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Nanomaterials
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Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for Biology
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Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for Biology

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 9748

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sergio Gómez-Graña

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Guest Editor
Biomedical research center (CINBIO), University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
Interests: nanoparticles synthesis, self-assembly, microfluidics, SERS, nanomedicine
Dr. Alejandro Baeza

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Guest Editor
Materials and Aeroespatial Production Department, Polymer Materials Research Group, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: nanomedicine; stimuli-responsive drug nanocarriers; nano-oncology; nanomotors for clinical diagnosis; nanomaterials; development of targeting moieties based on synthetic small molecules for antitumoral therapy; protein encapsulation; polymeric nanocapsules for protein delivery in medicine; nanorobots
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gonzalo Villaverde

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: nanotechnology, nanomedicine, peptide and small molecules synthesis, targeting agents for nanomedicine and oncologic applications, immunotherapy, cell therapy.

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As known worldwide, the nanometric world has unique and extraordinary physicochemical properties, being very promising materials for a wide range of applications such as energy harvesting, photonics or biology. Both nanoparticle- and nanoparticle-based nanostructures are progressively being implemented in daily life. In relation to biological applications, both nanomaterials and nanoparticles are increasingly being implemented since our understanding of them is increasingly improving.

This Special Issue aims to offer an overview of the use of nanoparticles and nanostructures in biology, emphasizing the importance of understanding the relationships between biological agents (cells, bacteria, proteins, etc.) and nanoparticles or nanostructures, and the impact that these have on the final applications. We would like to focus this Special Issue on improving the quality of life of humans or the environment, thanks to the use of nanomaterials that may interact with biological media. Therefore, we would like to invite you to submit your research articles or reviews discussing and summarizing the state of the art and the latest advances in the field, involving the synthesis of nanomaterials and their applications in the field of biology.

We are waiting to receive your contributions to this Special Issue.

Dr. Sergio Gómez-Graña
Dr. Alejandro Baeza
Dr. Gonzalo Villaverde
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanoparticles
  • nanostructures
  • biomedical applications
  • biocompatibility
  • nanomedicine

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 205 KiB  
Editorial
Nanomaterials and Nanostructures Hand-In-Hand with Biology
by Gonzalo Villaverde, Alejandro Baeza and Sergio Gómez-Graña
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(14), 2317; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12142317 - 06 Jul 2022
Viewed by 1063
Abstract
The nanoparticle’s synthesis had its tipping point at the beginning of the 21st century, opening up the possibility of manufacturing nanoparticles with almost every imaginable shape and size [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for Biology)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

