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Molecules
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Laser/Optical Spectroscopy: Development and Applications
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Laser/Optical Spectroscopy: Development and Applications

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Photochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 19972

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Mihail Lucian Pascu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Plasma and Radiation Physics Department of Lasers Bucarest, National Institute for Laser, Romania
Interests: laser physics; laser spectroscopy; optics; biophotonics; optofluidics; biomedicine; laser pharmacology; environmental physics; medical laser equipment; QPI microscopy; laser techniques in outer space; optoacoustic devices; micro-/droplet-lasers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I would like to introduce the Special Issue of Molecules entitled “Laser/Optical Spectroscopy: Development and Applications”.

Optics and optical spectroscopy are dynamic fields that are developing very fast, triggered by (i) the need to go deeper in scientific approach of natural processes and phenomena and, at the same time, by (ii) the sometimes, unpredictable evolution of life sciences, technology, and industrial processes.

The issue is conceived to encourage reports about multidisciplinary approaches in optics and optical spectroscopy physics and applications in an extended number of fields, from experiments on Earth, to outer space working conditions.

We cordially invite colleagues to submit papers for publication in this issue and we plan to accept reviews and original articles in optical spectroscopy with an emphasis on laser spectroscopy and optical interferometry and imagery. We also encourage authors to submit papers in complementary fields, such as high-resolution microscopy, biomolecular spectroscopy, multiple drug resistance, optics of miniaturized systems, opto- and micro-fluidics, spectroscopy of very small volume samples, micro- and nano-spectroscopy, and micro- and nano-lasers.

Prof. Dr. Mihail Lucian Pascu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Laser spectroscopy
  • Biomolecular spectroscopy
  • Nanospectroscopy
  • Microspectroscopy
  • Optofluidics
  • Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) microscopy
  • Microlasers
  • Nanolasers
  • Biophotonics
  • Lasers in microgravitation
  • Lasers in hypergravitation
  • Optical spectroscopy of environment

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 176 KiB  
Editorial
Editorial: Trends in Optical/Laser Spectroscopy and Applications
by Mihail Lucian Pascu
Molecules 2021, 26(7), 1929; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26071929 - 30 Mar 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1261
Abstract
Optics and optical spectroscopy are dynamic fields that are developing very fast nowadays, triggered by (i) the need to go deeper in the scientific approach to nature’s processes and phenomena, (ii) the evolution of applications in technological and industrial processes, art conservation, environment [...] Read more.
Optics and optical spectroscopy are dynamic fields that are developing very fast nowadays, triggered by (i) the need to go deeper in the scientific approach to nature’s processes and phenomena, (ii) the evolution of applications in technological and industrial processes, art conservation, environment protection and cosmic space, and (iii) the sometimes hard to predict evolutions of knowledge in science, life sciences, artistic culture, technology and industrial processes [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser/Optical Spectroscopy: Development and Applications)

