainly on those applications in which the corresponding disease involves an important morbidity, a considerable reduction in the life quality of patients—or even a high mortality. A revision of the use of polymeric nanoparticles for ocular drug delivery, for cancer diagnosis and treatment, as well as nutraceutical delivery, was carried out, and a short discussion about future prospects of these systems is included. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Avenues of Research for Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems)
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