13 pages, 2300 KiB  
Article
Polydimethylsiloxane Sponge-Supported Metal Nanoparticles as Reusable Catalyst for Continuous Flow Reactions
by Sergio Gómez-Graña, Marta Pita, Paula Humada-Iglesias, Jorge Pérez-Juste and Pablo Hervés
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(12), 2081; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12122081 - 16 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1805
Abstract
In this manuscript, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sponges supporting metal nanoparticles (gold and palladium) were developed and their catalytic properties were studied through a model reaction such as the hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol. Different synthetic conditions for gold and palladium were studied to obtain the best [...] Read more.
In this manuscript, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sponges supporting metal nanoparticles (gold and palladium) were developed and their catalytic properties were studied through a model reaction such as the hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol. Different synthetic conditions for gold and palladium were studied to obtain the best catalyst in terms of nanoparticle loading. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The catalytic efficiency and recyclability of the supported catalyst were tested in static conditions. In addition, thanks to the porous structure of the material where the catalytic centers (metal nanoparticles) are located, the model reaction for continuous flow systems was tested, passing the reaction components through the catalyst, observing a high efficiency and recyclability for these systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for Biology)
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18 pages, 5938 KiB  
Article
Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Phagnalon niveum and Its In Vivo Anti-Diabetic Effect against Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats
by Muhammad Nisar Ul Haq, Ghulam Mujtaba Shah, Alia Gul, Ahmed Ibrahim Foudah, Mohammad Hamed Alqarni, Hasan Soliman Yusufoglu, Masroor Hussain, Huda Mohammed Alkreathy, Ihsan Ullah, Amir Muhammad Khan, Shahid Jamil, Mushtaq Ahmed and Rahmat Ali Khan
Nanomaterials 2022, 12(5), 830; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12050830 - 01 Mar 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2715
Abstract
Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a non-communicable, life-threatening syndrome that is present all over the world. The use of eco-friendly, cost-effective and green synthesised nanoparticles (NPs) as a medicinal therapy in the treatment of T2DM is an attractive option. Aim: The [...] Read more.
Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a non-communicable, life-threatening syndrome that is present all over the world. The use of eco-friendly, cost-effective and green synthesised nanoparticles (NPs) as a medicinal therapy in the treatment of T2DM is an attractive option. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of the phyto-synthesised silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained from Phagnalon niveum plant methanolic extract. Methods: The green synthesised AgNPs made from Phagnalon niveum plant methanolic extract were analysed by Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and the functional groups involved in the reduction of the silver ions (Ag+) were characterised by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The size and crystallinity were assessed via X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The morphology of AgNPs was confirmed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The amount of silver (Ag) was estimated via energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. An intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg alloxan per kg albino Wistar rats’ body weight, at eight weeks old and weighing 140–150 g, was used to induce diabetes mellitus (N = 25; n = 5/group). Group C: untreated normal control rats that only received distilled water, group DAC: diabetic control rats that received alloxan 200 mg/Kg body weight, DG: diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide at 0.5 mg/kg body weight, DE: diabetic rats that received methanolic P. niveum extract at 10 mg/Kg body weight, and DAgNPs: diabetic rates that received AgNPs synthesised from P. niveum at 10 mg/kg body weight. The blood glucose levels were monitored on days 0, 7, and 14, while lipid, liver, and kidney profiles were checked after dissection at the end of treatment (day 21). On the final day of the period study (day 21), an oral glucose tolerance test was carried out by administering orally 2 g/kg body weight of glucose to the respective groups, and the blood glucose level was checked. A fasting glucose level was measured using a glucometer. Urine samples were collected from each animal and analysed using lab-made assay kits for glucose, bilirubin, pH, leukocytes, and nitrite, among other factors. For statistical analyses, a one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s test were applied. Results: The green-mediated synthesis of AgNPs using P. niveum methanolic extract produced spherical and mono-dispersed NPs with a size ranging from 12 to 28 nm (average: 21 nm). Importantly, a significant reduction of blood glucose levels and an increase in body weight, as well as a remarkable improvement in lipid, liver, and kidney profiles, were noticed. Conclusions: The biosynthesised AgNPs significantly improved the abnormalities in body weight, urine, and serum levels, indicating that it is a promising anti-diabetic agent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for Biology)
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9 pages, 1904 KiB  
Article
Using Si/MoS2 Core-Shell Nanopillar Arrays Enhances SERS Signal
by Tsung-Shine Ko, Han-Yuan Liu, Jiann Shieh, De Shieh, Szu-Hung Chen, Yen-Lun Chen and En-Ting Lin
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(3), 733; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030733 - 15 Mar 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2912
Abstract
Two-dimensional layered material Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) exhibits a flat surface without dangling bonds and is expected to be a suitable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for the detection of organic molecules. However, further fabrication of nanostructures for enhancement of SERS is [...] Read more.
Two-dimensional layered material Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) exhibits a flat surface without dangling bonds and is expected to be a suitable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate for the detection of organic molecules. However, further fabrication of nanostructures for enhancement of SERS is necessary because of the low detection efficiency of MoS2. In this paper, period-distribution Si/MoS2 core/shell nanopillar (NP) arrays were fabricated for SERS. The MoS2 thin films were formed on the surface of Si NPs by sulfurizing the MoO3 thin films coated on the Si NP arrays. Scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were performed to characterize Si/MoS2 core-shell nanostructure. In comparison with a bare Si substrate and MoS2 thin film, the use of Si/MoS2 core-shell NP arrays as SERS substrates enhances the intensity of each SERS signal peak for Rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules, and especially exhibits about 75-fold and 7-fold enhancements in the 1361 cm−1 peak signal, respectively. We suggest that the Si/MoS2 core-shell NP arrays with larger area could absorb more R6G molecules and provide larger interfaces between MoS2 and R6G molecules, leading to higher opportunity of charge transfer process and exciton transitions. Therefore, the Si/MoS2 core/shell NP arrays could effectively enhance SERS signal and serve as excellent SERS substrates in biomedical detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for Biology)
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16 pages, 4652 KiB  
Article
Enhancing the Activity of Silver Nanowire Membranes by Electrochemical Cyclic Voltammetry as Highly Sensitive Flexible SERS Substrate for On-Site Analysis
by Rui Zhang, Yongchao Lai and Jinhua Zhan
Nanomaterials 2021, 11(3), 672; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11030672 - 09 Mar 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2322
Abstract
The development of high-quality flexible surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates is crucial for developing rapid SERS analysis in situ. Silver nanowire membranes as novel flexible substrates could benefit from the high collection efficiency of analytes by wrapping complex surfaces or wiping the surfaces [...] Read more.
The development of high-quality flexible surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates is crucial for developing rapid SERS analysis in situ. Silver nanowire membranes as novel flexible substrates could benefit from the high collection efficiency of analytes by wrapping complex surfaces or wiping the surfaces of samples. However, their low SERS performance impedes further applications of silver nanowire membranes in analyte detection. Herein, we report an ultra-high-sensitivity silver nanowire membrane synthesized by a simple and time-saving cyclic voltammetry (CV) method. After CV treatment, a part of the silver nanowires on the silver nanowire membrane turned into small nanoparticles and nanorods. This nanostructure’s reconstitution increased the analytical enhancement factor of silver nanowire membranes by 14.4 times. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to investigate the transformation in the membrane nanostructure. The CV-treated substrates exhibited high surface-enhanced Raman activity and good temporal stability. The limits of detection (LODs) for p-aminothiophenol, crystal violet, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, sodium perchlorate, malachite green, fluoranthene, and potassium nitrate are 3.7 × 10−12 M, 5.1 × 10−11 M, 5.4 × 10−11 M, 6.3 × 10−9 M, 0.00693 ng, 0.0810 ng, and 0.0273 ng on this substrate, respectively. Additionally, the developed substrate is feasible for the detection of crystal violet in real samples. These results certify that CV-treated substrates possess broad application prospects in on-site SERS analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanomaterials and Nanostructures for Biology)
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