Research

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15 pages, 4773 KiB  
Article
Quinazoline Derivatives Designed as Efflux Pump Inhibitors: Molecular Modeling and Spectroscopic Studies
by Ana-Maria Udrea, Andra Dinache, Jean-Marie Pagès and Ruxandra Angela Pirvulescu
Molecules 2021, 26(8), 2374; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082374 - 19 Apr 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2187
Abstract
Multidrug resistance of bacteria is a worrying concern in the therapeutic field and an alternative method to combat it is designing new efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs). This article presents a molecular study of two quinazoline derivatives, labelled BG1189 and BG1190, proposed as EPIs. [...] Read more.
Multidrug resistance of bacteria is a worrying concern in the therapeutic field and an alternative method to combat it is designing new efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs). This article presents a molecular study of two quinazoline derivatives, labelled BG1189 and BG1190, proposed as EPIs. In silico approach investigates the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile of BG1189 and BG1190 quinazolines. Molecular docking and predicted ADMET features suggest that BG1189 and BG1190 may represent attractive candidates as antimicrobial drugs. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy was employed to study the time stability of quinazoline solutions in water or in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), in constant environmental conditions, and to determine the influence of usual storage temperature, normal room lighting and laser radiation (photostability) on samples stability. The effects of irradiation on BG1189 and BG1190 molecules were also assessed through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. FTIR spectra showed that laser radiation breaks some chemical bonds affecting the substituents and the quinazoline radical of the compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser/Optical Spectroscopy: Development and Applications)
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15 pages, 3101 KiB  
Article
Optical Characterization of Ciprofloxacin Photolytic Degradation by UV-Pulsed Laser Radiation
by Tatiana Tozar, Mihai Boni, Angela Staicu and Mihail Lucian Pascu
Molecules 2021, 26(8), 2324; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082324 - 16 Apr 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2386
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin is one of the most prescribed antibiotics in treating bacterial infections, becoming an important pollutant of the wastewaters. Moreover, ciprofloxacin is hard to be destroyed by conventional water treatment processes; therefore, efficient treatments to destroy it are needed in water decontamination. This [...] Read more.
Ciprofloxacin is one of the most prescribed antibiotics in treating bacterial infections, becoming an important pollutant of the wastewaters. Moreover, ciprofloxacin is hard to be destroyed by conventional water treatment processes; therefore, efficient treatments to destroy it are needed in water decontamination. This study offers insights into the performance of 266 nm laser beams on the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin. An Nd:YAG laser was used that emitted 266 nm at an energy of 6.5 mJ (power of 65 mW) and ciprofloxacin water solutions were irradiated up to 240 min. The irradiated solutions were investigated by UV-Vis and FTIR absorption spectroscopy, pH assay, and laser-induced fluorescence. An HPTLC densitometer was used to characterize the laser-induced fluorescence and fluorescence lifetime of photodegradation products. The UV-Vis absorption, FTIR, and laser-induced fluorescence spectra showed the degradation of ciprofloxacin. Moreover, HPTLC densitometry offered the fluorescence and fluorescence lifetime of ciprofloxacin and its three photoproducts as well as their relative quantification. From the FTIR spectra, the molecular structure of two out of three photoproducts was proposed. In conclusion, the laser irradiation method provided the efficient photodegradation of ciprofloxacin, whereas the analytical techniques offered the proper means to monitor the process and detect the obtained photoproducts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser/Optical Spectroscopy: Development and Applications)
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Review

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31 pages, 2495 KiB  
Review
Spectral Properties of Foams and Emulsions
by Andra Dinache, Mihail-Lucian Pascu and Adriana Smarandache
Molecules 2021, 26(24), 7704; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247704 - 20 Dec 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3688
Abstract
The optical and spectral properties of foams and emulsions provide information about their micro-/nanostructures, chemical and time stability and molecular data of their components. Foams and emulsions are collections of different kinds of bubbles or drops with particular properties. A summary of various [...] Read more.
The optical and spectral properties of foams and emulsions provide information about their micro-/nanostructures, chemical and time stability and molecular data of their components. Foams and emulsions are collections of different kinds of bubbles or drops with particular properties. A summary of various surfactant and emulsifier types is performed here, as well as an overview of methods for producing foams and emulsions. Absorption, reflectance, and vibrational spectroscopy (Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy-FTIR, Raman spectroscopy) studies are detailed in connection with the spectral characterization techniques of colloidal systems. Diffusing Wave Spectroscopy (DWS) data for foams and emulsions are likewise introduced. The utility of spectroscopic approaches has grown as processing power and analysis capabilities have improved. In addition, lasers offer advantages due to the specific properties of the emitted beams which allow focusing on very small volumes and enable accurate, fast, and high spatial resolution sample characterization. Emulsions and foams provide exceptional sensitive bases for measuring low concentrations of molecules down to the level of traces using spectroscopy techniques, thus opening new horizons in microfluidics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser/Optical Spectroscopy: Development and Applications)
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65 pages, 20964 KiB  
Review
Biomedical Applications of Translational Optical Imaging: From Molecules to Humans
by Daniel L. Farkas
Molecules 2021, 26(21), 6651; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216651 - 02 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3049
Abstract
Light is a powerful investigational tool in biomedicine, at all levels of structural organization. Its multitude of features (intensity, wavelength, polarization, interference, coherence, timing, non-linear absorption, and even interactions with itself) able to create contrast, and thus images that detail the makeup and [...] Read more.
Light is a powerful investigational tool in biomedicine, at all levels of structural organization. Its multitude of features (intensity, wavelength, polarization, interference, coherence, timing, non-linear absorption, and even interactions with itself) able to create contrast, and thus images that detail the makeup and functioning of the living state can and should be combined for maximum effect, especially if one seeks simultaneously high spatiotemporal resolution and discrimination ability within a living organism. The resulting high relevance should be directed towards a better understanding, detection of abnormalities, and ultimately cogent, precise, and effective intervention. The new optical methods and their combinations needed to address modern surgery in the operating room of the future, and major diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration are reviewed here, with emphasis on our own work and highlighting selected applications focusing on quantitation, early detection, treatment assessment, and clinical relevance, and more generally matching the quality of the optical detection approach to the complexity of the disease. This should provide guidance for future advanced theranostics, emphasizing a tighter coupling—spatially and temporally—between detection, diagnosis, and treatment, in the hope that technologic sophistication such as that of a Mars rover can be translationally deployed in the clinic, for saving and improving lives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser/Optical Spectroscopy: Development and Applications)
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16 pages, 2026 KiB  
Review
Metal Doped PVA Films for Opto-Electronics-Optical and Electronic Properties, an Overview
by Mircea Bulinski
Molecules 2021, 26(10), 2886; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102886 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3201
Abstract
Polyvinyl alcohol is unique among polymers. Apart from its preparation, it is not built up in polymerization reactions from monomers, unlike most vinyl-polymers, and it is biodegradable in the presence of suitably acclimated microorganisms. It is an environmentally friendly material for a wide [...] Read more.
Polyvinyl alcohol is unique among polymers. Apart from its preparation, it is not built up in polymerization reactions from monomers, unlike most vinyl-polymers, and it is biodegradable in the presence of suitably acclimated microorganisms. It is an environmentally friendly material for a wide range of applications, from medical ones, based on its biocompatibility, to integrated optics. This paper reviews, in addition to the preparation and optimization of films of polyvinyl alcohol doped with different metal species, the role of dopants and doping technologies in the involved electronic mechanism. The optical properties were studied by UV-VIS-IR, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and other measurement techniques, with applications such as real-time holography, microlasers, optical sensors or nanophotonics in mind. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser/Optical Spectroscopy: Development and Applications)
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21 pages, 611 KiB  
Review
Stability of Antimicrobial Drug Molecules in Different Gravitational and Radiation Conditions in View of Applications during Outer Space Missions
by Ágota Simon, Adriana Smarandache, Vicentiu Iancu and Mihail Lucian Pascu
Molecules 2021, 26(8), 2221; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082221 - 12 Apr 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3256
Abstract
The evolution of different antimicrobial drugs in terrestrial, microgravity and hypergravity conditions is presented within this review, in connection with their implementation during human space exploration. Drug stability is of utmost importance for applications in outer space. Instabilities may be radiation-induced or micro-/hypergravity [...] Read more.
The evolution of different antimicrobial drugs in terrestrial, microgravity and hypergravity conditions is presented within this review, in connection with their implementation during human space exploration. Drug stability is of utmost importance for applications in outer space. Instabilities may be radiation-induced or micro-/hypergravity produced. The antimicrobial agents used in space may have diminished effects not only due to the microgravity-induced weakened immune response of astronauts, but also due to the gravity and radiation-altered pathogens. In this context, the paper provides schemes and procedures to find reliable ways of fighting multiple drug resistance acquired by microorganisms. It shows that the role of multipurpose medicines modified at the molecular scale by optical methods in long-term space missions should be considered in more detail. Solutions to maintain drug stability, even in extreme environmental conditions, are also discussed, such as those that would be encountered during long-duration space exploratory missions. While the microgravity conditions may not be avoided in space, the suggested approaches deal with the radiation-induced modifications in humans, bacteria and medicines onboard, which may be fought by novel pharmaceutical formulation strategies along with radioprotective packaging and storage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser/Optical Spectroscopy: Development and Applications)
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